Eurasian Journal of Academic Research

URBAN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND PUBLIC SPACES: GLOBAL EXPERIENCE AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR EFFECTIVE APPLICATION IN UZBEKISTAN

2026-02-05T11:43:51+00:00

This scientific article provides a systematic analysis of international experience in the architectural and landscape organization of public spaces and examines the possibilities of its effective application in the context of Uzbekistan. The study explores the functional, ecological, and social significance of public spaces within the urban environment and highlights their role in sustainable urban development. Using examples from major cities around the world, the article analyzes approaches focused on human-centered design, the development of green infrastructure, and the improvement of urban microclimate. Particular attention is given to the importance of adapting global practices to local climatic conditions, historical and architectural heritage, and national cultural characteristics. The research findings have practical relevance for urban planning and landscape architecture practices.

SELECTION OF A NATIONAL METHODOLOGY BASED ON INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN CALCULATING THE LEVEL OF CONTAINERIZATION

2026-02-05T13:20:32+00:00

This article analyzes international methods used to determine the level of containerization and examines their potential application in the transport and logistics industry of Uzbekistan. The study compares the strengths and weaknesses of existing structures, especially the availability of data, the level of development of operational processes and infrastructure. One of the most important conclusions of the report is the adaptation of international methods to Uzbekistan's unique logistics system. The main conclusions indicated that, while the share of TEU and throughput efficiency are globally recognized indicators, the methodological approaches for their application in Uzbekistan need to be revisited and improved data collection systems should be implemented. The study concludes with practical recommendations for the Ministry of Transport and relevant agencies. These include testing adapted measuring instruments in logistics centers, incorporating key containerization indicators into national documents, such as the Transport Strategy until 2035, and building institutional capacity for evidence-based decision-making. In turn, the promotion of the containerization initiative in Uzbekistan will be carried out by adapting international best practices to national interests and the modern environment. This study provides accurate data for determining the level of containerization and conducting statistical analysis.

IMPROVING METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

2026-02-05T13:24:23+00:00

The assessment of the technical condition of buildings and structures plays a crucial role in ensuring their structural safety, reliability, and long-term operation. This study examines key aspects that should be considered in the evaluation process of construction facilities, with particular emphasis on the regularity of technical inspections, the application of modern diagnostic methods, and compliance with regulatory and normative requirements. The research analyzes visual inspection, instrumental diagnostics, and documentation-based assessment methods, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Existing challenges in the current assessment practice are identified, and practical recommendations aimed at improving the accuracy and effectiveness of technical condition evaluations are proposed. The implementation of advanced assessment approaches contributes to enhancing operational safety and extending the service life of buildings and structures

ISSUES OF USING INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE NEW UZBEKISTAN (BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF SOUTH KOREA AND JAPAN)

2026-02-06T12:48:00+00:00

This article analyzes the issues of using international experience in the process of developing inclusive education in the New Uzbekistan. The inclusive education systems of South Korea and Japan are examined, and their methodological approaches and practical effectiveness are compared in terms of their applicability to the conditions of Uzbekistan. The article discusses the ways of developing inclusive education, the training of teachers, and issues of interschool cooperation. The research findings serve to develop recommendations for modernizing the inclusive education system of Uzbekistan and effectively implementing international experience

DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ SOCIO-MORAL COMPETENCIES: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

2026-02-06T12:55:23+00:00

This article examines the key problems that arise in the process of developing students’ socio-moral competencies and the ways to address them based on a theoretical and methodological analysis. The relevance of the topic is justified by the growing need in modern higher education to shape young people as socially responsible, morally mature individuals with a strong civic stance. The study is based on a systematic analysis of pedagogical and psychological literature, which identifies the factors that reduce the effectiveness of the educational process and substantiates conceptual approaches and methodological directions aimed at overcoming these challenges. As a result, a set of pedagogical solutions aimed at developing students’ socio-moral competencies is proposed. The proposed approach has scientific and practical significance for improving the effectiveness of educational work in higher education institutions.

THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VERBAL MORPHOLOGY IN ENGLISH AND KARAKALPAK LANGUAGES

2026-02-07T03:40:38+00:00

This article presents a detailed comparative analysis of verbal morphology in English and Karakalpak languages. The study focuses on the morphological expression of core grammatical categories of the verb, including tense, aspect, mood, voice, negation, and person–number agreement. English, as a predominantly analytic language, encodes most verbal meanings through auxiliary verbs and syntactic constructions, whereas Karakalpak, as an agglutinative Turkic language, expresses grammatical meanings mainly through suffixation within the verb structure. Through systematic comparison and illustrative examples, the article demonstrates how grammatical information is distributed differently across verbal forms in the two languages while fulfilling similar communicative functions. The findings highlight typological contrasts that have significant implications for contrastive linguistics, translation, and language teaching, particularly in the context of English–Karakalpak bilingualism.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE C1997A POLYMORPHISM IN THE COL1A1_1 GENE IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LEUKEMIA

2026-02-07T09:56:41+00:00

Cardiotoxic complications remain one of the leading causes of decreased quality of life and prognosis in patients with acute leukemia receiving antitumor therapy. Along with clinical and therapeutic factors, genetic predisposition, including polymorphisms of genes involved in the formation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix, is increasingly being considered. The C1997A (Sp1, rs1800012) polymorphism of the COL1A1 gene affects the regulation of type I collagen expression and may contribute to structural myocardial abnormalities.

BADIIY KULOLCHILIK VA UNI USTA HUNARMANDLAR BILAN KLASTER ASOSIDA RIVOJLANTIRISHNING ILMIY-AMALIY JIHATLARI

2026-02-07T10:45:51+00:00

Mazkur ilmiy maqolada badiiy kulolchilikni rivojlantirishning dolzarb masalalari hamda uni usta hunarmandlar bilan klaster asosida tashkil etishning konseptual va tashkiliy mexanizmlari tadqiq etiladi. Tadqiqot jarayonida badiiy kulolchilikning madaniy va iqtisodiy mohiyati, sohada mavjud tizimli muammolar hamda ularni bartaraf etishda klaster yondashuvining ustun jihatlari ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilingan. Maqolada usta hunarmandlarning klaster tizimidagi markaziy o‘rni, usta–shogird an’anasini saqlash va rivojlantirish, innovatsion texnologiyalar hamda zamonaviy dizayn yechimlarini joriy etish masalalariga alohida e’tibor qaratilgan. Shuningdek, klaster modeli asosida badiiy kulolchilikni rivojlantirishning ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy samaradorligi, hududiy rivojlanish va milliy madaniy merosni asrashdagi ahamiyati yoritib berilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari badiiy kulolchilikni barqaror rivojlantirish, hunarmandlar faoliyatini qo‘llab-quvvatlash hamda milliy hunarmandchilikni zamonaviy kreativ industriya sifatida shakllantirishga qaratilgan ilmiy-amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqishga xizmat qiladi.

THE IMPROVEMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FORMATION OF EMPATHIC QUALITIES IN FUTURE TEACHERS BASED ON MODERN STRATEGIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN)

2026-02-10T09:41:48+00:00

This article analyzes the pedagogical and psychological foundations of developing empathic qualities in future teachers based on modern strategies, as well as ways to improve pedagogical technologies aimed at fostering empathy. The study reveals the essence of empathy, its role in the professional competence of a teacher, and its significance within a learner-centered education system. Furthermore, the article examines the effectiveness of reflective learning, role-playing activities, pedagogical trainings, and case-study technologies in developing empathic qualities. Based on the example of educational institutions in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, practical recommendations for improving the process of forming empathic qualities in future teachers are proposed.

HYPERINSULINEMIA AS A COMORBID CONDITION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)

2026-02-10T09:44:00+00:00

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is accompanied not only by impaired respiratory function, but also by systemic metabolic disorders. One of the main manifestations of metabolic syndrome is hyperinsulinemia - an increase in insulin levels in the blood, which can precede the development of insulin resistance (insulin resistance) and type 2 diabetes.

THE USE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL SYNONYMS IN M.NÍZANOV'S NOVEL "WHO IS NOT IN LOVE"

2026-02-11T06:39:28+00:00

This article examines the features of the use of phraseological synonyms in M. Nizanov’s novel “Ashıq bolmaǵan kim bar?”. The differences between phraseological synonyms in terms of their emotional and expressive coloring are analyzed on the basis of examples taken from the literary work.

PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING CREATIVE COMPETENCE THROUGH INTEGRATED METHODS

2026-02-11T06:42:25+00:00

This article analyzes practice-oriented methodological mechanisms aimed at developing the creative competence of pre-service primary school teachers based on an integrative approach. Creativity is interpreted not merely as an individual ability or an abstract quality, but as a professional competence formed through the integration of interdisciplinary knowledge, methodological thinking, psychological sensitivity, and digital technologies. The article provides a detailed description of such methods as integrative methodological design, problem-integrative situations, interdisciplinary creative tasks, the methodological laboratory, project-based integrative teaching, reflexive-analytical integration, and the creative methodological portfolio. These methods prepare students to analyze pedagogical situations, redesign lessons, integrate interdisciplinary knowledge, create open-ended tasks, define assessment criteria, and improve pedagogical decisions through reflective analysis. The article demonstrates the effectiveness of the integrative approach in developing creative competence through practical examples.

THE ROLE OF WOMEN’S CONSULTATION CLINICS IN THE PREVENTION OF GYNECOLOGICAL DISEASES AMONG WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE

2026-02-11T10:34:20+00:00

Gynecological diseases remain a significant public health concern among women of reproductive age and contribute substantially to morbidity, reduced quality of life, and adverse reproductive outcomes. Preventive healthcare services play a crucial role in early detection, risk reduction, and timely management of gynecological conditions. Women’s consultation clinics represent a key component of primary healthcare systems, providing accessible reproductive health services, preventive examinations, health education, and counseling. This study aims to evaluate the role and effectiveness of women’s consultation clinics in the prevention of gynecological diseases among women of reproductive age. Particular attention is given to preventive strategies, including routine gynecological examinations, screening programs, health education, and early diagnosis.

FEATURES AND EFFICIENCY OF SIMULATION CENTERS: AN EXAMPLE OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES IN UZBEKISTAN

2026-02-12T05:01:35+00:00

This study examines the effectiveness of simulation centers in medical universities in Uzbekistan, focusing on their role in enhancing practical skills, clinical reasoning, and professional competence among medical students. Simulation centers provide realistic, risk-free environments where learners can practice procedures, manage clinical scenarios, and develop teamwork and communication skills. The research evaluates the integration of simulation-based education into medical curricula, including structured scenarios, feedback mechanisms, and competency assessments. Findings indicate that well-designed simulation centers significantly improve student confidence, skill acquisition, and readiness for clinical practice. The study also highlights challenges, such as technological limitations, faculty training, resource allocation, and curriculum integration. Recommendations for optimizing the effectiveness of simulation centers in Uzbekistan include investment in infrastructure, faculty development, and strategic curriculum planning to align with international standards.

FEATURES OF THE IMPACT OF TELEMEDICINE ON THE AVAILABILITY OF MEDICAL CARE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

2026-02-12T07:22:13+00:00

Telemedicine has emerged as one of the most transformative innovations in modern healthcare, particularly in developing countries where access to medical services is often limited. By utilizing digital communication technologies, telemedicine enables remote consultations, diagnosis, and treatment, bridging the gap between healthcare providers and patients in rural or underserved areas. This approach not only enhances healthcare accessibility but also reduces the burden on hospitals and healthcare workers. During the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine proved to be an effective tool for maintaining continuity of care while minimizing infection risks. However, despite its significant potential, the implementation of telemedicine in developing countries faces various obstacles, such as insufficient digital infrastructure, low internet penetration, limited digital literacy, and regulatory challenges. This paper analyzes the impact of telemedicine on healthcare accessibility, identifies the key barriers to its adoption, and provides recommendations for the sustainable integration of telemedicine into public health systems

ҲУДУДЛАРДА ЖИНОЯТЧИЛИКНИ ОЛДИНИ ОЛИШДА «ИЖТИМОИЙ ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ҲАФТАЛИГИ» НИ ТАШКИЛ ЭТИШ ВА ЎТКАЗИШ ТАРТИБИНИ ЎРНИ

2026-02-12T07:24:04+00:00

This study analyzes the role of organizing and conducting "Social Prevention Week" in the regional crime prevention system from scientific-theoretical and practical perspectives. Social prevention is highlighted as a comprehensive mechanism aimed at eliminating the causes and conditions of crime, and its implementation through the mahalla institution is substantiated as an effective approach. In organizing the week, great importance is placed on analyzing the criminogenic situation, targeted planning, ensuring interdepartmental cooperation, raising legal awareness and culture among the population, and implementing measures aimed at solving social problems. Based on scientific research and official statistical data, it is scientifically substantiated that this mechanism serves for the early prevention of crime

THE INFLUENCE OF MODERN ULTRASOUND METHODS ON THE CHOICE OF SURGICAL TACTICS AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN TUBERCULOSIS OF PERIPHERAL LYMPH NODES

2026-02-12T10:57:49+00:00

Background. In peripheral tuberculous lymphadenitis (PTL), the selection of surgical strategy is complicated by the clinical and morphological heterogeneity of the disease and the risk of destructive complications. Objective. To evaluate the impact of a stepwise ultrasound protocol (B-mode imaging, Doppler assessment, and elastography according to Furukawa classification) on surgical decision-making and clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods. A prospective single-center study (n=150; 2019–2022) was conducted. Patients were stratified according to a 150→100→50 algorithm with analysis of nodal size, vascularization (resistance index, RI), and elastographic patterns. Results. Surgical treatment was performed in 62 patients (41.3%), while 88 (58.7%) were managed conservatively; revision of the initial therapeutic decision was required in 29 cases (19.3%). The rate of surgical intervention was 94.4% in patients with Furukawa types IV–V compared with 16.7% in types I–II (p<0.001). Postoperative complications occurred in 9.7% of cases, and repeat interventions in 4.8%; no progression was observed in the conservatively treated group. Conclusion. The multimodal ultrasound algorithm provides quantitative stratification of disease activity and supports a justified selection of surgical management in PTL.

STUDY OF SPECIFIC RESISTANCE OF THE BODY OF WORKERS IN THE SPINNING INDUSTRY

2026-02-13T08:04:56+00:00

The spinning industry is characterized by continuous physical activity, repetitive movements, exposure to dust, vibration, and noise. These occupational factors influence the specific resistance of the human body, which refers to the ability of an organism to withstand physical and environmental stressors. This study evaluates cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal resistance among spinning industry workers. Comparative analysis with a control group reveals significant reductions in physiological resistance indicators. The findings highlight the importance of preventive occupational health strategies.

COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM OF PROTECTING WOMEN AND CHILDREN FROM HARASSMENT AND VIOLENCE IN UZBEKISTAN: LEGAL, SOCIAL, AND INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS

2026-02-13T12:18:33+00:00

This article systematically analyzes the legal and institutional mechanisms for protecting women and children from harassment and violence in Uzbekistan. The study examines the 2023 Criminal Code amendments and the priorities of the new 2024 legislation on child protection from a scientific perspective. Finally, the activities of “Inson” social service centers are investigated, and practical recommendations for fostering zero tolerance for violence within society are proposed.

CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES OF UNIVERSAL COMPRESSION SCREW FIXATION IN OLECRANON AND PROXIMAL TO MID-SHAFT ULNAR FRACTURES

2026-02-16T07:44:42+00:00

Fractures of the olecranon and proximal/middle third of the ulna require stable fixation to restore function; with conventional techniques, complication rates reach 15–30%. Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of a universal compression intramedullary screw. Materials and Methods. A single-center study included 30 patients (mean age 38.4 ± 12.6 years) with isolated fractures. Early mobilization was initiated on postoperative days 10–12. The follow-up period was 12 months. Time to union, pain intensity (VAS), and Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired t-test. Results. Fracture union was achieved in 100% of patients within 10.1 ± 1.2 weeks (range 8–12). VAS pain scores decreased from 6.8 ± 1.1 to 2.1 ± 0.7 (p < 0.001).

THE RELEVANCE OF THE REFRACTURE PROBLEM: RISK FACTORS AND MECHANISMS OF IMPAIRED CONSOLIDATION

2026-02-17T04:27:32+00:00

In the context of studying the factors contributing to the violation of bone consolidation, special attention is paid to the role of age characteristics and the localization of the fracture. As can be seen from the results, primary trauma in children, especially in the age group where active growth of bone tissue occurs, may have its own specific features in terms of reparative processes. Repeated fractures (refractures) at a younger age, as this study has shown, most often occur in boys, which may be associated with greater physical activity and a tendency towards risky behavior. Formation of the primary bone callus, which is a key stage of healing, may be disrupted if reposition is delayed or inadequate treatment is provided, which creates the prerequisites for further complications correct.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OUTCOMES IN AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD USING INDIVIDUALIZED METAL FIXATION SYSTEMS

2026-02-17T06:29:53+00:00

Background. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head in children is characterized by progressive epiphyseal deformity, persistent pain, and impairment of hip joint function. Optimization of surgical management through the use of advanced diagnostic modalities and personalized fixation strategies remains a clinically relevant objective. Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of individualized metal fixation systems in the surgical treatment of pediatric avascular necrosis of the femoral head compared with conventional fixation techniques. Materials and Methods. An ambispective cohort study with a historical control was conducted between 2023 and 2025. A total of 150 children aged 4–15 years were included: a retrospective group (n=80) treated with conventional surgical techniques and standard fixation, and a prospective group (n=70) managed using multislice computed tomography (MSCT) with 3D reconstruction, Doppler ultrasound assessment, and individualized fixation constructs.

ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL-PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS IN CHRONIC HEART FAILURE

2026-02-17T09:43:27+00:00

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. Rational pharmaceutical management is fundamental in improving symptoms, enhancing quality of life, and reducing hospitalizations and mortality. This article reviews current clinical-pharmacological strategies for CHF treatment, emphasizing evidence-based drug classes, therapeutic mechanisms, and rational prescription practices. Key drug categories include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), beta-adrenergic blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs), and diuretics. Additionally, new agents and optimization strategies are discussed. Flowcharts and diagrams illustrate treatment pathways and decision points. The analysis supports a patient-centered, risk-benefit approach to drug selection based on comorbidities, renal function, and individual tolerability.

EVALUATION OF CLINICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE RATIONAL TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

2026-02-17T13:16:25+00:00

Infectious diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide despite advances in medical science and antimicrobial therapy. Rational treatment of infectious diseases requires an evidence‑based integration of clinical judgment, antimicrobial pharmacology, diagnostic accuracy, resistance surveillance, and antimicrobial stewardship principles. This article reviews current clinical and pharmacological strategies used in rational therapy, including appropriate antibiotic selection, dose optimization, treatment duration, de‑escalation practices, and personalized medicine approaches. Barriers to effective rational therapy, such as antimicrobial resistance, diagnostic challenges, and healthcare system limitations, are also discussed. Flowcharts and conceptual diagrams are included to illustrate clinical decision‑making pathways. Evidence supports that strategic application of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) principles and stewardship interventions improves patient outcomes and reduces the emergence of resistance.