SANITARY AND HYGIENIC RISKS IN WORKING CONDITIONS AT HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES AND MEASURES FOR THEIR REDUCTION: SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS AND MODERN SOLUTIONS

Аннотация:

Hydraulic structures such as dams, hydroelectric power plants, pumping stations, and reservoirs are strategically important for water management, electricity generation, irrigation, and public water supply. However, working conditions at these facilities are often characterized by a combination of sanitary-hygienic and occupational hazards. Research has shown that unfavorable microclimatic conditions, elevated noise and vibration, insufficient lighting, poor air quality, and significant physical and mental strain contribute to adverse health outcomes in workers. Special attention is drawn to the increased prevalence of cardiovascular strain, impaired thermoregulation, asthenic conditions of the nervous system, as well as psycho-emotional stress and chronic fatigue among employees. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the hygienic and physiological conditions of workers at hydraulic structures, identify occupational hazards, and propose scientifically based preventive measures.