Общественные науки в современном мире: теоретические и практические исследования

YASHIL TEXNOLOGIYALAR – EKOLOGIK MUAMMOLARGA YECHIM

2025-12-06T12:38:55+00:00

Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekistonda yashil texnologiyalar va qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalarining ekologik muammolarni bartaraf etishdagi roli tahlil qilinadi. Birinchi bo‘limda quyosh, shamol, suv (gidro) va biomassa kabi qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalari ta’riflanib, ularning atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilishdagi afzalliklari va global ahamiyati bayon etiladi. Maqolaning asosiy qismida O‘zbekistonda amalga oshirilayotgan yirik yashil energetika va chiqindilardan elektr hosil qilish loyihalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Qiyinchiliklar va ularning yechimlari tahlil qilinib, ilg‘or texnologiyalar va xalqaro hamkorlik orqali masalalar yengilishi ko‘rsatiladi. Xulosa qismida qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalarini kengaytirish O‘zbekistonning energiya xavfsizligini ta’minlash va atrof-muhitni himoya qilishdagi muhim vosita ekani alohida ta’kidlanadi.

DEMOGRAFIK JARAYONLAR EVOLYUSIYASIGA TURLI FALSAFIY YOʻNALISHLARNING QARASHLARI

2025-12-06T13:34:58+00:00

Ushbu maqolada demografik jarayonlar evolyutsiyasiga turli falsafiy yoʻnalishlar tomonidan berilgan baholar tizimli tahlil qilinadi. Qadimgi Sharq va Antik falsafada aholining koʻpayishi va ijtimoiy barqarorlik oʻrtasidagi bogʻliqlik, Oʻrta asr diniy tafakkurida demografiya va ilohiy tartib munosabatlari, Uygʻonish davri faylasuflarida aholi oʻsishining iqtisodiy hamda siyosiy omillar bilan aloqadorligi yoritiladi. Shuningdek, klassik maltuzianizmning demografik nazariyadagi oʻrni va unga bildirilgan tanqidiy qarashlar, XIX–XX asrlardagi pozitivistik va globalistik yondashuvlar orqali demografik jarayonlarning ilmiy falsafiy talqinlari ochib beriladi.

DIZARTRIYA NUTQ KAMCHILIGINI BARTARAF ETISHDA LOGOPED VA OTA-ONANING O‘ZARO HAMKORLIGINING INNOVATSION MODELI

2025-12-06T13:36:52+00:00

Ushbu ilmiy maqolada markaziy asab tizimining organik jarohatlanishi natijasida yuzaga keluvchi murakkab nutq nuqsoni – dizartriyani bartaraf etishda tizimli yondashuv masalalari chuqur tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotning asosiy e’tibori logopedik korreksiya jarayonini an’anaviy "mutaxassis-bola" formatidan chiqarib, oila institutining barcha imkoniyatlarini safarbar etgan holda "Logoped – Oila – Jamiyat" yaxlit ijtimoiy-pedagogik klasterini shakllantirishga qaratilgan.

MODIFICATION OF PHONEMES. COMPARATIVE PHONETICS. COMPARATIVE PHONOLOGY

2025-12-08T04:39:16+00:00

The article examines the linguistic phenomena related to the modification of phonemes and explores their role within comparative phonetics and comparative phonology. It provides an in-depth analysis of how phonemes change their quality and quantity under the influence of phonetic environment, stress, position, and assimilation processes in different languages. Special attention is given to major types of phoneme modification—such as assimilation, dissimilation, reduction, elision, and accommodation—and how these processes affect the pronunciation norms and sound patterns of world languages. Within the framework of comparative phonetics, the article discusses the articulatory and acoustic characteristics of sounds across languages and highlights cross-linguistic similarities and differences in consonant and vowel systems. It outlines how languages exhibit diverse patterns of voicing, aspiration, vowel length, diphthongization, and stress placement, showing how phonetic comparison helps identify universal features of human speech as well as language-specific tendencies. Through comparative analysis of phonological systems, the study demonstrates how languages contrast sounds differently, how phonological oppositions are maintained or neutralized, and how sound patterns reflect deeper typological relationships.

COMPOUND SENTENCES IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

2025-12-08T04:41:45+00:00

This article examines the role, structure, and usage of compound sentences in the English language. Compound sentences, formed by joining two or more independent clauses using coordinating conjunctions, conjunctive adverbs, or punctuation marks, are essential for expressing complex ideas clearly and coherently. The article provides a detailed analysis of the types of compound sentences, including additive, adversative, causal, and alternative structures, highlighting their function in showing addition, contrast, cause-effect relationships, and choices. It also discusses the proper grammatical construction of compound sentences and common errors made by learners, such as comma splices and run-on sentences. The article emphasizes the importance of compound sentences for maintaining clarity, coherence, and variety in both spoken and written English.

ONE-MEMBER SENTENCES AND TWO-MEMBER SENTENCES

2025-12-08T04:44:36+00:00

This article offers a clear and accessible overview of one-member and two-member sentences, presenting the core structural principles that shape modern syntactic analysis. The discussion highlights how these sentence types function, why they matter in communication, and how they support linguistic competence for learners and researchers. With simple language, precise definitions, and well-selected examples, the text delivers immediate clarity while maintaining strong academic value.

THE NOUN: ITS STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC TYPES AND SYNTACTICAL FUNCTIONS IN THE SENTENCES

2025-12-08T04:53:16+00:00

This article provides an in-depth exploration of nouns in the English language, focusing on their structural forms, semantic classifications, and syntactic functions. It covers simple, derivative, and compound nouns, as well as full noun phrases, providing examples for each. The semantic discussion includes proper and common nouns, concrete and abstract nouns, countable and uncountable nouns, animate and inanimate nouns, and collective nouns. Grammatical categories such as number, gender, and case are explained, with illustrative examples. The article also examines the syntactic roles of nouns, including subjects, objects, complements, and appositive elements. By integrating insights from cognitive, corpus, and discourse linguistics, it emphasizes the noun's importance in structuring meaning and facilitating communication in English.

THE INTERACTION BETWEEN PHONETICS AND MORPHOLOGY IN ENGLISH

2025-12-08T04:56:22+00:00

This article explores the interaction between phonetics and morphology in the English language, focusing on how sound patterns influence morphological processes and how morphological structures affect phonetic realization. Phonetic features such as stress, assimilation, vowel reduction, and allomorphy play a significant role in shaping the forms of English morphemes. At the same time, the complexity and productivity of English morphology often determine the way sounds are produced, especially in affixation, compounding, and inflection. Understanding these interactions is essential for linguists, teachers, and learners, as they reveal how pronunciation and word formation operate together rather than separately. The study concludes that phonetics and morphology function interdependently, forming a dynamic system in which sound and structure continuously influence each other.

VERB TENSES IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK: A CONTRASTIVE STUDY

2025-12-08T04:59:40+00:00

This article examines the tense and aspect systems of English and Uzbek, focusing on their structural, functional, and pragmatic differences. English employs auxiliary verbs and periphrastic constructions to express twelve distinct tense–aspect forms, whereas Uzbek utilizes morphological suffixes and auxiliary verbs to convey tense, aspect, evidentiality, and modality within a compact system. The study emphasizes the practical implications of these differences for language teaching, translation, and second language acquisition.

CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES TO ENGLISH MORPHOLOGY AND PARTS OF SPEECH THEORY

2025-12-08T05:02:33+00:00

This article explores contemporary approaches to English morphology with a particular focus on the theory of parts of speech in modern linguistic study. It examines how structural, semantic, and functional frameworks classify English word classes, highlighting their strengths and limitations. The discussion emphasizes the role of morphological markers, syntactic distribution, and semantic properties in defining major and minor parts of speech. Attention is also given to how modern linguistics integrates cognitive and usage-based perspectives to explain word-class flexibility, category shifts, and borderline cases. By synthesizing traditional and modern viewpoints, the article provides a comprehensive overview of how English morphology contributes to understanding grammatical structure, lexical organization, and the dynamic nature of word classification in contemporary English.

THE LINGUISTIC THEORY OF ADVERBS AND THEIR GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES

2025-12-08T05:05:58+00:00

This article provides a comprehensive examination of adverbs within contemporary linguistic theory, focusing on their structural, semantic, and functional properties. It explores the classification of adverbs as a heterogeneous grammatical category and analyzes the theoretical foundations underlying their morphological and syntactic behavior. Special attention is given to the major grammatical categories of adverbs, including degree, modality, aspect, emphasis, and negation, as well as their role in clause structure and discourse organization. The study synthesizes perspectives from traditional, structural, and generative grammars, offering a detailed overview of how adverbs function within the broader system of English grammar. The article is intended for students and researchers seeking a deeper understanding of adverbial theory and its significance in linguistic description and analysis.

FOUNDATIONS OF SYNTAX: THEORETICAL APPROACHES AND THE STRUCTURE OF PHRASES AND SENTENCES

2025-12-08T05:08:53+00:00

Syntax forms the core of grammatical organization in any language, providing the rules that govern how words combine to create meaningful structures. This article offers an overview of the foundational concepts of syntax, introducing major and minor syntactic approaches including structural, cognitive, and semantic perspectives. It examines the main categories of syntax—phrases and sentences—highlighting their roles in shaping linguistic meaning and grammatical relations. Special attention is given to phrase theory, its definition, and the classification of phrase types such as coordinate, subordinate, and predicative phrases. The article also discusses the problematic cases of mixed or transitional phrase types, emphasizing the complexity and flexibility of syntactic structures. Through this analysis, the study presents a clear and comprehensive understanding of how contemporary linguistics interprets the structure and function of phrases and sentences.

THE FUNCTIONAL ROLE OF STRESS AND SYLLABLE STRUCTURE IN THE SYSTEM OF ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION

2025-12-08T05:11:44+00:00

Language is shaped not only by vocabulary and grammar but also by the phonetic features that determine how words are produced and understood. Among these features, stress and syllable structure play a central role in shaping the rhythm, clarity, and overall intelligibility of spoken English. This article explores the functional importance of stress patterns and syllable organization, demonstrating how they influence pronunciation, meaning, and speech perception. By examining the interaction between stress placement, syllable division, and phonetic transcription, the study highlights the crucial role these elements play in effective communication and language learning.

UNDERSTANDING THE SYNTAX OF COMPOSITE SENTENCES: STRUCTURAL PRINCIPLES OF COMPLEX SENTENCE FORMATION

2025-12-08T05:15:05+00:00

The article examines the syntactic nature, structural organization, and functional roles of composite sentences in modern English. It provides a systematic overview of complex sentence components, including main and subordinate clauses, their syntactic relations, and the mechanisms that govern subordination and coordination. Special attention is given to the classification of complex sentences, the hierarchical arrangement of clauses, and the semantic-pragmatic functions that arise from their structural patterns. The article highlights how composite sentences contribute to clarity, coherence, and stylistic variation in both spoken and written discourse. The findings aim to support students, teachers, and researchers in understanding the rules and principles that underpin complex sentence construction and usage.

QIZLAR NEGA TA’LIM OLISHI ZARUR?

2025-12-08T05:19:02+00:00

Bugungi kunga shukronalar bo‘lsinki, har sohaga qarasak ayol qizlar qadami yetgan, nafosati va iffatini saqlagan holda erkaklar bilan teng faoliyat olib bormoqdalar. Bu quvonarli, albatta. Lekin, tarixga, atigi 100 yil ortga nazar tashlasak qizlar tugul yigitlar ta’limiga ham qattiq qarshiliklar bo‘lgan. Buni biz jadidlarning katta mehnati singgan “yetmishvoylar” taqdirida ham ko‘rishimiz mumkin. Ta’lim uchun tirishgan, Berlinga borib bilim olgan o‘sha 70 talaba o‘zlarining jonkuyarlaridan bir necha kun o‘tib qaro yer bilan yuzlashganlar. Ya’ni 1938-yil oktabr oyida og‘ir ayblovlar bilan otib tashlanganlar. Ular xalq uchun, millat farzandlarining kelajagi, yurtning istiqboli uchun ilm oldilar va hatto ular orasidagi qizlar tug‘ishdan, ona bo‘lishdan ko‘ra yuksakroq o‘qishni tanladilar ana shu sharafli yo‘lda jon beradilar. Shunda bir savol tug‘iladi: “Biz nega o‘qiyapmiz?” Ana shu savol meni tun-u kun o‘ylantiryapti. Hozir qaysi oilaga boqmang, talabalik baxtiga erishgan farzandi kamida bittadan bor. Bu hozirgi zamon yoshlarining bilimga ishtiyoqi kattaligidanmi yoki odamlar orasidagi mavqeyini ko‘tarish uchun harakatmi?

SCIENCE AND INNOVATION: THE MODERN SIGNIFICANCE OF A SCIENTIFIC-PRACTICAL CONFERENCE

2025-12-08T05:21:41+00:00

This article provides an expanded analysis of the role of science and innovation in the socio-economic and technological development of modern society. It highlights how scientific-practical conferences have become an essential platform for sharing knowledge, strengthening academic collaboration, supporting young researchers, and promoting the practical application of scientific findings. Focusing on ongoing reforms in Uzbekistan, the paper discusses the development of an innovation-friendly ecosystem, government support for scientific research, the modernization of educational institutions, and the introduction of STEAM-based learning. Furthermore, it explores how advanced technologies transform various sectors and emphasizes the strategic importance of fostering scientific potential for national progress.

ISLOMGA QADAR FARG'ONA VODIYSIDA MAVJUD BO'LGAN MAHALLIY DINLAR

2025-12-08T05:24:49+00:00

Ushbu maqolada Farg‘ona vodiysi hududida islomga kelishdan oldingi davrlarda amalda bo‘lgan diniy e’tiqodlar, mahalliy urf-odatlar, animistik va shamanistik tizimlar hamda — keng miqyosda — eroniy va markaziy Osiyoga xos dinlar: Zaratushtiylik, Manixiylik, Buddizm, shuningdek boshqa mahalliy kultlar (totemizm, suv- va tabiatga sig‘inish, ruhlar kultlari) tahlil qilinadi. Arxeologik topilmalar, etnografik tadqiqotlar hamda tarixiy manbalar asosida Farg‘ona vodiysidagi dinlar mozaikasi va ularning ijtimoiy hamda madaniy hayotga ta’siri ko‘rsatib beriladi. Natijalar shuni bildiradiki, vodiyning pre-islom diniy manzara ancha xilma-xil bo‘lgan, va bu xilma-xillik, ijtimoiy hamda madaniy integratsiyani shakllantirishda muhim rol o‘ynagan.

TALABALARNING KASBIY KOMMUNIKATIV RIVOJLANTIRISH KO‘NIKMALARI

2025-12-08T05:27:07+00:00

Mazkur maqolada talabalarning kasbiy kommunikativ ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirishda tizimli yondashuvning nazariy asoslari, uning tamoyillari va amaliy tatbiqi yoritilgan. Shuningdek, o‘quv jarayonida tizimli yondashuv orqali kasbiy kommunikativ kompetensiyalarni shakllantirish texnologiyalari tahlil qilinadi. Tajriba natijalariga tayangan holda amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan. Ushbu maqola oliy ta’lim tizimida kommunikativ tayyorgarlik samaradorligini oshirishga qaratilgan.

NAVRO‘Z – YANGILANISH VA YASHARISH BAYRAMI

2025-12-08T07:23:22+00:00

Maqolada milliy bayramimiz Navro‘ va u bilan bog‘liq sumalak sayli, sumalakning shifobaxsh xususiyatlari haqida so‘z yuritiladi.

OLAMNING LISONIY MANZARASIDA KAMBAG‘ALLIK KONSEPTI MODDIY VA MA’NAVIY TUSHUNCHA SIFATIDA AKS ETISHI

2025-12-09T05:48:35+00:00

Kambag‘allik konsepti tilda moddiy va ma’naviy tushuncha sifatida o‘z ifodasini topadi. Moddiy kambag‘allik ko‘pincha resurslar, daromad va yashash sharoitlari bilan bog‘liq bo‘lsa, ma’naviy kambag‘allik insonning ruhiy, axloqiy va ijtimoiy qashshoqligini aks ettiradi. Ushbu ikki tushuncha tilda turli metafora, tasvirlar va ifodalash vositalari orqali verbalizatsiya qilinadi. Moddiy kambag‘allikni ifodalashda real hayotdagi qiyinchiliklar, zaruratlar va to‘siqlar tasvirlanadi, ma’naviy kambag‘allik esa insonning ichki dunyosidagi bo‘shliqlar, g‘am-tashvishlar va qadriyatlar yo‘qligi sifatida ko‘rinadi. Shunday qilib, tilda kambag‘allik konseptining verbalizatsiyasi, nafaqat uning ijtimoiy va iqtisodiy jihatlarini, balki uning shaxsiy, ma’naviy holatlarni ifodalashdagi murakkabligini ham ochib beradi. Kambag‘allik konsepti ham moddiy va ma’naviy tushuncha sifatida bir necha manbalarda turlicha shakllarda o‘z aksini topganiga guvohi bo‘lishimiz mumkin.

AXBOROT-PSIXOLOGIK TAHDID SHAROITIDA OʻZBEKISTONNING AXBOROT XAVFSIZLIGIGA DOIR DAVLAT SIYOSATI

2025-12-09T05:50:46+00:00

Ushbu ilmiy maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasida axborot-psixologik tahdidlarga qarshi kurashishning huquqiy, tashkiliy va strategik asoslari tahlil qilinadi. Davlat siyosatining shakllanish bosqichlari, milliy xavfsizlik tizimidagi axborot xavfsizligi o‘rni hamda xalqaro standartlarga mos ravishda amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar keng yoritilgan.

GERMANIYA VA USMONLI IMPERIYASI O‘RTASIDAGI HARBIY-TASHKILIY ALOQALAR XIX ASRDA

2025-12-09T06:53:28+00:00

Mazkur maqolada XIX asrda Germaniya (Prussiya) va Usmonli imperiyasi o‘rtasidagi harbiy-tashkiliy hamkorlikning shakllanishi, rivojlanishi va mazmuni tahlil qilinadi. Usmonli davlatining harbiy islohotlarga ehtiyoji, Germaniyaning Sharqdagi geosiyosiy manfaatlari, shuningdek prussiyalik harbiy mutaxassislarning ta’lim va armiyani qayta tashkil etish jarayonidagi o‘rni yoritiladi. Tadqiqot shuni ko‘rsatadiki, Germaniya XIX asrda Usmonli armiyasining modernizatsiyasida asosiy tashqi hamkorlardan biriga aylangan va uning harbiy boshqaruv tizimi hamda strategik tayyorgarligiga sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatgan.

SOVET HOKIMIYATINING DAHRIYLIK SIYOSATI VA DINDORLARNING QATAG‘ON QILINISHI

2025-12-09T12:37:56+00:00

Ushbu tezisda Sovet hokimiyatining 1920–1950-yillar davomida olib borgan dahriylik siyosati, dinni jamiyatdan siqib chiqarish, diniy ta'limotlarga qarshi targ‘ibot olib borish va dindorlarni qatag‘on qilish jarayonlari ilmiy tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda O‘zbekiston hududida masjidlarning yopilishi, ulamolarning ta'qib qilinishi, diniy adabiyotlarning taqiqlanishi hamda ateizm siyosatining ijtimoiy-madaniy oqibatlari o‘rganiladi. Ushbu ish Sovet davridagi ateistik mafkuraning xalq ma’naviyatiga ta'siri hamda diniy merosning yo‘qotilish xavfi to‘g‘risida xulosalarni o‘z ichiga oladi.

ХОТИН-ҚИЗЛАРНИ МАИШИЙ ЗЎРАВОНЛИКДАН ҲИМОЯ ҚИЛИШДА ҲИМОЯ ОРДЕРИ ИНСТИТУТИНИНГ САМАРАДОРЛИГИ

2025-12-09T13:02:37+00:00

Мақолада ҳимоя ордери институтининг ҳуқуқий табиати, унинг маиший зўравонликка қарши курашишдаги аҳамияти, Ўзбекистондаги амалиёт самарадорлиги ва халқаро стандартлар билан таққослаши ёритилади. Ҳимоя ордерининг жорий этилиши ижобий натижалар бергани, амалиётдаги муаммо ва такомиллаштириш йўналишлари таҳлил қилинади.