Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences

In this article, it is shown that the healing properties of the plant Anthemis tinctoria L. are associated with the presence of polyacetylene in its roots, flavonoids, glucosides, and essential oil compounds in its flowers. In addition, this plant contains quercetin, rubber, Vitamin P, xanthophyll, dyes, and alkaloids beneficial for the human body. In this case, a number of experiments were conducted using the following isolators to isolate the active biologically active substance from the plant yellow chamomile (Anthemis tinctoria L.). As a separator, purified water, ethyl alcohol with different percentage concentrations, i.e., 40, 70, 90, 96% ethyl alcohol, were used. Using the HPLC method, the content of flavonoids in the liquid extract obtained from the raw material of the plant Anthemis tinctoria L. was determined, which was carried out in the "Agilent 1260 Infinity" mode, spectrophotometric detector, chromatographic column Agilent S18 5 μm, 4.6x250 mm, gradient mode.

The article emphasizes that accurate physiological interpretation of blood parameters requires a shift from a "slice of values" to modeling time dynamics and contextual normalization for individual conditions. It is concluded that the most promising approach is the integration of cellular, biochemical, and rheological data into unified functional indices, enabling the comparison of adaptation profiles and the identification of early dysregulation before clinical manifestations.

Disturbances in water balance in the body significantly affect numerous physiological processes. Under conditions of dehydration, hemoconcentration, microcirculatory disorders, and tissue hypoxia may negatively influence various components of the immune system, particularly gut-associated lymphoid tissues. The intestinal lymphatic system, including Peyer’s patches and solitary lymphoid follicles, plays an important role in the formation of local immune responses. The aim of this study was to determine the morphological and morphometric changes in the lymphoid follicles of the small intestine under conditions of experimental dehydration. The study was carried out under laboratory conditions using white rats as an experimental model. In the experimental group of animals, dehydration was induced by restricting fluid intake. The obtained intestinal tissues were examined using histological methods followed by detailed morphological analysis. The results of the study demonstrated that dehydration leads to a decrease in the number of lymphocytes within intestinal lymphoid follicles, alterations in cellular composition, and morphological restructuring of the lymphatic capillary network. In addition, dystrophic and destructive processes in the intestinal wall layers were observed to intensify. The obtained results contribute to a better understanding of structural changes in the intestinal immune system under dehydration conditions and help clarify the pathomorphological mechanisms associated with water deficiency in the organism

Pulpitis is an inflammatory condition of the dental pulp and is one of the most common diseases in therapeutic dentistry. This paper analyzes the etiology, clinical features, and modern treatment methods of pulpitis. Special attention is given to biological (conservative) treatment, vital amputation, and devital extirpation methods. The use of modern anesthesia techniques and advanced dental materials significantly increases treatment effectiveness. The correct selection of treatment methods plays a crucial role in preserving tooth function

Body mass index is considered an important factor influencing women’s reproductive and somatic health. Objective: To investigate the structure of gynecological and somatic pathology in women of reproductive age according to body mass index. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analytical study included 448 women aged 18–49 years who were hospitalized between 2022 and 2026. Patients were stratified into three groups according to body mass index: normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Results: Type 2 diabetes mellitus was most frequently detected in women with obesity (78.1%), whereas endometrial hyperplasia was more common among women with overweight (46.2%). Conclusion: Body mass index is associated with the structure of gynecological and somatic pathology in women of reproductive age.

Fetal ventriculomegaly occupies a special place among prenatally detected malformations of the central nervous system. In severe forms, even when isolation of the defect is confirmed, the risk of an unfavorable neurological outcome remains high. The question of the possibility of prenatal correction has remained open for nearly forty years.

As a result of the conducted research, the presence of 40 mineral elements was established in the leaves of common basil. Toxic heavy metals (As, Pb, Hg, Cd), subject to priority control, in the studied raw material were determined within the permissible limits adopted by the World Health Organization and the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIV edition, for medicinal plant raw materials and preparations based on them, as well as SanPiN 1.10.7 for biologically active supplements of plant origin, which indicates their ecological safety. The obtained data will be in demand for the chemical characterization of the raw material and its subsequent standardization.

to assess the main indicators of perinatal service development in the Fergana region for 2010-2024 and to identify ways of its improvement.

This article presents the results of research on the development of methods for the identification and quantitative determination of ascorbic acid in dietary supplements in the form of gummy pastilles. Given the complex matrix of the gummy dosage form, which contains gelling agents and sugars, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection was selected for the analysis. Titrimetric determination using sodium 2,6-dichloroindophenolate was used as a comparative method. It was established that the developed HPLC method is characterized by high selectivity and reproducibility. The content of ascorbic acid in one gummy pastille ranged from 10.1 to 10.3 mg. The results obtained confirm the feasibility of using the proposed method for the quality control of dietary supplements in gummy forms.

It has been established that propolis (bee glue) is a complex multicomponent system with pronounced antioxidant and pleotropic effects, in demand in food technologies as a multifunctional agent and preservative

The aim of this study was to develop and simulate a Weibull mathematical model based on experimentally derived dissolution profiles of Aferol tablets (active ingredient: ferrous fumarate 210 mg, equivalent to 65 mg Fe²⁺) in order to quantitatively assess the influence of key technological factors on the kinetics of active substance release. Particular emphasis was placed on the effects of compression pressure (100–300 MPa), tablet geometrical characteristics (diameter 8–10 mm, surface area), composition of excipients (magnesium stearate 0.5–2 %, corn starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, talc, polyvinylpyrrolidone), particle size distribution of the granulate, and residual granulate moisture content (1.25–3 %).

This article presents an analysis of drugs used for gallbladder diseases in the local pharmaceutical market. The study utilizes data registered in 2023-2025 based on the State Register of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The obtained data demonstrate the need to expand the range of these types of drugs in domestic production.

The antiradical activity of aqueous extracts of mixtures of tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) and horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.) in ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1 was studied. Extracts were obtained by ultrasonic extraction of the aboveground plant parts with distilled water. Antioxidant activity was assessed by the degree of DPPH radical inhibition (λ = 517 nm) upon addition of various volumes of extract, followed by calculation of AOF% and IC₅₀. The results were compared with previously studied ethanol extracts.

Forecasting pharmaceutical market dynamics characterized by pronounced seasonal fluctuations remains a methodological challenge for healthcare planning systems. This study proposes a methodology for forecasting pharmaceutical market indicators using a seasonality index, demonstrated on the example of anthelmintic drugs. Monthly data from the Drug Audit database covering the period 2009–2024 were analyzed, and forecast estimates were developed up to 2031 using a multiplicative time series model and a scenario-based approach including baseline, optimistic, and pessimistic scenarios. To our knowledge, limited studies have applied seasonality-index-based forecasting to the pharmaceutical market of anthelmintic drugs. The methodology was tested both at the level of individual International Nonproprietary Names (albendazole, mebendazole, and pyrantel) and at the level of the aggregated anthelmintic market. The results demonstrate that incorporating seasonality indices improves the reliability of demand forecasting and supports evidence-based pharmaceutical supply planning and decision-making.

Miscarriage remains one of the most pressing issues in contemporary reproductive medicine, occurring in approximately 10–20% of clinically recognized pregnancies. Endocrine disturbances play a substantial role in its pathogenesis, including luteal phase deficiency, thyroid dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and hyperprolactinemia. According to current data, hormonal factors account for approximately 8–17% of miscarriage cases. The aim of this review was to analyze recent evidence on the role of hormonal disorders in the development of reproductive loss. Publications from the past 5–10 years were reviewed. The findings indicate that thyroid disorders, progesterone deficiency, and metabolic endocrinopathies are among the most significant factors. Comprehensive diagnostics and personalized therapeutic approaches can improve the likelihood of a favorable pregnancy outcome.

Miscarriage is a significant challenge in modern reproductive medicine, occurring in approximately 10–20% of clinically diagnosed pregnancies. Hormonal disturbances play a crucial role in its development, including luteal phase deficiency, thyroid dysfunction, hyperprolactinemia, and hyperandrogenism. The aim of this study was to develop an algorithm for the evaluation and management of patients with miscarriage associated with endocrine disorders, based on an analysis of current international guidelines and scientific evidence. A review of the literature published between 2018 and 2025 was conducted. It was established that the contemporary approach is based on early diagnosis (after two pregnancy losses), selective hormonal screening, and personalized therapy. An algorithm was developed incorporating stages of diagnosis, risk stratification, and therapeutic decision-making. The application of an algorithm-based approach improves clinical management and reduces the incidence of reproductive loss.

Changes in the organization of hospital services and in the use of medical care by the population have had a great impact on the activities of hospitals, especially in the sectors dealing with noncommunicable diseases [7]. During the first wave of the pandemic (COVID-19), when hospital overload was at its highest, there was a significant drop in hospital admissions for acute cardiovascular diseases worldwide from 20.2% to 73% [4]. For example, France reported a 30% reduction in hospitalizations for myocardial infarction (MI) during the first month of national lockdown, which was introduced from March 17 to May 11, 2020 [6].

To study the effectiveness of the use of the robotic rehabilitation training complex CRISAF in the formation of motor skills in children with cerebral palsy. Materials and methods: Rehabilitation using the CRISAF complex was carried out on 15 patients aged 5 to 14 years with a spastic form of cerebral palsy who received inpatient treatment at the Republican Children's Psychoneurological Hospital named after. U. Kurbanova. All children studied at the CRISAF complex daily for 30 minutes, a course of 10 lessons. General clinical, neurological and electrophysiological

The COVID-19 pandemic posed major challenges to the global healthcare system. Early detection of infection and effective population immunization were considered key factors in limiting the spread of the disease. The treatment of this coronavirus infection, laboratory diagnostics, epidemiology, and prevention became the focus of scientific activity for a number of researchers. For example, in countries such as China, Russia, the United Kingdom, Germany, India, as well as in Uzbekistan, several scientists are actively conducting effective scientific research on disease prevention. This study examined the significance of the PCR diagnostic method and the immunological effectiveness of a heterologous (mixed) vaccination strategy. The study analyzed data from 2021–2022, focusing on immune responses after vaccination across different age groups. The results showed that heterologous vaccination is associated with a higher antibody level.The results obtained are of great importance for improving epidemiological control.

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the current features of meningococcal infection (MI) in the adult population. Based on data from the epidemiological surveillance of the and international studies, current trends in morbidity are considered, including a shift in peaks towards adolescents and young adults, the role of social factors (organized groups, crowding, migration) and seasonal fluctuations. The modern features of the clinical picture are described in detail: from nasopharyngitis and meningococcemia to purulent meningitis and fulminant forms with Waterhouse-Friederiksen syndrome. Special attention is paid to the variability of the onset of the disease, the difficulties of early diagnosis (masquerading as acute respiratory viral infections, absence of pathognomonic symptoms), polymorphism of hemorrhagic rash and a high risk of life-threatening complications (infectious and toxic shock, DIC syndrome, cerebral edema, multiple organ failure). The possibilities and limitations of modern laboratory diagnostic methods (microscopy, culture examination, PCR, ELISA) are analyzed, and the critical importance of early etiological verification for prognosis is emphasized. The necessity of strengthening the vigilance of primary care physicians and specialists in relation to MI in adults, improving epidemiological surveillance and immunoprophylaxis in risk groups is substantiated

Placental dysfunction of infectious-inflammatory origin is one of the most significant causes of complicated pregnancy, as it is associated with impaired uteroplacental and fetoplacental circulation, altered metabolic activity of the placenta, and an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Chronic inflammatory processes underlying this condition contribute to the development of systemic disorders affecting both the general condition of the pregnant woman and the functional state of the fetoplacental complex.

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are an important tool for overcoming infertility, but their impact on the health of the offspring remains a subject of scientific debate. The aim of this study is to analyze current data on the health of children born through ART, including physical, somatic, cognitive, and mental development. The article examines the characteristics of pregnancy, perinatal outcomes, the incidence of congenital anomalies, and long-term health consequences. A comparative analysis of children conceived naturally and through ART was conducted. It was found that most children born through ART have health indicators comparable to those of the general population; however, certain risks associated with parental health factors and pregnancy characteristics remain

Neonatal jaundice is one of the most common conditions in pediatric practice, occurring in more than half of newborns. It is caused by elevated bilirubin levels in the blood due to physiological and pathological processes. In most cases, jaundice is transient; however, with severe hyperbilirubinemia, there is a risk of developing bilirubin encephalopathy and other neurological complications. This article discusses the pathogenesis, classification, risk factors, modern diagnostic methods, and treatment principles of neonatal jaundice. Particular attention is paid to the timely diagnosis and prevention of complications.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of active and passive drainage of postoperative wounds in patients in the Fergana region. The clinical trial included 240 patients undergoing maxillofacial, orthopedic, and abdominal surgery. Active drainage was found to result in a more significant reduction in inflammatory markers, a lower incidence of seromas and hematomas, and a shorter hospital stay compared to passive drainage (p < 0.05). These data confirm the clinical advantage of active drainage in postoperative practice.

Allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and bronchial asthma, are widespread chronic conditions associated with a significant reduction in quality of life and a substantial economic burden. In the context of the increasing prevalence of pollinosis, the development of effective and safe therapeutic approaches is of particular importance. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment method that targets the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of allergic diseases. In recent years, special attention has been paid to sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), which is characterized by a favorable safety profile and ease of administration. The aim of this study is to analyze the theoretical and technological aspects of developing sublingual dosage forms based on regionally relevant allergens of Uzbekistan, such as Artemisia and Chenopodium. The paper addresses issues related to epidemiology, immunological mechanisms, allergen standardization, excipient selection, and technological approaches to dosage form development.

The results of the study of ileocecal reflux disease in children occurring against the background of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia are presented. A more pronounced abdominal pain syndrome in the right iliac region over a prolonged period was identified in children of the main group, which was accompanied by phenotypic signs of connective tissue dysplasia. Inflammatory changes in the upper and lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract were detected. Ileocecal reflux disease was combined with various developmental anomalies, accompanied by persistent recurrent abdominal syndrome.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of biopreparations and mineral fertilizers on the yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) under meadow-alluvial soil conditions of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. Various agro-technical treatments were applied to evaluate their impact on plant growth, yield performance, root quality, and soil fertility. The results demonstrated that the combined application of biopreparations and mineral fertilizers increased yield by up to 70%, improved nutrient uptake efficiency, and enhanced soil microbiological activity. Furthermore, economic analysis revealed that the treatment combining biopreparations with 50% NPK is the most optimal and cost-effective agro-technology.

Myocardial infarction and stroke remain among the leading causes of death and permanent disability worldwide [1]. Over the past decade, researchers and physicians have increasingly focused on sleep disorders, which are not only a common consequence of heart attack or stroke but also an independent risk factor for their development [2] and impact rehabilitation and patients' quality of life. Stroke, an acute cerebrovascular accident, often leads to sleep disturbances, including insomnia, hypersomnia, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), and excessive sleepiness caused by damage to the brain structures that regulate the sleep-wake cycle. The prevalence of various forms of insomnia, breathing disorders, and movement disorders in stroke patients reaches 51–75% [3, 4].

Acute obstructive pulmonary disease (AOPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by systemic inflammation and precipitating factors. Increasing the effectiveness of treatment with erythropoietin and enteral iron supplements. The prevalence of AOPD is increasing worldwide due to rising smoking rates and declining mortality from infectious diseases. In some regions, the widespread use of biofuels, such as wood, grass, and other organic materials, also contributes to the spread of AOPD. Mortality rates from COPD may be higher in countries with poorer health care than in countries with better health care. COPD is estimated to cause 4.3 million deaths worldwide in 2024, making it the third leading cause of death worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic poses a particular threat to patients with AOPD. The mortality rate among patients with AOPD and COVID-19 was 16% compared to patients without AOPD.

The interaction between the immune and hemostatic systems is currently of great scientific interest to many. Over the past decade, new data have been obtained on their synergistic effect in various diseases, leading to the coining of the term "immunothrombosis." Inflammatory and thrombotic factors have the ability to activate and enhance each other. Platelets, the cellular effectors of the body's antimicrobial defense, play a special role in these processes. These cells are the first to respond to a pathogen after it enters the bloodstream. Platelet activation ensures direct destruction of pathogens, recruitment of immune cells, formation of primary thrombi to prevent the spread of infection, and initiation of the blood coagulation system. However, if activation continues, microthrombosis can become uncontrollable and irreversible. Platelet dysfunction may be associated with a hyperreactive response to infection and disease severity. Taken together, endothelial damage enhances hypercoagulability and inflammatory responses, and increases the risk of systemic inflammatory processes. This review examines the existing data on the role of platelets in the pathogenesis of infectious and inflammatory lung diseases, including destructive ones.

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the relationship between the chemical structure and biological activity of alkaloids. In particular, the role of heterocyclic ring systems, the presence of nitrogen atoms, functional group distribution, and stereochemical configuration in determining pharmacological mechanisms is scientifically examined. Furthermore, based on the structure–activity relationship (SAR) concept, the interaction of alkaloids with biological receptors, their pharmacokinetic properties, and their therapeutic applications are discussed. The study concludes that the molecular structure of alkaloids serves as a key determinant of their biological efficacy and pharmacological potential.

Nephrolithiasis is a multifactorial (polyetiological) disorder characterized by the formation of urinary calculi resulting from the crystallization of mineral salts within the urinary tract. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of its etiology and pathogenesis, as well as the key risk factors contributing to disease development. Furthermore, it reviews contemporary pharmacological approaches employed in the management of nephrolithiasis.

Glycyrrhetinic acid is a biologically active triterpenoid compound, and one of the main factors limiting its practical application is its poor water solubility. In this study, an inclusion complex based on glycyrrhetinic acid and β-cyclodextrin was synthesized. The complex was prepared by the solution method at a 1:1 molar ratio and isolated by vacuum filtration and lyophilization. The obtained product was a whitish powder with a yield of 88.02%. Complex formation was comparatively studied against the mechanical mixture using IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. The studies revealed changes in functional group vibrations, crystal structure, and thermal properties, confirming the formation of a supramolecular compound as a result of the inclusion of glycyrrhetinic acid molecules into the cavity of β-cyclodextrin.

The article presents the results of a preventive medical examination of schoolchildren in Karauzak district of the Republic of Karakalpakstan - a region with an unfavorable environmental situation. The prevalence and structure of diseases among schoolchildren at School No. 32 were assessed. 54 schoolchildren aged 7-17 years were examined using clinical, laboratory, and radiological methods. It has been established that 94.4% of children have various diseases, the most common of which are anemia, dental disorders, respiratory diseases, endemic goiter, and parasitic invasions. The identified results emphasize the need for comprehensive sanitary-preventive and social measures aimed at improving the health of the region's children.

This article analyzes the modern clinical course of rickets in children, including its etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and preventive measures. First of all, the main factors contributing to the development of rickets, such as vitamin D deficiency, inadequate nutrition, insufficient sunlight exposure, and metabolic disorders, are examined. Furthermore, the clinical stages of the disease, modern diagnostic methods, and treatment principles are discussed from the perspective of contemporary pediatrics. The study highlights that early diagnosis and timely preventive measures play a crucial role in maintaining children's health and preventing severe complications associated with rickets.