CHILDHOOD AUTISM: CURRENT INSIGHTS INTO PATHOGENESIS AND NEUROLOGICAL COMORBIDITY
Keywords:
Autism spectrum disorder, ASD, pathogenesis, genetic factors, neurodevelopment, neuroinflammation, neurological comorbidity, epilepsy, sensory processing disorder, sleep disturbances, gut-brain axis, early intervention, pediatric neurology, neuroimaging, immune dysfunction.Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental conditions with increasing prevalence worldwide. This review aims to summarize the latest data on the multifactorial pathogenesis of ASD, with emphasis on genetic, neuroimmune, and environmental influences. Additionally, the article explores the wide spectrum of neurological comorbidities often observed in children with ASD, such as epilepsy, sensory processing disorders, motor dysfunction, and sleep disturbances. Modern trends in therapeutic strategies and the importance of early, multidisciplinary intervention are also discussed. The review highlights the need for continued research into biomarkers and personalized approaches to autism treatment.
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