STANDARDS FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN CHILDREN IN OUTPATIENT SETTINGS
;
Pediatrics, Respiratory Diseases, Outpatient Care, Diagnosis, Treatment Standards, Childhood Infections, Pulmonary Health, Clinical Guidelines, Pediatric Asthma, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, Ambulatory Pediatrics.Abstrak
Respiratory diseases remain among the leading causes of morbidity in the pediatric population worldwide. In outpatient settings, timely diagnosis and appropriate management of these conditions are crucial to reduce the burden on healthcare systems, prevent complications, and ensure optimal child health outcomes. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of current international and national standards for diagnosing and treating respiratory diseases in children in ambulatory settings.
Iqtiboslar
World Health Organization. Pocket Book of Primary Health Care for Children and Adolescents. WHO; 2021.
American Academy of Pediatrics. Red Book: 2021 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 32nd ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: AAP; 2021.
Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. Updated 2022. Available at: https://ginasthma.org
British Thoracic Society. BTS Guidelines for the Management of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Children. Thorax. 2020;75(Suppl 2):ii1–ii50.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV). Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/index.html
Esposito S, Principi N. Unsolved problems in the approach to pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2012;25(3):286–291.
Lodha R, Kabra SK. Management of community-acquired pneumonia in children. Indian J Pediatr. 2021;88(5):419–426.
Zar HJ, Ferkol TW. The global burden of respiratory disease—impact on child health. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014;49(5):430–434.
Kuehni CE, Strippoli MPF, Low N, Silverman M. Asthma in young children: prevalence, severity, and frequency of clinical diagnosis. Eur Respir J. 2006;28(4):768–774.
UNICEF. The State of the World’s Children 2023: For Every Child, Every Right. New York: United Nations Children’s Fund; 2023.
