Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences

Our work highlights aspects of the clinical and diagnostic values ​​of assessing carnitine metabolism indices in cardiomyopathies in children based on literature data.

This article focuses on research aimed at improving the treatment of enamel hypoplasia in children caused by hormonal drugs during pregnancy.  Measures to determine the clinical and functional characteristics of the specific course of diseases that develop in children as a result of hormonal drugs during pregnancy are presented in modern dentistry.

Мақолада клозапин дори моддасининг терапевтик ва заҳарлилик хоссалари адабиётларда келтирилган маълумотлар бўйича ўрганилди. Шунингдек, клозапин дори моддасини биологик объектлар таркибидан заҳарли моддаларни ажратиб олишнинг умумий усуллари ёрдамида ажратиб олинди ва ажратмалар ёт моддалардан ЮҚХ усулида тозаланиб аввал ишлаб чиқилган УБ-спектрофотометрик усул ёрдамида сифат ва миқдорий таҳлили амалга оширилди ҳамда натижалар қиёсий ўрганилди.

The article is devoted to the actual problem of modern dentistry: the clinical course and diagnosis of trophic ulcers of the oral mucosa in post-COVID patients. According to various authors, in patients who have undergone COVID-19, there are numerous complications in the oral cavity in the form of hemorrhagic manifestations, angular cheilitis, candidiasis, pigmentation, and trophic ulcers (Khabadze Z.S., et al., 2020). The task of the dentist is to timely diagnose dental manifestations in patients who have had a coronavirus infection and choose the most adapted algorithm for their treatment, depending on the clinical manifestations in the oral cavity.

Reactive arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease of the joints that occurs as a response to infections in other body parts. The main factors that influence its development and course include infectious agents such as chlamydia and salmonella, genetic predisposition (eg, the presence of the HLA-B27 gene), gender, age, immune system status, lifestyle, stress level, comorbidities, drug-induced infections, and environmental factors. The impact of lifestyle on the course of the disease is also discussed, including aspects of proper nutrition, physical activity, stress management, and avoiding harmful habits. Understanding these factors is key to early diagnosis, prevention, and effective management of reactive arthritis, which can significantly improve the quality of life of patients.

Periodontal pathology is one of the most common problems in modern dentistry, which is a serious medical and social problem all over the world. At the same time, the diagnosis and treatment of this disease is one of the most difficult problems of dentistry, since for many years the issues of etiology, pathogenesis and even the name of the disease have remained controversial, which has given rise to many classifications. It is known that any chronic disease is the final stage of a prolonged pathophysiological process that has arisen in the body under the influence of adverse factors that have a direct or indirect effect on the development of the disease. This article provides an overview of the data of domestic and foreign literature on the main etiological factors of periodontal diseases, as well as the mechanisms of their development from the point of view of modern dentistry.

Gepatit A virusi Markaziy Osiyoda, ayniqsa, bolalar orasida keng tarqalgan bo`lib, ushbu virus jigarning yallig`lanishiga olib kelishi mumkin va Jahon sog'liqni saqlash tashkiloti (JSST) ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, Markaziy Osiyoda bolalar orasida gepatit A ning tarqalishi boshqa turdagi gepatit bilan kasallangan barcha holatlarning taxminan 90 foizini tashkil qiladi. O‘zbekiston gepatit A ning endemik jihatidan o‘rta hududlarga kiradi, biroq ayrim hududlarda kasallanish darajasi sezilarli darajada farq qiladi va mamlakatning turli hududlarida 100 ming aholiga 9 tadan 210 tagacha to‘g‘ri keladi. Maqolada gepatit A qo‘zg‘atuvchisi – virusning va gepatit A epidemiologiyasining xususiyatlari atroflicha yoritilgan, Farg‘ona viloyatining ayrim hududlarida gepatit A ning tarqalishi o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, kasallikni kamaytirish uchun gepatit A ga qarshi emlashni milliy profilaktik emlashlar taqvimiga kiritish zarurligini asoslaydi.

Musculoskeletal disorders and diseases are more than 150 health disorders affecting the musculoskeletal system. They vary widely: from acute and short-term phenomena - fractures, sprains and dislocations - to lifelong disorders accompanied by a constant decrease in functional capabilities and disability. Musculoskeletal disorders and diseases are usually characterized by pain (often permanent), decreased mobility, deterioration of motor skills and functional capabilities in general, which limits a person's ability to work.

O‘zbekiston Respublikasida tibbiyot amaliyotida qo‘llash uchun ruxsat etilgan dori vositalarining soni, 2024-yil sentabr holatiga ko‘ra, 9703 tani tashkil etadi. Shulardan 2966 tasi mahalliy ishlab chiqaruvchilar, 1459 tasi MDH davlatlari va 5178 tasi xorijiy davlatlari hissasiga to’g’ri keladi. Surgi vositalari esa dorilar assortimentining atigi 66 tasini (dorilar umumiy sonining 0,68%) tashkil etib, shulardan 42 tasi (64% atrofida) mahalliy ishlab chiqaruvchilar, 8 tasi MDH davlatlari va 16 tasi xorijiy davlatlari hissasiga to’g’ri keladi. Ushbu maqolada surgi vositalarining xalqaro nomlari, dori shakllari, dozalari, ishlab chiqaruvchilari va dori vositalarini tarqatish shartlari bo'yicha kontent tahlil natijalari keltirilgan.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) as a primary treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and its expanding role in managing various sinonasal and skull base pathologies. It explores the clinical significance of FESS, the indications, contraindications, and stepwise surgical techniques. Key insights into the anatomy, equipment requirements, and common complications, such as orbital and skull-base injuries, are discussed. The article emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration with specialists, including neurosurgeons, oncologists, and ophthalmologists, as well as the essential role of postoperative care in preventing recurrence and improving patient outcomes. By combining advanced imaging, navigation, and careful surgical technique, FESS offers improved safety and efficacy for patients with CRS and related conditions.

The technique of quantitative determination of dihydroatisine hydrochloride substance by UV-visible spectrophotometry was developed. The validation parameters of the method were determined. The method meets the requirements to the methods of analysis of pharmaceutical substances.

The regulation of iodination and the binding patterns of iodine to full-fat soybean meal were established experimentally. It is proposed to combine the iodization process with the soybean meal hydration process directly in the process stream.

This article analyzes the classification of various forms of scoliosis. Indications and contraindications for surgical methods of treating scoliotic disease in children and adolescents are determined.

Cervical cancer most commonly develops not in healthy mucosal tissue but in areas of transformation. These transformations are known as precancerous changes. While these changes do not automatically progress to malignant tumors, under certain conditions, they can contribute to the development of oncological pathology. Precancerous conditions of varying severity occur in 25-40% of women aged 30-50 years. These conditions usually do not have specific symptoms and are often detected incidentally during preventive examinations or visits to a gynecologist for other reasons. To reduce the risk of cancer development, it is essential to treat precancerous conditions.

This article presents the results of research aimed at selecting the optimal composition and developing the technology of nevirapine capsules with antiretroviral action. For this purpose, model capsules were developed using various fillers and auxiliary substances acting as disintegrators, and they were evaluated based on pharmaco-technological indicators. It has been proven that it is advisable to use a mixture of lactose and microcrystalline cellulose, a mixture of crospovidone and aerosil as a filler, an antifriction agent - magnesium stearate, and a moisturizing agent - purified water. Based on the selected composition, the technology of nevirapine capsules was developed and tested in industrial conditions at the local pharmaceutical manufacturer JV LLC “Samarkand-England Eco-Medical”.

SHA in children is a fairly common condition. The frequency of their detection during echocardiographic examination among children and adolescents ranges from 39.0 to 68.9%. The ability to recognize abnormalities in the development of the heart at an early age of children and assess their clinical significance will help to avoid diagnostic misconceptions, timely carry out complexes of therapeutic and rehabilitation measures.

The article presents new data on the prevalence and diagnostic criteria of irritable bowel syndrome in children. The main objective of our study was to analyze the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) among children and assess the risk factors for IBS development. During 2023-2024, the types of IBS and symptoms confirming it were analyzed in children treated in the gastroenterology department of the regional multidisciplinary children's medical center based on the Rome IV criteria. Accordingly, out of 228 children aged 4 to 16 years who sought treatment in the emergency department of the regional multidisciplinary children's medical center with abdominal pain, after examination by a gastroenterologist and a special examination, 102 children were diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome. According to the Rome IV criteria, most of the surveyed children had a predominance of IBS-3 (constipation) type, its highest frequency corresponded to the autumn-winter season.

The problem of lecture classes for students of higher educational institutions is considered, using modern educational technologies. It is shown that the interactive method of conducting lecture classes developed by the authors - "game logical associations" is a new pedagogical technology of teaching, which improves the process of cognitive activity, ensures an effective process of assimilation of knowledge by students.

Perfusion multislice computed tomography (PMDCT) of the brain is used in surgery of combined lesions of coronary and carotid arteries for diagnosis and evaluation of cerebral circulation. This method allows to reveal the severity of steno-occlusive lesions of brachiocephalic arteries and provides important information for the development of surgical tactics. In our experience of using PMDCT, we noted its significance in early diagnosis and monitoring of patients with acute and chronic cerebral circulatory disorders, as well as in planning surgical intervention.

Modern regenerative therapy is used to treat osteoarthritis of the knee joint. 85 patients treated with OA were followed up, who were divided into 2 groups: 45 patients (52.9%) from group A received 2 PRP injections, while 40 (47.1%) patients from group B received 4 injections. During clinical examination and X-ray examination, all patients were diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis of 2-3 degrees. The results were studied on the VASH scale and the WOMAC index. It was found that PRP injections performed 4 times have the best clinical efficacy.