EARLY DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES IN GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY: AN ANALYTICAL REVIEW

Abstract

Gynecologic cancers, including cervical, ovarian, endometrial, vulvar, and vaginal malignancies, represent a major global health burden among women. Early detection and timely intervention are critical to improving survival rates and quality of life. This paper analyzes current approaches to early diagnosis, treatment modalities, and preventive strategies in gynecologic oncology. Screening programs such as Pap smear and HPV testing remain the gold standard for cervical cancer detection, while imaging techniques and biomarker research are expanding opportunities for early ovarian and endometrial cancer identification. Treatment strategies range from surgery and radiotherapy to targeted therapy and immunotherapy, with personalized medicine gaining increasing relevance. Preventive measures, including HPV vaccination, genetic counseling, and lifestyle modifications, are crucial in reducing the incidence of these malignancies. The analysis underscores the need for multidisciplinary management, patient education, and health policy interventions to enhance outcomes