ПРОФИЛАКТИКА И ДИАГНОСТИКА ОСТЕОПАРОЗА У ЖЕНЩИН В ПОСТМЕНОПАУЗЕ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
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Остеопороз, постменопауза, дефицит эстрогенов, позвонковой кости, костный ткань.Abstrak
Остеопороз у женщин в постменопаузе является результатом увеличения возраста и дефицита эстрогенов, 75% и более потери костной ткани у женщин в течение первых 15 лет после менопаузы является проявлением дефицита эстрогенов в большей степени, чем старение. В течение первых 20 лет после прекращения секреции эстрогенов яичниками постменопаузальный остеопороз приводит к 50% уменьшению трабекулярной кости и 30% потере кортикальный костной ткани. Особенно уязвимы позвонковые кости, поскольку трабекулярные кости тел позвонков метаболически активны и в ответ на дефицит эстрогенов значительно уменшаются в количестве. Масса позвонковой кости значительно уменьшается у женщин в перименопаузе и ранней постменопаузе, когда происходит повышение ФСГ и снижение уровня эстрогенов, при этом потерия костной ткани лучевой кости не определяется, как минимум, год после менопаузы.
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