THE SPECIFICS OF THE INTESTINAL MICROFLORA AND THE RELEVANCE OF IMPROVING THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA IN STROKE PATIENTS

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Abstrak:

The gut microbiota and its connection to different neurological conditions have been the subject of an increasing number of investigations.  In addition to having a significant influence on blood pressure, blood glucose, and atherosclerosis—all risk factors for ischemic stroke—the gut microbiota can also have an impact on the body's metabolic state.  In order to provide new concepts for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke, we compiled research on the physiological role of the gut microbiota and gut microbiota disorders associated with the central nervous system in this review. The gastrointestinal tract hosts complex microbial communities, the largest pool of immune cells, and forms a bidirectional regulation brain-gut axis with the brain. Recent experimental and clinical studies have highlighted the significance of the relationship between the intestinal microenvironment and stroke.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

##submission.citations##:

Wang J, Zhang H, He J, Xiong X. The Role of the Gut Microbiota in the Development of Ischemic Stroke. Front Immunol. 2022 Mar 28;13:845243. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.845243.

Zhao L, Xiao J, Li S, Guo Y, Fu R, Hua S, Du Y, Xu S. The interaction between intestinal microenvironment and stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2023 Jun;29 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):185-199. doi: 10.1111/cns.14275.

Chen, YZ., Huang, ZY., Zhou, WW. et al. Uncovering the characteristics of the gut microbiota in patients with ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Sci Rep 14, 11776 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-62606-x

Lin, H. et al. Integrated analysis of the cecal microbiome and plasma metabolomics to explore NaoMaiTong and its potential role in changing the intestinal flora and their metabolites in ischemic stroke. Front. Pharmacol. 12, 773722 (2022).

Zhang, Y. et al. Bacteroides species differentially modulate depression-like behavior via gut-brain metabolic signaling. Brain Behav. Immun 102, 11–22 (2022).

Gomez-Nguyen, A. et al. Parabacteroides distasonis induces depressive-like behavior in a mouse model of Crohn’s disease. Brain Behav. Immun. 98, 245–250 (2021).

Wu, W. et al. Integrated 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-MS analysis revealed the interplay between gut microbiota and plasma metabolites in rats with ischemic stroke. J. Mol. Neurosci. 71, 2095–2106 (2021).

Zhou, Y. et al. The role of the indoles in microbiota-gut-brain axis and potential therapeutic targets: A focus on human neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. Neuropharmacology 239, 109690 (2023).

Li, N. et al. Change of intestinal microbiota in cerebral ischemic stroke patients. BMC Microbiol. 19, 1–8 (2019).

Al Bataineh, M. T. et al. Altered composition of the oral microbiota in depression among cigarette smokers: A pilot study. Front. Psychiatry 13, 1491 (2022).

Simpson, C. A. et al. Oral microbiome composition, but not diversity, is associated with adolescent anxiety and depression symptoms. Physiol. Behav. 226, 113126 (2020).

Wingfield, B. et al. Variations in the oral microbiome are associated with depression in young adults. Sci. Rep. 11(1), 15009 (2021).

Wingfield, B. et al. Variations in the oral microbiome are associated with depression in young adults. Sci. Rep. 11(1), 15009 (2021).

Mirsepasi-Lauridsen, H. C. et al. Escherichia coli pathobionts associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00060-18 (2019).

Zhang, M. et al. Mechanistic basis and preliminary practice of butyric acid and butyrate sodium to mitigate gut inflammatory diseases: a comprehensive review. Nutr. Res. 95, 1–18 (2021).

Chen, S. et al. Expression and clinical significance of short-chain fatty acids in pregnancy complications. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 12, 1071029 (2023).

Fan, Z. et al. Fusobacterium nucleatum and its associated systemic diseases: epidemiologic studies and possible mechanisms. J. Oral Microbiol. 15(1), 2145729 (2023).

Wu, J., Li, Q. & Fu, X. Fusobacterium nucleatum contributes to the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer by inducing inflammation and suppressing host immunity. Transl. Oncol. 12(6), 846–851 (2019).

Wiredu Ocansey, D. K. et al. The diagnostic and prognostic potential of gut bacteria in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut Microbes 15(1), 2176118 (2023).

Huang, A. et al. Gut microbiome plays a vital role in post-stroke injury repair by mediating neuroinflammation. Int. Immunopharmacol. 118, 110126 (2023).

Battaglini, D. et al. Gut microbiota in acute ischemic stroke: from pathophysiology to therapeutic implications. Front. Neurol. 11, 598 (2020).

Zhang, W., Dong, X. Y. & Huang, R. Gut microbiota in ischemic stroke: Role of gut bacteria-derived metabolites. Transl. Stroke Res. 14(6), 811–828 (2023).