GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO REDUCE THE INCIDENCE OF CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS IN CHILDREN
Article Sidebar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Main Article Content
Abstract:
Environmental pollution has emerged as one of the most critical determinants of global health, particularly affecting maternal and fetal outcomes. In recent decades, the increasing incidence of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in newborns has been strongly associated with environmental risk factors such as air pollution, exposure to heavy metals, pesticides, and maternal lifestyle changes. This paper investigates the relationship between environmental determinants and the pathogenesis of CHDs, emphasizing the growing burden in developing countries. The study reviews international and national data, identifying gaps in environmental health regulation and maternal healthcare policies. Preventive measures—including enhanced air quality control, maternal health education, and prenatal screening—are discussed as essential components of an integrated global strategy. The findings underline the urgent need for intersectoral collaboration between environmental, public health, and policy-making institutions to protect future generations from environmentally induced congenital heart diseases.
Article Details
How to Cite:
References:
Вопросы медико-социальной помощи детям инвалидам/ГА Джалилова, ШБ
Низамходжаева, ШТ Мирзаева//Міжнародний науковий журнал" Інтернаука". 2017.-№ 1 (http://www.irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?)
ГА Асадова, СК Назарова, ГА Джалилова - // Охрана здоровья детей Учебное пособие, 2022 (https://www.cawater-info.net/bk/improvement-irrigated-agriculture/)
Gulchehra Djalilova, Mukhabbat Fayziyeva, Nazarova Salima, Mirzaeva Nodira, Navruzova Rano //Ecology and Congenital Malformations (https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS1.4775 )
ГА Джалилова, НФ Расулова, НС Мухамедова// Охрана материнства и детства в республике Узбекистан Science and innovation 2 (Special Issue 8), 1971-1974 (https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=ru&user=46D2zZ0AAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80&citation_for_view=46D2zZ0AAAAJ:YFjsv_pBGBYC)
G Djalilova, N Rasulova, S Salimova // Illness in children and their delay in physical development Science and innovation 2 (D11), 197-199 (https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=ru&user=46D2zZ0AAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80&citation_for_view=46D2zZ0AAAAJ:RGFaLdJalmkC)
G Jalilova, N Rasulova, N Muhamedova// Characteristics of treatmentf coronavirus infection in children, Инновационные подходы в современной науке, 65-68 (https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=ru&user=46D2zZ0AAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80&citation_for_view=46D2zZ0AAAAJ:iH-uZ7U-co4C)
World Health Organization. (2023). Congenital heart defects: Global epidemiology and prevention strategies. WHO Publications. https://www.who.int
Hoffman, J. I. E., & Kaplan, S. (2020). The incidence of congenital heart disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 75(3), 301–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.01.010
Zhang, Y., Xu, C., & Zhao, L. (2021). Environmental pollution and congenital heart defects: a systematic review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(21), 26455–26468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13457-7
Wang, J., Chen, X., & Li, H. (2022). Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and the risk of congenital heart disease: a meta-analysis. Environmental Health, 21(1), 64. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00861-3
Liu, Y., Wang, Z., & Chen, J. (2023). Heavy metal exposure and cardiovascular malformations in newborns: mechanisms and epidemiological evidence. Frontiers in Environmental Health, 1, 112–126. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvh.2023.01012
Rahman, M., & Ahmed, S. (2021). Maternal lifestyle and environmental factors influencing congenital heart defects: A review of recent studies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24), 13120. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413120