ENDOKRIN TIZIMINING BUZILISH MEXANIZMLARDA STRESNING ROLI
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Stress, gipotalamus–gipofiz–buyrak usti o‘qi, sitokinlar.Abstrak
RStress zamonaviy hayotda inson salomatligiga ta’sir qiluvchi eng muhim global muammolardan biri hisoblanadi. Hayot sur’atining tezlashuvi, ijtimoiy va axborot yuklamaning ortishi natijasida stress inson hayotining ajralmas qismiga aylanmoqda. Ayniqsa, o‘rta yoshdagi insonlarda stress darajasi yuqori bo‘lib, u nafaqat ruhiy, balki umumiy somatik holatga ham salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Fiziologik jihatdan stress — bu organizmning turli omillarga nisbatan nospetsifik javobi bo‘lib, u Gans Selye tomonidan ta’riflangan umumiy adaptatsiya sindromi (xavotir, qarshilik va charchash bosqichlari) orqali namoyon bo‘ladi. Stress reaksiyasida gipotalamo-gipofizar-buyrak usti (HPA) tizimi va simpatoadrenal tizim muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Ushbu tizimlar faollashganda adrenalin, noradrenalin va ayniqsa kortizol ajraladi. Kortizol organizmning stressga moslashuvida markaziy ahamiyatga ega bo‘lib, moddalar almashinuvini boshqaradi va homeostazni saqlaydi. O‘tkir stressda bu jarayon moslashuvni kuchaytiradi, biroq surunkali stressda tizim disfunktsiyasi yuzaga kelib, kortizolning uzoq vaqt yuqori darajada bo‘lishi metabolik buzilishlar va gormonal nomutanosiblikka olib keladi. Shu sababli stress va endokrin tizim o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlikni o‘rganish zamonaviy tibbiyotning dolzarb yo‘nalishlaridan biri hisoblanadi
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