Yevrosiyo tibbiyot va tabiiy fanlar jurnali

Dental deposits, including plaque and calculus, are common issues that can lead to a host of oral health problems, including gum disease, tooth decay, and halitosis. Professional oral hygiene, which encompasses methods for the removal of these deposits, is essential in maintaining optimal oral health and preventing dental complications. Various techniques and instruments are employed by dental professionals to effectively remove these deposits, including scaling, polishing, and the use of ultrasonic devices. Understanding the effectiveness of these methods is crucial for improving dental hygiene practices and enhancing patient outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various methods of removing dental deposits during professional oral hygiene, comparing traditional techniques with modern advancements in dental care.

Xerostomia, or dry mouth, is a common and often underestimated clinical condition that can significantly impair patients' quality of life. This condition can be associated with various diseases, as well as with the negative effects of medications used to treat them. This is especially important for patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system, as many of them receive medications that can cause changes in salivation. Symptoms of xerostomia include discomfort, difficulty swallowing and speaking, and an increased risk of dental disease. Despite the significant impact of xerostomia on the health of patients, the issues of its assessment and management remain insufficiently investigated. management.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. In conditions of multivessel coronary artery disease, the choice of the optimal revascularization strategy becomes a key factor affecting the prognosis and quality of life of patients. Modern methods, including coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), hybrid revascularization and minimally invasive approaches, are actively developing due to technological progress and international clinical research. The presented review analyzes current data from foreign and domestic sources, including the recommendations of ESC/EACTS 2018, the results of major studies (FAME, ISCHEMIA, SYNTAX, EXCEL, ROMA, etc.) and new approaches to individualization of therapy. The issues of assessing anatomical complexity, adequacy of revascularization, choice of shunts and stents, as well as the importance of hemodynamic navigation (FFR/iFR) in making clinical decisions are discussed.

A two-year program of controlled brushing of teeth conducted among junior schoolchildren of secondary schools No. 8 and No. 2 of the Samarkand region, Nurabat river showed high efficiency. There was a decrease in the growth of caries of permanent teeth by an average of 49.5%. There were no significant differences between the effectiveness of remineralizing toothpastes without fluoride, pastes with aminofluoride and sodium fluoride in this study. When comparing the data obtained with the results of a similar program that covered a much larger number of primary school children, a similar tendency to decrease the increase in caries of permanent teeth was noted, which allows us to conclude that the results obtained are reliable. However, the anti-carious effect of the same toothpastes in the previously conducted program is somewhat lower - within 32%. This difference is due to the different levels of motivation and discipline of participants in ongoing preventive programs.

Dental deposits, including plaque and calculus, are common issues that can lead to a host of oral health problems, including gum disease, tooth decay, and halitosis. Professional oral hygiene, which encompasses methods for the removal of these deposits, is essential in maintaining optimal oral health and preventing dental complications. Various techniques and instruments are employed by dental professionals to effectively remove these deposits, including scaling, polishing, and the use of ultrasonic devices. Understanding the effectiveness of these methods is crucial for improving dental hygiene practices and enhancing patient outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various methods of removing dental deposits during professional oral hygiene, comparing traditional techniques with modern advancements in dental care.

Меъда-ичак тизимида учрайдиган гастрит, колит, энтероколит меъда ва ўникки бармоқли ичак яралари, яллиғланиши ва бошқа касалликлар ахоли орасида кенг тарқалган. Уларни даволлашда табиий ва синтез йўли билан олинган кўплаб дори воситалари қўлланилади. Ушбу мақолада беморни даволашда, узоқ муддатда истемол қилишга мўлжалланган, самарали таъсир қилувчи, безарар ва арзон бўлган, махаллий доривор ўсимликлар асосида ишлаб чиқилган ва шартли равишда “Бархаёт” деб номланган доривор йиғма ва олинган натижалар баён этилган.

A healthy lifestyle is an important aspect of modern society. One of the main components of such a lifestyle is the hardening of the body, which is a system of measures aimed at increasing the body's resistance to adverse external conditions. Hardening includes a variety of methods and techniques, such as outdoor hardening, water treatments, and physical activity, which helps improve immune system function, performance, and overall health. In the context of modern stress and various diseases, it is important to realize the need to introduce hardening practices into everyday life.

Ushbu tadqiqot ishi mahalliy o’simlik xomashyolari asosida peshob haydovchi va siydik yo’llari kasalliklarida qo’llaniluvchi tindirma texnologiyasini o’rganish hamda uning sifat tahlillarini olib borishga qaratilgan. Mahalliy o’simlik xomashyosi sifatida dala qirqbo’g’imi yer ustki qismi va ko’k bo’tako’z gullari olingan.

Ушбу мақолада ацетилсалицил кислотаси, пантопразол ва кофеинни ўз ичига олган комбинирланган «Ацепанин» капсулаларининг ўткир токсиклигини ўрганиш натижалари келтирилган.

One of the leading symptoms of both endemic goiter and sporadic goiter is an enlarged thyroid gland. Inspection and palpation of the gland area allows you to determine how enlarged the thyroid gland is. According to its location, the scrotum is located in the front of the neck, behind the sternum, and under the hyoid bone.

For a number of illnesses, such as cancer, autoimmune disorders and infectious diseases, the immune system is crucial to the creation of tailored treatment.  Computational immunology, often known as immunoinformatics, is a new field that offers basic approaches for studying immunomics, or immune-related proteomics and genomes.  A deeper comprehension of immune-related disorders at different systems levels could result from the combination of immunoinformatics and systems biology methodologies. These techniques can support translational research that improves clinical practice by using scientific findings about the immune system. One new medical treatment for breast cancer is vaccination.  Cancer vaccines can be developed to teach the immune system to identify tumor cells by focusing on the tumor antigen. 

Atrof-muhit muammolari butun dunyo bo'ylab millionlab odamlarning sog'lig'iga jiddiy xavf tug'diradi. Ushbu maqolada inson farovonligiga tahdid soluvchi zamonaviy ekologik muammolar, jumladan, havo ifloslanishi, suv ifloslanishi, iqlim o'zgarishi va kimyoviy xavflar ko'rib chiqiladi. Mavjud adabiyotlarni ko'rib chiqish orqali tadqiqot ushbu ekologik muammolarning to'g'ridan-to'g'ri va bilvosita salomatlik oqibatlarini ta'kidlaydi va ularning ta'sirini yumshatish strategiyalarini muhokama qiladi. Samarali siyosat, texnologik yutuqlar va global hamkorlik ushbu muammolarni hal qilish va insoniyatning sog'lom kelajagini ta'minlash uchun juda muhimdir.

Kardiyak reabilitatsiya - bu yurak kasalligi bilan og'rigan bemorlarning funktsional imkoniyatlarini, farovonligini va sog'lig'i bilan bog'liq hayot sifatini yaxshilashga qaratilgan kompleks aralashuv. Muhim dalillar bazasi yurak reabilitatsiyasi o'tkir koronar sindrom yoki yurak etishmovchiligi bo'lgan bemorlarda ejeksiyon fraktsiyasi kamaygan va koronar revaskulyarizatsiyadan keyin klinik jihatdan samarali va tejamkor aralashuv ekanligini tasdiqlaydi. Ushbu sharhda biz yurak reabilitatsiyasining asosiy zamonaviy muammolarini muhokama qilamiz. Ushbu bemorlar guruhlarini yo'naltirish bo'yicha joriy klinik ko'rsatmalardagi kuchli tavsiyalarga qaramay, yurak reabilitatsiyasiga global kirish imkoniyati pastligicha qolmoqda. Pandemiya yurak reabilitatsiyasi imkoniyatlarini yanada qisqartirdi. O'sib borayotgan dalillar, an'anaviy markazga asoslangan dasturlarga alternativ yoki to'ldiruvchi sifatida yurak reabilitatsiyasining uy sharoitida va texnologiyaga asoslangan modellarini qo'llab-quvvatlaydi, ayniqsa, yurak reabilitatsiyasi xizmatlari kamdan-kam uchraydigan va kengaytiriladigan va foydalanish mumkin bo'lgan modellar zudlik bilan talab qilinadigan past va o'rta daromadli mamlakatlarda.

Zamonaviy jamiyatning jadal sanoatlashuvi va urbanizatsiyasi aholi salomatligiga bevosita ta'sir ko'rsatadigan jiddiy ekologik muammolarni keltirib chiqardi. Havoning ifloslanishi, suvning ifloslanishi, iqlim o'zgarishi va xavfli chiqindilarni utilizatsiya qilish kabi muammolar nafas olish yo'llari kasalliklari, saraton va boshqa sog'liq muammolarining ko'payishiga yordam beradi. Ushbu maqola inson salomatligi uchun asosiy ekologik tahdidlarni ko'rib chiqadi, ularning oqibatlarini muhokama qiladi va ushbu xavflarni yumshatish bo'yicha strategik chora-tadbirlarni belgilaydi. Barqaror siyosatni amalga oshirish va jamoatchilik xabardorligini oshirish orqali jamiyatlar ham atrof-muhitning yaxlitligini, ham odamlar farovonligini himoya qilishi mumkin.

Oila shifokorlari birlamchi tibbiy yordam ko‘rsatishda muhim o‘rin tutadi, aholiga qulay va keng qamrovli tibbiy xizmat ko‘rsatadi. O‘zbekistonda aholi salomatligi ko‘rsatkichlarini yaxshilashda oilaviy shifokorlar faoliyati samaradorligini oshirish muhim ahamiyatga ega. Ushbu maqola O‘zbekistondagi birlamchi tibbiy-sanitariya yordami muassasalarida oilaviy shifokorlar faoliyatini optimallashtirish, tibbiy tayyorgarlik, ish yukini taqsimlash va raqamli sog‘liqni saqlash texnologiyalarini integratsiyalash kabi muammolarni hal qilishning asosiy strategiyalarini ko‘rib chiqadi. Maqsadli siyosat islohotlari, salohiyatni oshirish tashabbuslari va bemorga yo'naltirilgan yondashuvlarni amalga oshirish orqali O'zbekiston birlamchi tibbiy yordam tizimi samaradorligini oshirishi mumkin.

The implementation of e-health in the Republic of Uzbekistan represents a significant step toward modernizing the healthcare system and improving access to quality medical services. E-health involves the use of digital technologies to manage and deliver health services, improve healthcare delivery, and ensure better patient outcomes. This article explores the development of e-health initiatives in Uzbekistan, highlighting key policies, challenges, and opportunities for further growth. The integration of electronic health records (EHR), telemedicine, mobile health applications, and the digitalization of medical services are among the main components of e-health in the country. Moreover, the article examines the role of the government, healthcare professionals, and technological advancements in facilitating the successful adoption of e-health solutions. The analysis also addresses the barriers to implementation, including infrastructure limitations, data security concerns, and the need for capacity-building in healthcare personnel. The findings suggest that while progress has been made, continuous investment and collaboration between stakeholders are crucial for the sustainable development of e-health in Uzbekistan.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in HIV infection is one of the most serious and commonly encountered neurological complications in HIV-positive individuals. The human immunodeficiency virus can penetrate nervous system cells at the early stages of infection, leading to a wide range of clinical manifestations—from mild cognitive impairment to severe dementia, as well as opportunistic infections and malignancies. The most common CNS-related conditions associated with HIV include HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), cerebral toxoplasmosis, cryptococcal meningitis, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Early diagnosis and timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) play a crucial role in the prevention and management of these conditions. This paper discusses the main clinical forms, mechanisms of CNS involvement, diagnostic methods, and current treatment strategies for neurological complications of HIV infection.

Iqlim o'zgarishi va global isish butun dunyo bo'ylab aholi salomatligi uchun jiddiy xavf tug'dirmoqda. Haroratning ko'tarilishi, ekstremal ob-havo hodisalari chastotasining ortishi va kasallik shakllarining o'zgarishi sog'liqni saqlash tizimlariga bosimni oshirdi. Ushbu hujjat iqlim o'zgarishi va aholi salomatligi o'rtasidagi bog'liqlikni o'rganadi, asosiy xavflarni, zaif aholi guruhlarini va kamaytirish va moslashish strategiyalarini aniqlaydi. So'nggi tadqiqotlar va ilmiy adabiyotlarni o'rganib chiqib, biz atrof-muhit o'zgarishlari yuqumli kasalliklar, nafas olish kasalliklari, issiqlik bilan bog'liq kasalliklar va ruhiy salomatlik muammolariga qanday hissa qo'shishini baholaymiz. Tadqiqot, shuningdek, iqlim bilan bog'liq sog'liq uchun xavflarni yumshatish va barqaror rivojlanishni rag'batlantirish uchun fanlararo hamkorlik va siyosat choralari zarurligini ta'kidlaydi.

Ushbu maqolada aqliy va jismoniy mehnat bilan bog'liq noyob ozuqaviy ehtiyojlar muhokama qilinadi. Unda kognitiv faollik miya faoliyatini qo'llab-quvvatlovchi ozuqa moddalariga bo'lgan ehtiyojni qanday oshirishi, jismoniy faollik esa makronutrientlardan energiya ta'minotini ko'paytirishni talab qiladi. Tadqiqot ish faoliyatini yaxshilash, salomatlikni saqlash va charchoqning oldini olish uchun shaxsiylashtirilgan ovqatlanish muhimligini ta'kidlaydi. Ishning tabiatiga moslashtirilgan muvozanatli ovqatlanish bo'yicha tavsiyalar berilgan bo'lib, ovqatlanishning aqliy va jismoniy ish faoliyatini optimallashtirishdagi rolini ta'kidlaydi.

Oziq moddalar tirik organizmlarning hayotiy funktsiyalari va umumiy salomatligini saqlashda asosiy rol o'ynaydi. Ular energiyaning asosiy manbai, hujayra tuzilmalari uchun qurilish bloklari va tananing o'sishi, ta'mirlanishi va saqlanishi uchun zarur bo'lgan biokimyoviy jarayonlarning regulyatorlari bo'lib xizmat qiladi. Ushbu maqola ozuqa moddalarining, jumladan, makro va mikroelementlarning tasnifini ko'rib chiqadi va ularning metabolizm, immunitet reaktsiyasi va fiziologik tartibga solishdagi o'ziga xos funktsiyalarini ta'kidlaydi. Oziq moddalarni muvozanatli iste'mol qilish muhimligini tushunish ozuqa moddalarining etishmasligini oldini olish va optimal salomatlikni mustahkamlash uchun juda muhimdir. Tadqiqot shuningdek, ozuqa moddalarining nomutanosibligining kasallikning rivojlanishiga ta'sirini o'rganadi va hayot va farovonlikni saqlashda ovqatlanishning muhimligini ta'kidlaydi.

Atmosfera havosining bakterial ifloslanishi, ayniqsa, sog‘liqni saqlash muassasalari, sanoat korxonalari va aholi zich joylashgan shaharlarda jiddiy sog‘liqni saqlash muammosi hisoblanadi. Havodagi bakteriyalar yuqumli kasalliklarning tarqalishiga hissa qo'shishi, ichki havo sifatiga ta'sir qilishi va immuniteti zaif odamlar uchun jiddiy xavf tug'dirishi mumkin. Bakterial ifloslantiruvchi manbalarga inson faoliyati, ventilyatsiya tizimlari, tuproq zarralari va suv tomchilari kiradi. Havodagi bakteriyalar darajasini kuzatish va nazorat qilish respiratorli infektsiyalar tarqalishining oldini olish va kasalxonalar, laboratoriyalar va jamoat binolarida xavfsiz muhitni ta'minlash uchun juda muhimdir. Ushbu maqolada havodagi bakterial ifloslanishning asosiy manbalari, aniqlash va tahlil qilish usullari hamda havoni zararsizlantirish va mikrobial nazoratning joriy strategiyalari muhokama qilinadi

Меҳнатни муҳофаза қилиш тизимининг асосий мақсади меҳнат шароитларида инсоннинг хавфсизлигини таъминлаш, ҳаёти ва соғлиғига хавф солувчи омилларни олдини олиш, иш қобилиятини узоқ вақтга сақлаб қолишдир. Ҳозирги кунда статистик маълумотларига кўра корхоналарда бахтсиз ҳодисалар ва жароҳатланишлар сони кўпайиб, уларнинг асосий сабаби ҳавф омилларни ўз вақтида тўғри баҳоланмаганлиги ва бошқариш тизим йуқлигидадир.  Ҳар бир иш ўрнида зарарли ва хавфли омиллар мажмуаси ишчилар организмига доимий равишда таъсир кўрсатади, шунинг учун хам уларни аниқлаш, баҳолаш ва олдиндан асоратларини белгилаб олиш учун имкон берадиган усулларни татбиқ этиш мухимдир. Мақолада иш ўринларда хавфларни баҳолаш ва бошқаришга ёрдам берадиган усуллар, ёндошув йўллари турли хил мамлакатлар тажрибасидан келиб чиққан холда тавсия этилган. Ишлаб чиқаришда хавф омилларини замонавий усулда аниқлаш, баҳолаш ва бошқариш босқичлари, уларни  амалиётда бажариш  йўллари баён этилган. Ҳар бир усулнинг ўзига хос жиҳатлари ва мақсадлари очиб берилиб, энг самарадор ва натижадор усуллар ажратилиб тавсия этилган.

Сочетанная челюстно-лицевая травма представляет собой серьезную проблему для клиницистов из-за сложности анатомических структур и функциональных нарушений. В статье рассматриваются пути оптимизации диагностики, комплексного лечения и реабилитации пациентов с целью повышения качества их жизни. Особое внимание уделено мультидисциплинарному подходу, своевременному хирургическому вмешательству и использованию современных методов визуализации. Отдельно подчеркивается роль психологической поддержки и длительного наблюдения для достижения полноценного восстановления и социальной адаптации. Полученные результаты подтверждают необходимость индивидуализированных лечебных протоколов, учитывающих как физические, так и психосоциальные аспекты выздоровления

Affective respiratory paroxysms (ARPs) are sudden, involuntary breath-holding spells typically triggered by emotional stimuli in young children, often causing distress for both families and clinicians. Though generally benign, frequent episodes can lead to hypoxia, syncope, and behavioral disturbances. In recent years, non-pharmacological therapies, particularly bioacoustic correction (BAC), have emerged as promising interventions. This article explores the pathophysiology of ARPs, traditional treatment approaches, and the therapeutic potential of bioacoustic correction as a neuromodulatory method to restore autonomic balance and reduce episode frequency. Evidence from clinical studies and neurological theories supporting BAC use is discussed, with a focus on pediatric care.

Multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in patients with comorbid conditions that complicate diagnosis and treatment. This study investigates the clinical manifestations, microbiological characteristics, and treatment outcomes of MDR-TB in patients with associated diseases. A cohort of 120 patients with confirmed MDR-TB was analyzed, of whom 58 had one or more comorbid conditions, including diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), HIV infection, and cardiovascular diseases. The study found that comorbidities altered the clinical presentation of MDR-TB, often leading to atypical radiological patterns and prolonged bacterial persistence. Microbiological analysis revealed higher rates of extensive drug resistance and delayed sputum conversion in patients with comorbidities. Treatment outcomes were less favorable in this group, with increased rates of treatment failure and adverse drug reactions. The findings underscore the need for individualized treatment strategies and integrated care approaches for MDR-TB patients with comorbid conditions to improve clinical outcomes.

Davolanishga rioya qilish o'pka tuberkulyozini (TB) samarali davolashda asosiy omil hisoblanadi. Silga qarshi terapiyaga rioya qilmaslik kasallikning uzoq davom etishiga, dori vositalariga chidamlilik xavfining oshishiga va salbiy klinik natijalarga olib kelishi mumkin. Ushbu tadqiqot o'pka tuberkulyozi bilan og'rigan bemorlarning davolanishga rioya qilish darajasini o'rganadi va rioya qilish xatti-harakatlariga ta'sir qiluvchi asosiy omillarni aniqlaydi. Tuzilmaviy so'rovnomalar va klinik monitoring ma'lumotlari yordamida silga qarshi davolanayotgan 150 nafar bemordan iborat kogorta o'rganildi. Tadqiqot shuni ko'rsatdiki, bemorlarning 68% yuqori, 22% - o'rtacha amal va 10% - past rioya qilish. Giyohvand moddalarning nojo'ya ta'siri, ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy ahvoli, ta'lim darajasi va tibbiy yordam ko'rsatuvchi provayderlar bilan aloqa sifati kabi omillar rioya qilish darajasi bilan sezilarli darajada bog'liq edi. Natijalar davolash natijalarini yaxshilash va sil kasalligi tarqalishini kamaytirish uchun kengaytirilgan maslahat, ijtimoiy qo'llab-quvvatlash va rioya qilish monitoringini o'z ichiga olgan integratsiyalashgan bemorga yo'naltirilgan yondashuvlarning muhimligini ta'kidlaydi.

Mobil aloqa hayotimizga kirib, tezlashdi. Uning rivojlanishi bilan uyali aloqa baza stansiyalari soni ortib bormoqda. Ularning inson salomatligiga ta'siri haqida ko'plab savollar va xavotirlar paydo bo'ladi. Baza stansiyalarining zichligi oshishi elektromagnit tutunga olib keladi, bu esa o'z navbatida kasallanishning oshishiga olib keladi. EMN va zamonaviy tadqiqotlarning xavfliligini hisobga olgan holda, tayanch stansiyalarni o'rnatishda yangi yondashuv zarur.

Разработан  новый  препарат  на  основе  углеродной  структуры  глицерола  под названием  1,3 – дибензилокси-2-глицилоксипропан, который  проявил  себя  как  средство  угнетающее  нервную  систему. В  проведенных  экспериментах  на  белых  мышах  и  белых  крысах, он  проявил  низкую  токсичность, не  проявлял  пирогенного  и  раздражающего  действия  на кожу  животного  организма. Способ  получения  данного  препарата  не  трудоемкий, а  также  степень  очистки  тоже высокая. Представленный  препарат, в  дальнейшем  изучается в  целях  выявления  новых  биологических  свойств, т. е. на гипотензивную, спазмолитическую  и  на  М-холинореактивную  систему

This article presents the results of research aimed at selecting the optimal composition and developing the technology of capsules based on dry extract obtained from walnut leaves. For this purpose, encapsulated masses were prepared using widely used fillers and moisturizing agents, and their pharmaco-technological indicators were evaluated. As a result, it was established that the most optimal filler for a biologically active additive in the form of a capsule containing a dry extract of walnuts as an active substance is a 1:1 ratio of microcrystalline cellulose and aerosil, a moisturizing agent is a 10% starch solution. Based on this composition, the technology of capsules based on dry walnut extract was developed.

Artificial lighting, Plant growth, Closed environments, LED technology, Fluorescent lamps, High-pressure sodium lamps, Photosynthesis, Light spectrum, Blue light, Red light, Far-red light, Phytochrome system, Plant development, Hormone production, Energy efficiency, Vertical farming, Microclonal propagation, Controlled environment agriculture, Light intensity, Spectral composition, Sustainable agriculture, Indoor farming, Plant physiology, Photoperiodism.

Gastrojejunal anastomotic strictures represent a significant complication following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, occurring in 3-27% of patients and substantially impacting quality of life and nutritional status. This comprehensive review examines the etiology, risk factors, prevention strategies, and treatment modalities for anastomotic strictures in bariatric surgery. Understanding the pathophysiology of stricture formation and implementing evidence-based prevention and treatment protocols is essential for optimizing patient outcomes and minimizing long-term complications. Current management approaches include endoscopic balloon dilation, bougie dilation, steroid injection, and surgical revision, with success rates varying from 70-95% depending on stricture characteristics and treatment modality

This study investigates the effect of synthesis temperature on the physicochemical and ion exchange properties of anion exchange resins synthesized from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyvinylamine (PVA). Anion exchangers were prepared by substituting chlorine atoms in PVC with amino groups from PVA under controlled thermal conditions ranging from 20°C to 80°C. The swelling degree, ion exchange capacity, density, and surface morphology of the resulting resins were systematically analyzed using gravimetric analysis, FTIR spectroscopy. Experimental results showed that the substitution reaction efficiency increases with temperature, peaking at 60°C, where the highest swelling capacity of 79.8% was observed. FTIR analysis confirmed successful chemical modification by the appearance of characteristic functional groups such as C=O and C–Cl. The study concludes that 60°C is the optimal temperature for achieving a balance between reactivity and structural stability. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing synthesis parameters for the development of efficient, cost-effective, and thermally stable PVC-PVA-based anion exchangers suitable for environmental and industrial applications.

Острая спаечная тонкокишечная непроходимость (ОСТКН) является одной из наиболее частых форм кишечной непроходимости, представляя значительные трудности в диагностике и выборе хирургической тактики. В статье рассмотрены современные подходы к диагностике ОСТКН, включая мультислайсную компьютерную томографию, ультразвуковое исследование и обзорную рентгенографию. Представлены результаты проспективного рандомизированного исследования 218 пациентов, проведена сравнительная оценка эффективности лапароскопического и лапаротомного адгезиолизиса. Впервые обсуждается использование биохимических маркеров, включая определение уровня оксипролина в плазме крови и моче, как дополнительного критерия для оценки степени фиброзного процесса. Сделан акцент на целесообразности применения малоинвазивных методов как диагностического, так и лечебного этапов.

Рак желудка является одним из онкологических заболеваний с высокой смертностью в глобальном масштабе, а его трудно диагностируемые формы создают серьезные проблемы в клинической практике. Данная статья исследует клинические и морфологические особенности, а также прогноз таких форм, как диффузная аденокарцинома, перстневидно-клеточная карцинома и линитис пластика, на основе анализа литературы. В исследовании установлено, что из-за неспецифических клинических признаков, таких как эпигастральная боль, диспепсия и потеря веса, диагностика этих форм часто запаздывает.

Ushbu maqolada giperglikemik sharoitda erkak jinsiy a’zolari, xususan urug’ pufakchalari va prostata bezida yuzaga keladigan morfologik o‘zgarishlar ilmiy adabiyotlar asosida tahlil qilinadi. Giperglikemiya holatlari, ayniqsa qandli diabet bilan bog‘liq bo‘lgan hiperglikemik sharoit, reproduktiv tizimning to‘qimalarida sezilarli darajada degenerativ o‘zgarishlarga sabab bo‘ladi. Mazkur maqolada turli ilmiy tajribalarda kuzatilgan gistologik o‘zgarishlar, prostata va urug‘ pufakchalari epiteliysining holati, hamda bunday salbiy ta’sirlarni kamaytiruvchi tabiiy vositalar (o‘simlik ekstraktlari) haqida ilmiy ma’lumotlar tahlil qilingan.

Данный обзор обобщает современные данные (2018-2024 гг.) по воспалительным заболеваниям органов малого таза (ВЗОМТ) у женщин репродуктивного возраста. Основные возбудители – Chlamydia trachomatis (20-40%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (10-20%) и Mycoplasma genitalium (до 25%). Диагностика основана на клинических критериях (CDC), NAAT-тестах и УЗИ. Эмпирическое лечение включает цефтриаксон, доксициклин ± метронидазол, но осложняется ростом резистентности. Отдаленные последствия тяжелы: бесплодие (до 40% после 3 эпизодов), внематочная беременность (риск ↑в 6-10 раз), хроническая тазовая боль (15-30%). Ключевые меры профилактики – скрининг на ИППП и лечение партнеров. Ранняя диагностика и адекватная терапия критически важны для сохранения репродуктивного здоровья.

Данный обзор обобщает современные данные (2018-2024 гг.) по воспалительным заболеваниям органов малого таза (ВЗОМТ) у женщин репродуктивного возраста. Основные возбудители – Chlamydia trachomatis (20-40%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (10-20%) и Mycoplasma genitalium (до 25%). Диагностика основана на клинических критериях (CDC), NAAT-тестах и УЗИ. Эмпирическое лечение включает цефтриаксон, доксициклин ± метронидазол, но осложняется ростом резистентности. Отдаленные последствия тяжелы: бесплодие (до 40% после 3 эпизодов), внематочная беременность (риск ↑в 6-10 раз), хроническая тазовая боль (15-30%). Ключевые меры профилактики – скрининг на ИППП и лечение партнеров. Ранняя диагностика и адекватная терапия критически важны для сохранения репродуктивного здоровья.

Маловодие (олигоhydramnios) — одно из важных акушерских осложнений, характеризующееся снижением объема амниотической жидкости, что может негативно влиять на течение беременности и перинатальные исходы. В статье представлены современные данные о причинах и последствиях маловодия, основанные на анализе литературы и региональных статистических данных всего мира, а также Республики Узбекистан. Обсуждаются этиологические факторы, диагностические критерии, а также влияние маловодия на состояние плода и исходы беременности. Цель исследования - выявить особенности распространенности маловодия и его клинического течения в разных регионах, а также обосновать необходимость оптимизации тактики ведения беременных с данным осложнением.

The article presents information on the bioecological characteristics of the plant Bidens frondosa L., including its botanical description, taxonomic position, medicinal properties, and chemical composition that determines its pharmacological activity.

Pnevmoniya besh yoshgacha bo'lgan bolalar o'limining asosiy sabablaridan biri bo'lib qolmoqda, ayniqsa past va o'rta daromadli mamlakatlarda. Tibbiyot fanidagi sezilarli yutuqlarga qaramay, kech tashxis qo'yish va samarali profilaktika choralarining etishmasligi uning global yukini kamaytirishga to'sqinlik qilmoqda. Ushbu sog'liqni saqlash muammosini hal qilish uchun zamonaviy yondashuvlar, jumladan, ilg'or diagnostika texnologiyalari, raqamli sog'liqni saqlash vositalari, emlashning yaxshilangan qamrovi va sog'liqni saqlashning integratsiyalashgan strategiyalari tobora ko'proq foydalanilmoqda. Ushbu maqolada klinik yangiliklar, sun'iy intellekt ilovalari va sog'liqni saqlash strategiyalariga e'tibor qaratilib, bolalar pnevmoniyasini erta aniqlash va oldini olish bo'yicha so'nggi ishlanmalar ko'rib chiqiladi. Resurs cheklangan sharoitlarda ushbu yondashuvlarni qanday moslashtirish va qo'llash mumkinligiga alohida e'tibor beriladi