EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS IN TEMPERATE CLIMATES
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Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a neuroinvasive viral infection caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), primarily transmitted through the bite of infected Ixodes ticks in temperate regions. The global incidence of TBE has been increasing, a trend closely linked to environmental transformations, climate change, and evolving human behaviors. This upsurge underscores the growing public health importance of TBE, particularly in endemic regions of Europe and Asia. Epidemiological estimates suggest that approximately 5,000 to 10,000 cases occur annually; however, the true burden is likely underestimated due to gaps in diagnostic capacity and underreporting.
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