CURRENT ISSUES OF LABOR PROTECTION AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF ITS ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Keywords:
Occupational safety, workplace attestation, hazardous working conditions, artificial intelligence, labour inspection, prosecutorial supervision, digital monitoring, EU AI Act, industrial safety.Abstract
This article analyses current issues of occupational safety and health, its organisational and legal aspects, as well as the scientific and theoretical foundations for ensuring the rights of citizens employed in hazardous working conditions. Based on the dynamics of workplace accidents recorded in the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2024 and 2025, along with examples from the practice of prosecutorial bodies, problems of the current legislation are identified. Scientific and practical recommendations are proposed for introducing artificial intelligence technologies into the occupational safety system. A comparative legal analysis of the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (Regulation 2024/1689) and the experience of the EU-OSHA digital age safety campaign is presented.
References
Ўзбекистон Республикасининг Конституцияси (Янги таҳрир). – Қонунчилик маълумотлари миллий базаси, 01.05.2023 й., 03/23/837/0241-сон. – URL: https://lex.uz/docs/6445145
Ўзбекистон Республикасининг Меҳнат кодекси: 2022 йил 28 октябрдаги ЎРҚ-798-сон Қонун билан тасдиқланган. – URL: https://lex.uz/docs/6257288
"Меҳнатни муҳофаза қилиш тўғрисида"ги Ўзбекистон Республикасининг Қонуни: 1993 йил 6 майдаги 839-XII-сон (2016 йил 22 сентябрдаги ЎРҚ-410-сон Қонуни таҳририда). – URL: https://lex.uz/docs/3031427
Ўзбекистон Республикасининг "Шахсга доир маълумотлар тўғрисида"ги 2019 йил 2 июлдаги ЎРҚ-547-сон Қонуни. – URL: https://lex.uz/docs/4396428
Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президентининг 2023 йил 11 сентябрдаги ""Ўзбекистон – 2030" стратегияси тўғрисида"ги ПФ-158-сон Фармони.
Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президентининг 2020 йил 5 октябрдаги ""Рақамли Ўзбекистон – 2030" стратегиясини тасдиқлаш ва уни самарали амалга ошириш чора-тадбирлари тўғрисида"ги ПФ-6079-сон Фармони. – URL: https://lex.uz/docs/5030957
Халқаро меҳнат ташкилотининг 1947 йил 11 июлдаги 81-сонли "Саноат ва савдода меҳнат инспекцияси тўғрисида"ги Конвенцияси.
Халқаро меҳнат ташкилотининг 1981 йил 22 июндаги 155-сонли "Меҳнат хавфсизлиги ва гигиенаси ҳамда ишлаб чиқариш муҳити тўғрисида"ги Конвенцияси.
Халқаро меҳнат ташкилотининг 2006 йил 15 июндаги 187-сонли "Меҳнат хавфсизлиги ва гигиенасига кўмаклашиш асослари тўғрисида"ги Конвенцияси.
Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) // Official Journal of the European Union, L 2024/1689, 12.07.2024.
Industrial Safety and Health Act of Japan (Act No. 57 of 1972, last amended by Act No. 71 of 2018). – URL: https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3440/en
ISO 45001:2018. Occupational health and safety management systems – Requirements with guidance for use. – Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 2018.
Pieper R. ArbSchR – Arbeitsschutzrecht: Arbeitsschutzgesetz, Arbeitssicherheitsgesetz und andere Arbeitsschutzvorschriften. – 7. Aufl. – Frankfurt am Main: Bund-Verlag, 2021. – 1200 S.
Takahashi M. Sociomedical problems of overwork-related deaths and disorders in Japan // Journal of Occupational Health. – 2019. – Vol. 61, Issue 4. – P. 269–277. – DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12016.
Takala J., Hämäläinen P., Sauni R. et al. Global-, regional- and country-level estimates of the work-related burden of diseases and accidents in 2019 // Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. – 2024. – Vol. 50, Issue 2. – P. 73–82. – DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4132.
Hauke A., Flaspöler E., Reinert D. Trend Analysis by Risk Observation: How the German Statutory Accident Insurance Prepares for the Future in Occupational Safety and Health // Safety and Health at Work. – 2022. – Vol. 13, Issue 4. – P. 500–507. – DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2022.09.006.
Fisher E., Flynn M.A., Pratap P., Vietas J.A. Occupational Safety and Health Equity Impacts of Artificial Intelligence: A Scoping Review // International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. – 2023. – Vol. 20, Issue 13. – Article 6221. – DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20136221.
Moore P.V., Piwek L. Regulating wellbeing in the brave new quantified workplace // Employee Relations. – 2017. – Vol. 39, Issue 3. – P. 308–316.
Nwulu I., El-Helaly M. Artificial Intelligence and Occupational Health and Safety: Benefits and Drawbacks // American Journal of Medicine Open. – 2024. – Vol. 12. – DOI: 10.1016/j.ajmo.2024.100093.
International Labour Organization. Nearly 3 million people die of work-related accidents and diseases: ILO Global Report. – Geneva: ILO, 2023. – URL: https://www.ilo.org/resource/news/nearly-3-million-people-die-work-related-accidents-and-diseases
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. Smart digital monitoring systems for occupational safety and health: uses and challenges. – Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2023. – URL: https://osha.europa.eu
Concept of "Zero-accident Total Participation Campaign" // Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association (JISHA). – URL: https://www.jisha.or.jp/english/ zero_accident.html
German Social Accident Insurance (DGUV): Facts and Figures. – URL: https://www.dguv.de/en/facts-figures/index.jsp
Камбағалликни қисқартириш ва бандлик вазирлигининг расмий маълумотлари // Gazeta.uz, 02.05.2025. – URL: https://www.gazeta.uz/uz/ 2025/05/02/mehnat-muhofazasi/
Ўзбекистон Республикаси Камбағалликни қисқартириш ва бандлик вазирлигининг 2025 йил якунлари бўйича маълумотлари // Gazeta.uz, 13.01.2026. – URL: https://www.gazeta.uz/uz/2026/01/13/accidents/
Фарғона вилояти прокуратурасининг 2025 йил якунлари бўйича ҳисоботи материаллари.