Yevrosiyo tibbiyot va tabiiy fanlar jurnali

Qizamiq kasalligining oxirgi yillarda qayd etilishi biroz taxlikali holat bo‘lib, keyingi paytlarda og‘ir asoratlarni qoldirishi, tibbiyot xodimlarini oldidagi ushbu kasallik bilan jiddiy oldini olish chora-tadbirlarini bajarilishini nazorati katta ahamiyat kasb etmoqda. Shuningdek kasallikni oldini olishdagi profilaktik emlash ishlarini jadal olib borilishi, ushbu kasallikdan keyingi og‘ir asoratlarni oldini oluvchi bosh mezon ekanligi e’tibor doirasidadir. Buning uchun barcha bolalarni ikki dozali profilaktik vaksinatsiyadan o‘tishi juda zarur hisoblanadi.

Fifty pregnant women aged 18 to 36 years diagnosed with gestational pyelonephritis were enrolled in the study. Of these, 20 patients presented with acute primary pyelonephritis in either the serous or purulent inflammatory stages, while 30 were diagnosed with chronic pyelonephritis, either in remission or experiencing disease exacerbation. In cases of acute pyelonephritis, urinary tract obstruction and impaired urine drainage were common complications, which required a range of medical interventions. Specifically, ureteral catheterization was carried out in 21 cases, ureteral stents were placed in 6 patients, percutaneous nephrostomy was performed in 3, one patient underwent nephrostomy with infection source decontamination, and another required nephrectomy.

The Tricardion capsule is a phytotherapeutic formulation developed using extracts of three medicinal plants: Leonurus turcestanicus, Mentha × piperita (commonly referred to as peppermint), and Crataegus sanguinea Pall. (hawthorn). These plants are native to Central Asia and are widely found in various regions of Uzbekistan. Each species has a long-standing history in traditional medicine and is known for its cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic properties. This review aims to summarize the botanical characteristics, phytochemical compositions, and pharmacological effects of the three plants. The potential synergistic benefits of combining these botanical ingredients into a single capsule are also discussed. Emphasis is placed on their cardiovascular applications, which form the basis for the development of the Tricardion capsule. The article draws from regional and international scientific literature, including studies conducted by Uzbek researchers. The findings support the scientific rationale for using these plants in combination for the prevention and management of cardiovascular conditions.

Ishemik insultdan so‘ng kognitiv buzilishlarga uchragan 75 bemor tekshirildi. Ular kognitiv buzilish darajasiga qarab uch guruhga ajratildi: subyektiv kognitiv buzilishlar (SKB), yengil kognitiv buzilishlar (YKB) va o‘rtacha darajadagi kognitiv buzilishlar (OKB). Kognitiv funksiyalar MMSE, MOCA, FAB, “10 ta so‘z” testi, Shulte testi va kognitiv evokatsiyalangan potensiallar (P300) yordamida baholandi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatdiki, kognitiv buzilishlar darajasi guruhga qarab farq qiladi, eng yaqqol o‘zgarishlar OKB guruhida kuzatildi.

Miokard infarkti (MI) an’anaviy ravishda keksa odamlarning kasalligi sifatida qaraladi. Biroq, so‘nggi tadqiqotlar yosh (45 yoshgacha) shaxslarda MI bilan kasallanishning sezilarli o‘sishini aniqladi, bu uning patogenezi, klinik ko‘rinishi, diagnostikasi va davolash taktikasining o‘ziga xos xususiyatlariga alohida e’tibor berishni talab qiladi. Ushbu sharh yosh bemorlarda MI rivojlanishiga yordam beradigan o‘ziga xos xavf omillari, genetik xususiyatlar, klinik ko‘rinishlar va funktsional buzilishlarni aniqlashga qaratilgan.

Bavosil kasalligini davolashda turli xil ko‘rinishdagi jarrohlik usullarini qo‘llash tahlili o‘tkazildi. 85 nafar bemorga nisbatan ushbu usullarni alohida va kompleks tarzda qo‘llash samaradorligi baholandi. Kichik invaziv jarrohlik usullarini qo‘llash ko‘rsatmalari, klinik samaradorligi va kamchiliklari tahlil qilindi. Kasallikning klinik ko‘rinishi (shakli, bosqichi, yallig‘lanish o‘zgarishlari va qon ketishi mavjudligi)ga qarab kam jarrohlik amaliyoti usulini tanlashda differentsial yondashuv zarurligi aniqlandi.

This review focuses on the most important research topics that deal with issues that are currently being solved, those that remain unresolved, and future research directions. For the hepatitis A virus, we will address epidemiology, molecular surveillance, new susceptible populations, as well as environmental and food detections; for the hepatitis B virus, we will discuss host factors related to disease, diagnosis, therapy, and vaccine. Viral hepatitis, which is caused by infection with the hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E viruses, is a significant public health issue and a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality. As for the hepatitis D virus, we describe diagnostic methodology, pathogenesis, and therapy; for the hepatitis E virus, we will discuss epidemiology (including new emerging species), diagnosis, clinical aspects, treatment, vaccine development, and environmental surveillance; and for the hepatitis C virus, we will concentrate on pathogenesis, immunological response, direct action antiviral treatment in the context of solid organ transplantation, problems associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, direct action antiviral resistance due to selection of resistance-associated variants and vaccination.

Ушбу макола оғиз шиллиқ қаватида яллиғланиш сабаблари, турлари ва бу касаллик ҳар қандай ёшдаги одамларда учраши хамда энг содда даволаш усуллари хакида баён килади.

Транзитор ишемик ҳужум (ТИҲ) инсульт ривожланиши учун жиддий хавф ҳисобланади. Адабиёт маълумотларига кўра, инсульт ўтказган беморларнинг 40-50% да ТИҲ учрайди. Кўп ҳолларда, ТИҲ нафақат беморлар, балки тиббиёт ходимлари томонидан ҳам пайқалмайди ва турли даражадаги клиник оғирликка эга бўлиши мумкин. ТИҲ ўтказган беморларда кўпинча артерия стенозлари ва юрак патологиялари кузатилади. Патогенетик механизмига кўра, ТИҲ қуйидаги ҳолатлар натижасида ривожланиши мумкин: • қон томирлари ўғирланиши синдроми, • микроэмболизация, • қон томирларининг спазми, • гиперкоагуляция. Ишемик инсульт ва ТИҲ ривожланишида гемодинамик механизм катта аҳамиятга эга бўлиб, ички каротид артериясининг оғир стенози ёки окклюзияси билан боғлиқ ҳолларда муҳим аҳамият касб этади. Шу билан бирга, касалликнинг этиопатогенетик тузилмасини аниқлаш ва инсультни олдини олиш учун дифференциал ёндашувни ишлаб чиқиш зарур.Адабиёт маълумотларига кўра, ТИҲ ўтказган беморларнинг аксариятида ҳужумлар бир неча марта такрорланган, аммо улар вақтинчалик неврологик бузилишларга етарлича эътибор бермаган. Шу сабабли, ТИҲ стереотипик хусусиятга эга бўлади. ТИҲни эрта ташхислаш, унинг сабаб ва механизмларини аниқлаш, шунингдек, асосли ва мақсадли даволаш юқори юрак-қон томир хавфига эга беморларда оғир асоратларнинг олдини олиш учун муҳим ҳисобланади ва самарали профилактика резерви бўлиб хизмат қилади.

Hyperbilirubinemia in newborns is a complex clinical and biochemical syndrome caused by multifactorial disorders of bilirubin metabolism in the early postnatal period. The modern understanding of the pathophysiology of this condition is based on the integration of fundamental knowledge about the molecular and cellular mechanisms of formation, transport, conjugation, and elimination of bilirubin.

Mandibular fractures represent one of the most common injuries of the maxillofacial region, accounting for 70% to 85% of all facial skeleton fractures according to various studies. The high frequency of this pathology is due to the anatomical features of the mandible, its mobility, and its prominent position in the facial skeleton, which makes it vulnerable to various traumatic impacts. The social significance of the problem is determined by the predominant affliction of working-age individuals (20-40 years), which leads to significant economic losses associated with temporary disability and treatment costs.

The process of educating foreign students in medical universities is characterized by multifactorial specificity, caused not only by general problems of academic and sociocultural adaptation but also by the peculiarities of medical education, including high intensity of academic workload, the need to master professional terminology in a non-native language, early interaction with patients in a foreign language environment, as well as ethical and deontological aspects of the medical profession that have culturally determined specificity. Together, these factors create a significant psycho-emotional burden on foreign students, potentially reducing the effectiveness of the educational process and negatively affecting the formation of professional competencies of future doctors.

Elevated serum homocysteine levels (hyperhomocysteinemia) represent a significant risk factor for fetal developmental disorders during pregnancy. High concentrations of homocysteine exert a toxic effect on the vascular endothelium, lead to impaired placental circulation, increase the risk of thrombophilic complications, and can cause neural tube defects, intrauterine growth restriction, preeclampsia, and even pregnancy loss. This article discusses the pathogenetic mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia's effect on embryogenesis, the clinical consequences for the fetus, and current methods for diagnosing and correcting this condition, including the use of folic acid, B vitamins, and anticoagulant therapy, with an emphasis on data from the last five years.

В статье представлен обзор фармакологических свойств растительного мочегонного сбора "Диурен", разработанного на основе локальных растений Республики Узбекистан. Рассматриваются современные исследования, посвященные его токсикологической безопасности, диуретическому действию, влиянию на натрий-калиевый обмен и противовоспалительный потенциал. Проведен анализ научных данных, подтверждающих эффективность и безопасность "Диурена" как перспективного фитопрепарата.

In this article, you can find out about the causes, prevention and treatment methods of congenital dislocation of the hip joint in children, how it is treated in folk medicine.

Эволюционная анатомия изучает изменения в строении тела человека, возникшие в результате естественного отбора и адаптации к окружающей среде. В статье анализируются ключевые анатомические адаптации, такие как прямохождение, редукция рудиментарных органов и развитие мозга. Рассмотрены методы сравнительной анатомии, палеонтологии и генетики. Результаты демонстрируют связь между анатомическими изменениями и выживанием вида. Статья подчеркивает важность эволюционного подхода для понимания современных медицинских проблем.

Тиббиётда радиология сохасидаги тиббий тасвирларнинг ўрни жуда ҳам катта аҳамиятга эга. Беморга аниқ ташҳис қўйишда даволовчи врачга тиббий тасвирларнинг аниқлилиги ва тавсвирларнинг юқори сифатга эгалиги жуда ҳам муҳимдир. Тиббий тасвирларни қайта ишлаш, сақлаш, шаклларини ўзгартириш, аналог шаклдан рақамли шаклга ўзгартириш ва радиология  сохасидаги технологиялар тавсифланади.

Имплантация является важной частью современной медицины, особенно в области ортопедии и стоматологии. Однако негативное воздействие имплантатов на периимплантатные ткани остается значимой проблемой. Цель данного исследования - рассмотреть профилактические меры для снижения риска воспалительных заболеваний и отторжения имплантатов. В статье рассматриваются основные методы профилактики, роль биосовместимости материалов, а также важность микробиологического контроля и ранней диагностики. На основе мировых данных и статистики, а также Республики Узбекистан, анализируется влияние профилактических мер на улучшение состояния тканей вокруг имплантатов.

Tog' o'simliklari ekologiyasini o'rganishda biz ushbu tog' muhitini belgilaydigan maxsus moslashuvlar, ekologik o'zaro ta'sirlar va tabiatni muhofaza qilish muammolarini ko'rib chiqamiz. Tog' o'simliklari va ularning atrofi o'rtasidagi murakkab munosabatlarni tushunib, biz ushbu ajoyib botanika mo'jizalarining mustahkamligi va xilma-xilligini chuqurroq tushunishimiz mumkin.

Ma’lumki, tabiiy preparatlar ko‘p komponentli bo‘lib, sintetik preparatlarga nisbatan kengroq ta’sir doirasiga ega. Shu bilan birga tabiiy preparatlarntng toksik xususiyati sintetik preparatga qaraganda kamroqdir. Skrining tekshirishlar anjabor tabletkasi eritmasi mahalliy qitiqlovchi ta’siri mavjud emasligini, utkir zaxarlilik xususiyati mavjud emasligi ko‘rsatdi. Shunga asoslanib, anjabor suyuq ekstraktini mahalliy qitiqlovchi ta’siri eksperimental modellarda o‘rganib chiqdik.

Мақолада урологик касалликларни даволаш учун метронидазол, дротаверин, фурадонин  субстанциялари асосида капсулаларни таркиби ва технологиясини ишлаб чиқиш натижалари баён этилган. Капсулалар таркибига кирувчи ёрдамчи моддаларни субстанциянинг физик-кимёвий ва технологик хусусиятларини, озиқ-овқат шакли ва препаратнинг қўлланилиш соҳалари компонентларининг мувофиқлигини ҳисобга олган ҳолда танлашга асосланган.

В статье представлен систематический анализ современных рестриктивных бариатрических вмешательств, применяемых в лечении морбидного ожирения. На основе обзора актуальных данных литературы проведена оценка эффективности и безопасности различных методик, включая лапароскопическую слив-резекцию желудка (LSG), регулируемое бандажирование желудка (LAGB) и гастропликацию. Определены основные показания и противопоказания к каждому виду вмешательства, проанализированы краткосрочные и долгосрочные результаты, а также специфические осложнения.

Zamonaviy dental implantologiya sohasida abatment va milk o‘rtasidagi bog‘lanish sifatini yaxshilash katta ahamiyatga ega. Abatment-milk sathining to‘g‘ri ishlov berilishi milk bilan mustahkam va biologik jihatdan mos bog‘lanish yaratishga yordam beradi, bu esa implantning uzoq muddatli muvaffaqiyatini ta'minlaydi va atrofdagi yumshoq to‘qimalarning yallig‘lanishidan saqlaydi. Abatment vamilk o‘rtasidagi interfeysning mukammal shakllanishitish implantatsiyasida nafaqat mexanik barqarorlik, balki yumshoq to‘qimalarning estetik va funktsional holatini ham ta'minlaydi. Shu sababli, turli ishlov berish usullarining abatment-milk bog‘lanishiga ta'sirini batafsil o‘rganish zarur. Bugungi kundamexanik, kimyoviy va plazma bilan ishlov berishusullari keng qo‘llanilmoqda, ammo ularning samaradorligini to‘liq baholash uchun qiyosiy tadqiqotlar yetarli emas. Mazkur tadqiqot implantologiya va ortopedikstomatologiya sohasida amaliy ahamiyatga ega bo‘lib, abatment va milk o‘rtasidagi bog‘lanish sifatini oshirish orqali implantlarning uzoq muddatli xizmatqilishini ta'minlashga qaratilgan. Qiyosiy baholashnatijalari stomatologlarga abatmentga ishlov berishusullarini tanlashda yordam beradi, bu esa milk vaatrofdagi yumshoq to‘qimalarning yaxlitligini saqlabqolish, infeksion asoratlarni kamaytirish va estetik jihatdan mukammal natijalarga erishish imkonini beradi.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most prevalent endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, with a global prevalence ranging from 8% to 13%, depending on diagnostic criteria. It is a multifactorial condition associated with hormonal imbalance, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and genetic predisposition.

To evaluate the effectiveness and predictive value of a monophasic oral preparation containing micronized gestodene and ethinylestradiol in the treatment of COVID-19-associated menstrual-ovarian dysfunction in women of different reproductive ages.

This study evaluated the prognostic significance of hormonal (FSH, LH, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, AMH), immunological (VEGF, TGF-β, and IGF-1), and ultrasonographic (ovarian volume, antral follicle count, endometrial thickness) parameters in fertility restoration among women of late reproductive age with diminished ovarian reserve. Based on ROC analysis, the sensitivity and specificity of these markers were determined, providing a scientific foundation for the development of an individualized reproductive prediction model.

Children with Autism is at increased risk for oral health problems, including dental caries, due to a combination of anatomical, physiological, and behavioral factors. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of fissure sealants in preventing caries development in the permanent teeth of children with Autism. A clinical trial was conducted on a selected group of children aged 6–12 years, divided into two cohorts: one receiving fissure sealant treatment and a control group without sealant application. Over a 12-month period, both groups were monitored for caries incidence through regular dental examinations. The results demonstrated a significantly lower occurrence of new carious lesions in the group treated with fissure sealants, confirming their preventive efficacy. The study highlights the importance of preventive dental care, particularly the use of sealants, in improving the oral health and quality of life of children with Autism.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a new multicomponent protocol for treating fractures of the nasal zygomatic orbital complex (NZOC) by integrating 3D-printed artificial bone implants, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membranes, minimally invasive surgical approaches, and elastography for objective structural assessment. A total of 197 patients (aged 18-65) with confirmed NCOC fractures were included in the study from 2014 to 2024 across three institutions. Inclusion criteria were a Karnofsky index≥70%, absence of severe systemic comorbidities, and patient consent. All patients underwent computer tomography (MSCT) and 3D reconstruction to determine fracture characteristics. In the study group, custom 3D-printed osteoconductive implants were placed along with titanium mini-plates and PRF membranes, using endoscopic-assisted repositioning for orbital floor and naso-orbital support

В статье рассматриваются инновационные подходы к развитию физической подготовленности в рамках подготовки специалистов по оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии (ОХТА). Анализируются современные технологии, такие как виртуальная реальность, симуляционные платформы, носимые датчики и методы геймификации, позволяющие повысить точность, выносливость и стрессоустойчивость хирургов. Подчеркивается влияние этих инноваций на качество профессиональной подготовки, безопасность и эффективность хирургических вмешательств. Представлены рекомендации по внедрению новых технологий в образовательный процесс и профессиональную практику для повышения уровня подготовки специалистов ОХТА.

O'pka tuberkulyozining (TB) aniq tashxisi, ayniqsa, jarrohlik aralashuvni talab qiladigan holatlarda hal qiluvchi muammo bo'lib qolmoqda. Ushbu tadqiqot sil kasalligi tashxisini tasdiqlashda jarrohlik namunalarini mikrobiologik tekshirish samaradorligini baholaydi. Sil kasalligiga shubha qilingan yoki tasdiqlanganligi sababli o‘pkada jarrohlik amaliyoti o‘tkazilayotgan bemorlardan olingan namunalar bo‘yicha keng qamrovli tahlil o‘tkazildi. Qo'llaniladigan mikrobiologik usullar Ziehl-Neelsen bo'yash, Lövenshteyn-Jensen muhitida ekish va molekulyar diagnostikani o'z ichiga oladi. Natijalar mikrobiologik topilmalar va gistopatologik tasdiqlash o'rtasidagi muhim korrelyatsiyani ko'rsatdi, bu murakkab yoki noaniq sil kasalligi holatlarida jarrohlik materiallarining diagnostik ahamiyatini ta'kidladi. Ushbu topilmalar jarrohlik namunalarining mikrobiologik tahlilini o'pka tuberkulyozi diagnostikasi algoritmiga, ayniqsa smear-salbiy yoki ekstrapulmoner ko'rinishlarda integratsiya qilish muhimligini ta'kidlaydi.

6 daqiqalik yurish testi (6MWT) surunkali obstruktiv o'pka kasalligi (KOAH) bo'lgan bemorlarda funktsional mashqlar qobiliyatini baholash uchun ishlatiladigan oddiy, invaziv bo'lmagan baholash vositasidir. Ushbu tadqiqot KOAH bilan og'rigan bemorlarda kasallikning rivojlanishini, kasalxonaga yotqizishni va o'limni bashorat qilishda 6MWT ishlashining prognostik ahamiyatini o'rganadi. O'rtacha va og'ir KOAH bilan og'rigan shaxslar guruhi 6MWT yordamida baholandi va natijalar belgilangan kuzatuv davrida kuzatildi. Natijalar shuni ko'rsatdiki, 6 daqiqalik yurish masofasining pastligi (6MWD) alevlenme xavfining oshishi, hayot sifatining pasayishi va o'lim darajasining oshishi bilan bog'liq. Ushbu topilmalar 6MWT dan klinik natijalarning qimmatli bashoratchisi va KOAHni muntazam boshqarishda xavfni stratifikatsiya qilish uchun amaliy vosita sifatida foydalanishni qo'llab-quvvatlaydi.

Drugs called diuretics are used to treat and control edematous and non-edematous medical disorders. One class of medications is diuretics. This exercise examines the uses, side effects, and indications of diuretics as a useful treatment for heart failure, hypertension, ascites, and other conditions as appropriate. In order to help members of the interprofessional team treat patients with heart failure and related conditions, this activity will highlight the mechanism of action, adverse event profile, and other important factors (such as off-label uses, dosing, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, monitoring, and pertinent interactions). Since diuretics are among the most widely given medications and, despite their effectiveness, are frequently used to treat patients who are at a significant risk of problems, it is crucial to comprehend and value their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (see Keller and Hann's recent review).

Hypothyroidism, and the exact presence of thyroid hormone in the blood in low concentrations leads to the fact that the metabolism in the body gets out of control, as a result of which pathological changes of varying degrees develop. Hypothyroidism is caused by several factors: injuries of a gland, tumors or cystic diseases, disorders of the pituitary-hypothalamic system, defects in the development of the gland, surgical interventions errors, long-term use of antithyroid drugs, etc. The situation with hypothyroidism is common among population, and the deficiency is common in our region. This article describes the morphometric changes in the knee system in early ontogenesis, which was obtained in the study of offspring born from a mother with experimental hypothyroidism during pregnancy. The model of experimental hypothyroidism and the results of the early study show morphofunctional changes in the elements of the knee joint and the generation of this disease.

Реактивные артриты – асептическое воспаление, поражающее суставы, одновременно или вслед за перенесенной внесуставной инфекцией (носоглоточной, кишечной, урогенитальной). Реактивные артриты характеризуются асимметричным поражением суставов, сухожилий, слизистых оболочек, кожи, ногтей, лимфоузлов, системными реакциями. Появляется реактивный артрит у детей и взрослых.

определить влияние социально-демографических факторов на формирование приверженности к антиретровирусной терапии (АРВТ) у ВИЧ-инфицированных детей в Республике Узбекистан.

O’zbekistonda yetishtirilgan anissimon tojgul (Lophanthus anisatus Benth.)  tarkibidagi suvda eruvchan polisaxaridlar (4%), pektin moddalari (6%) va gemitsellyulozalar (8,3%) mavjudligi ilk bor o’rganildi. Asosiy monosaxaridlar glyukoza, galaktoza, arabinoza va ksilozadir. Biopolimerlarning monosaxarid tarkibining xususiyatlari ularning nordon polisaxaridlar ekanligini ko'rsatdi. Spirtli ajratmalardagi xromatografik tahlil natijalariga ko'ra fruktoza aniqlandi. Ajratib olingan polisaxaridlar IQ spektroskopiyasi yordamida tahlil qilindi. Polisaxaridlarning IQ spektrlarini tahlil qilish murakkab efir guruhlari, metallar va glikozid bog'larining turi haqida ma’lumot beradi.

Romatoid artrit - bo'g'imlarning eng keng tarqalgan yallig'lanish kasalligi bo'lib, ichki organlarning tizimli immun-yallig'lanish shikastlanishi bilan birgalikda eroziv simmetrik poliartrit bilan tavsiflanadi. Bo'g'imlarning eng og'ir va keng tarqalgan yallig'lanish kasalliklaridan biri sanaladi. Revmatoid artrit keng tarqalgan kasallik bo'lib, barcha mamlakatlarda umumiy aholining taxminan 1% da uchraydi. Yangi dalillar respirator virusli infektsiyalar revmatoid artrit kabi otoimmün yallig'lanish artriti xavfini oshirishi mumkinligini ko'rsatdi. Bundan tashqari, yallig'lanishli artritli bemorlarda infektsiyalar kasallikni kuchaytirishi mumkin.

Лютеин фазаси етишмовчилигида ёрдамчи репродуктив технологиялар циклларида қўлланилаётган замонавий гестоген терапия усулларини, уларнинг самарадорлигини, фармакокинетик хусусиятларини ва клиник аҳамиятини таҳлил қилиш.

Бачадон миомасининг патогенезида иштирок этувчи замонавий молекуляр механизмларни, генетик ва эпигенетик ўзгаришларни ҳамда уларга асосланган биомаркерлар ва инновацион биотехнологик даволаш усулларини таҳлил қилиш.

Hozirgi kunda "probiotik " tushunchasi sog'lom odam yoki hayvonning ichak mikrobiotasi uchun zarur bo'lgan tirik patogen bo'lmagan mikroorganizmlar guruhlarini o'z ichiga oladi.  SAB ning antioksidant, antimikrob, yallig'lanishga qarshi va detoksifikatsiya qiluvchi xususiyatlariga asoslangan molekulyar mexanizmlar hozirgi vaqtda probiyotiklar tanlovini kengaytirmoqda. Uzoq vaqtdan beri sut kislotasi mahsulotlarini tayyorlash uchun ishlatilgan sut kislotasi bakteriyalari (SAB) tomonidan sintez qilingan antimikrobial metabolitlar bo'yicha ma'lumotlar mavjud. Sut kislotasi fermentatsiyasining asosiy yoki qo'shimcha mahsuloti bo'lgan past molekulyar og'irlikdagi mikroblarga qarshi moddalar haqida ma'lumotlar umumlashtiriladi. SAB fungitsidlari va bakteriotsinlari ularning oziq-ovqat konservantlari sifatida ishlatilishi bilan bog'liq holda ko'rib chiqiladi. Bakteriotsinlarning xususiyatlari va tasnifi, ularning sintezi va ta'sir qilish mexanizmiga bog’liq. SABlarni mikroblarga qarshi metabolitlari sanoat va tibbiyotda qo'llashning asosiy istiqbolli yo'nalishlari keltirilgan.

Стресс многолик в своих проявлениях. Он может спровоцировать начало практически любого заболевания. В современном мире актуальна проблема влияние стресса на органы желудочно-кишечного тракта, в особенности на слизистую желудка, способствуя возникновению язвенной болезни. Стрессовая язва – одна из наиболее распространенных форм стрессиндуцированной болезни слизистой оболочки, представляющая серьезную угрозу развития кровотечений из верхних отделов ЖКТ. Данное состояние регистрируется примерно у 60% пациентов, которым в течение длительного времени проводится ИВЛ, и у 25% из них имеют место кровотечения. Проблема детального изучения подходов к лечению и профилактике данной патологии крайне актуальна.