Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences

Despite significant advances in improving diagnostic and treatment methods for these pathologies, experts have noted a significant increase in the incidence of JHA in recent decades. In this regard, the search for new treatment methods that could effectively influence the main links of pathogenesis seems extremely relevant for the optimization of traditional methods of therapy of JHA. The results of study justify the effectiveness intra venosus lazerotherapy in the complex therapy of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Effectiveness of intra venosus lazerotherapy was expressed in accelerating the remission, prolongation of its time and reducing the side effects of drug therapy.

The article explores modern pedagogical technologies used in teaching academic writing in higher education institutions. It examines international practices in integrating digital platforms, interactive methods, and artificial intelligence into the educational process. Special attention is given to the development of critical thinking, academic literacy, and research skills among students. The study highlights the benefits of innovative approaches as well as the challenges related to their implementation.

This paper explores the role of digital platforms and artificial intelligence in foreign language teaching. It highlights how modern technologies improve language learning through interactive applications, adaptive learning systems, and online resources. The study emphasizes the advantages of AI in personalized learning and the integration of digital platforms into the educational process.

This article discusses the importance of vaccination in the prevention of pneumonia. Pneumonia is one of the most dangerous respiratory diseases, causing severe complications in people of all ages. The study analyzes the role of vaccination in strengthening immunity, reducing infection rates, and lowering mortality levels. It also examines public attitudes toward immunization and the effectiveness of preventive measures.

The article presents the results of study of efficacy of rush method of parental allergenspecific immunotherapy in 87 children aged 7-14 years suffering with atopic bronchial asthma. This method of allergic vaccination was effective in 76.2% patients, after first course, of treatment and in 88.0% patients  after repeated, courses ot treatment. It was noted tendency to decreasing of levels total IgE, E – selektin, ICAM-1, IL 4, IL 5, IL 8, and elevation  of sIL2R, IL 10 levels in serum of children with positive results of allergenspecitic immunotherapy.

Colorectal cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for new and effective anticancer agents. This study evaluated the cytotoxic activity of eight aspirin analogues (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2) against human colorectal cancer H630 WT cell lines. The results showed that the degree of growth inhibition varied depending on the structural differences among the compounds. The analogues A2, B1, B2, and D2 demonstrated the most pronounced cytotoxic activity, significantly reducing cell viability. These findings suggest that especially A2, B2, and D2 are promising candidates for further investigation as potential anticancer agents in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

A promising direction for the local treatment of ichthyosis is the development of keratolytic, anti-inflammatory and regenerative combined application preparations containing a complex of both herbal and synthetic medicines. In this regard, a technology for the production of Fatikeratoderm gel has been developed, which has keratolytic, anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects. By studying the mutual compatibility of the ingredients included in the gel, the composition and technology of the gel were developed and its quality was assessed.

Acute suppurative cholangitis remains a critical emergency in hepatobiliary surgery, significantly aggravating the underlying pathology and patient condition.

The article provides information about ovarian follicular cysts among teenage girls in the territory of the Republic. Based on retrospective analysis, follicular cyst in 349 cases (34,6 %) was detected in teenage girls, of whom 24% were 9-11 years old, 26% were 12-15, 50% were 16-18  years old.

The microorganisms normally present in healthy individuals are known as the normal microbiota.  These microorganisms, which can be pathogenic (able to cause disease) but are not now doing so, are found throughout the body.  Some of the usual microbiota are thought to be indigenous since they are always present. Others are temporary, appearing in some healthy individuals for a brief period of time without producing illness before being removed. Since its discovery, several studies have emphasized the importance of microbiota in health and illness. 

There is growing recognition of the connection between human health and gut bacteria.  It is now commonly known that a healthy gut flora plays a major role in the host's general health.  The normal human gut microbiota comprises of two major phyla, namely Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes.  Even though an infant's gut microbiota seems random, by the time they are three years old, it begins to resemble the adult flora.  However, throughout a person's life, there are differences in the microbial dispersal from the esophagus to the rectum in both space and time.  Scientists can now examine these microorganisms, their roles, and the interactions between microbes and their hosts in both health and sickness in great detail because to advancements in genome sequencing tools and bioinformatics. A healthy gut microbiota has a specialized role in immunomodulation, pathogen defense, xenobiotic and drug metabolism, host nutrition metabolism, and gut mucosal barrier structural integrity. 

The host immune system's induction, education, and operation are all significantly influenced by the microbiota.  In exchange, the host immune system has developed a number of strategies for preserving its mutually beneficial association with the microbiota.  Maintaining this conversation enables the use of regulatory mechanisms involved in the long-term tolerance to harmless antigens as well as the production of protective responses to pathogens.  Tonic microbe detection and intricate feedback loops between the immune system's innate and adaptive components are necessary for microorganisms to be able to influence the immunological tone of tissues both locally and systemically. Here, we go over the main cellular mediators of these interactions and talk about new topics related to our present comprehension of the host-microbiota homeostatic immunological dialogue.

A complex ecosystem made up of many cells far more numerous than the total number of cells in the human body is comprised of the microbial communities that inhabit it.  Given its complexity, relationship to health, and involvement in a number of clinical disorders, it is well acknowledged that the human gut microbiota is a subject of study interest.  The demand for more research is fueled by the desire to thoroughly clarify and record hitherto unidentified facets of the gut microbiota and its connections to health.  Additionally, it has served as a catalyst for doing the current examination of the research sources that have been submitted thus far. Because of competition and natural selection throughout life, the human intestine is a natural ecosystem containing a complex of diverse and dynamic microorganisms. These intestinal microbes, known as microbiota, interact with the host and are consequently in contact with the organs of the different systems.

This article's goal is to examine the performance, advantages, and disadvantages of the new and existing microbiological methods that aid in the quick detection of bacterial infections in critically sick patients, as well as the data that is currently available to assess their clinical significance.  Significant morbidity and death are caused by bacterial infections and sepsis in patients hospitalized to the critical care unit, and the growing worldwide burden of antibiotic resistance makes managing these conditions even more difficult.  In this context, novel diagnostic techniques that can surpass the accuracy and turnaround time constraints of conventional microbiology are greatly needed. The optimization of current culture-based techniques, rapid antigen detection, nucleic acid detection (including multiplex PCR assays and microarrays), sepsis biomarkers, new techniques for pathogen detection (like T2 magnetic resonance) and susceptibility testing (like morphokinetic cellular analysis), and the use of direct metagenomics on clinical samples are some of the general topics we cover. 

The economy and human civilization are greatly impacted by infectious illnesses, which pose serious threats to world health.  Functional probes have shown tremendous promise in recent years as essential biological media for infectious disease research and treatment.  Pathogen identification, biological mechanism investigation, and anti-infective medication development are some of their uses in the field of infectious illnesses. An overview of the pathophysiology, classification, and severity of infectious diseases is given in this review.  Using common examples, we then looked at the unique features and design approaches of functional probes for infectious illness diagnosis and treatment, providing insight into their logic.  We go over the present situation and difficulties surrounding the therapeutic application of functional probes.  We also looked into the potential use of these probes in the detection and management of infectious disorders. 

Due to its high rates of morbidity and mortality, hepatitis remains a serious worldwide health concern.  Early prediction of hepatitis outcomes is still a crucial area for development, despite advancements in diagnosis and therapy.  By using a variety of cutting-edge machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict hepatitis, this study aims to close this gap and support international initiatives to improve public health outcomes. The hepatitis dataset from the UCI repository, which comprises 155 people and 20 characteristics pertaining to clinical information, test results, and demographics, was used in the study. Despite advancements in antiviral medication and effective vaccinations, viral hepatitis continues to have a significant global burden.  Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E are the five types of hepatitis viruses.  Along with HIV infection, malaria, and tuberculosis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections rank among the top four infectious diseases in the world in terms of mortality.  About 47% of such deaths can be attributed to the hepatitis B virus, 48% to the hepatitis C virus, and the remaining portion to the hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses. 

The gut microbiota and its connection to different neurological conditions have been the subject of an increasing number of investigations.  In addition to having a significant influence on blood pressure, blood glucose, and atherosclerosis—all risk factors for ischemic stroke—the gut microbiota can also have an impact on the body's metabolic state.  In order to provide new concepts for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke, we compiled research on the physiological role of the gut microbiota and gut microbiota disorders associated with the central nervous system in this review. The gastrointestinal tract hosts complex microbial communities, the largest pool of immune cells, and forms a bidirectional regulation brain-gut axis with the brain. Recent experimental and clinical studies have highlighted the significance of the relationship between the intestinal microenvironment and stroke.

This article examines current approaches to therapeutic nutrition for young children with atopic dermatitis (AD). Particular attention is paid to the role of hypoallergenic formulas, the elimination of trigger foods, the development of a balanced diet, and the influence of nutrient status on the disease's progression. Data from domestic and international studies on the importance of breastfeeding, the use of hydrolyzed proteins, omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, and prebiotics in modulating the body's immune response are presented. The need for individualized dietary selection based on age, disease severity, and the presence of comorbidities is substantiated.

This article examines the mechanisms of catabolism in chemotrophic microorganisms, which enable their ability to utilize inorganic and organic compounds as energy sources. It describes the main pathways of redox reactions involved in the conversion of chemical energy into biological energy, the role of enzyme systems and respiratory chains, and the involvement of chemotrophs in global biogeochemical cycles. Examples of aerobic and anaerobic chemotrophic bacteria are provided, and the differences between chemoautotrophs and chemoorganotrophs are analyzed. Modern methods for studying catabolic pathways and their biotechnological significance are discussed.

The article analyzes the etiology of associated injuries, the affected anatomical zones, gender and age of patients. The work analyzed the medical histories and expert opinions of 45 deaths (28 - 50 years) to identify the most common cause of death in concomitant injuries, as well as the most affected anatomical zones. To study the causes of deaths from associated injuries and the development of preventive measures to prevent mortality. Analyzed 45 reports of examinations of corpses carried out in the bureau of forensic medical examination of the Tashkent region regarding concomitant injuries for the period 2020-2023.

Female infertility remains one of the most pressing issues in reproductive medicine. Empty follicle syndrome (EFS), characterized by the absence of an oocyte despite the presence of morphologically mature follicles, is a challenging condition. The pathogenesis of EFS is multifactorial, involving hormonal imbalance, diminished ovarian reserve, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) are key antioxidant trace elements in the follicular fluid, and their deficiency may contribute to EFS development.

This article provides a comprehensive review of the world and domestic statistics on women who have undergone mastectomy, analysis of rehabilitation problems after mastectomy, theoretical and methodological foundations of self-care, practical rehabilitation approaches and methods for developing self-care skills, didactic training and educational sessions, their psychological support, cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychotherapeutic group sessions, physical rehabilitation (LFK) and physiotherapy. electrostimulation, magnetotherapy, ultrasound therapy (UTT) and other scientific and practical recommendations.

Modern adjunctive methods for early diagnosis of precancerous conditions and oral mucosal cancer are reviewed. The importance of the issue is emphasized: late diagnosis results in oral cancer being detected at stages III–IV in over 50% of cases. We describe the capabilities of cytological examination, optical techniques (autofluorescence, narrow band imaging), optical coherence tomography, vital staining, salivary biomarkers, and personalized risk modeling. Data on the sensitivity and specificity of these methods, their advantages and limitations are presented. It is concluded that combining multiple techniques increases diagnostic accuracy and enables more effective early detection of malignant lesions.

This study analyzes the distribution of alleles and genotypes of the rs7865618 polymorphism in the CDKN2A gene in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), as well as assesses its potential role in the development of clinical phenotypes. Given the multifactorial- nature of AVMs and their significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity, the study included 154 respondents: 94 patients with confirmed AVMs and 60 controls. Genotyping was performed by isolating DNA from peripheral blood and subsequently amplifying fragments containing the polymorphism under study.

Helminthiasis in children is one of the most common parasitic pathologies, significantly affecting the physical and cognitive development of the body. In childhood, the immune system's unique characteristics and inadequate hygiene skills create favorable conditions for infection with various classes of helminths—nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes. The clinical manifestations of helminthiasis are highly polymorphic and depend on the parasite species, the severity of the infestation, and the child's overall health.

The article analyzes the issues of using scales in practical classes, which play an important role in the process of geographical education. However, the lack of skills and abilities in the field of scaling prevents their purposeful application when performing tasks set during practical training. Therefore, this article examines the use of scales in the process of performing practical work, explains and highlights the possibilities of solving the tasks set using the example given.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune multisystem disorder in which pro-inflammatory cytokines play a central pathogenic role. In a subset of patients, a cytokine storm (CS) develops, characterized by persistent fever, hyperferritinemia, cytopenias and acute organ failure. Dysregulation of adaptive and innate immunity results in excessive production of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ by T- and B-cells, accompanied by macrophage activation. Cytokine monitoring and the HScore are applied for CS diagnosis. Biological therapy — including belimumab, tocilizumab and anifrolumab — expands therapeutic opportunities for inflammation control. A personalized approach based on cytokine profiling and genetic markers represents a promising direction in the management of SLE.

We studied the composition of weeds on the field of late eggplant in Kibray district of Tashkent region. It was defined the types of dominant weeds, the graduation of pollution and quantities for a square meter the land. It was given the local and Latin names of the types of weeds. There were showen the most common types of weeds. It has been stated that widespread use of crop rotation in the vegetable sector poses certain difficulties in identifying weeds specific to each crop.

Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a life-threatening complication in patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Studies of the potential etiology of HC and its outcomes are limited to isolated publications, and a standard therapeutic approach to the treatment of HC has not been developed. Despite the use of new drugs, including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), protease inhibitors, and new immunomodulators, human cells, as well as monoclonal antibodies, remain a key component of the treatment algorithm for patients with acute leukemia (ALL), who are considered potential candidates for high-dose therapy due to their somatic status [1–3].

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality across the globe. While well-established risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, and sedentary lifestyles are frequently studied, the contribution of environmental determinants; especially climate and geography has received comparatively less attention. Arid regions, characterized by persistent high temperatures, scarce vegetation, limited water resources, and low humidity, create unique physiological and lifestyle stressors that may accelerate cardiovascular risk. In these areas, dehydration, thermal strain, salt retention due to restricted water intake, and reduced access to healthcare services collectively intensify the burden of CBD. This study investigates the influence of arid climate and geographic determinants on cardiovascular health outcomes, with a focus on variations across age and sex. By identifying patterns of vulnerability such as the higher susceptibility of older adults and men. This research emphasizes the need for tailored preventive strategies adapted to environmental realities.

This retrospective cohort study analyzes clinical outcomes of 96 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation following acute myocardial infarction at the Fergana Regional Cardiology Center. Drug-eluting stents demonstrated significantly lower risks of in-stent restenosis and recurrent myocardial infarction compared with bare-metal stents. Long-term adherence to dual antiplatelet therapy and statin use markedly reduced the incidence of major adverse cardiac events. Diabetes mellitus was identified as a major prognostic factor associated with recurrence. The findings highlight the importance of personalized pharmacological prevention and patient adherence to secondary prophylaxis for improving post-PCI outcomes.

Hypoxia is a pathological condition characterized by insufficient oxygen supply to tissues and organs, disrupting normal physiological processes and potentially leading to cellular damage. This article discusses the primary mechanisms of hypoxia, including hemic, circulatory, and tissue hypoxia, and their effects on the human body. Compensatory mechanisms activated in response to oxygen deficiency and the impact of hypoxia on hematological parameters such as hemoglobin, erythrocytes, and leukocytes are described. Pathophysiological processes, including oxidative stress, and their clinical significance for the diagnosis and treatment of hypoxic conditions are thoroughly discussed. For diagnosing the severity of hypoxia, not only gas blood parameters but also a comprehensive study of hematological changes are crucial. The article emphasizes the need for further research to develop new diagnostic methods and therapies for hypoxic states.

Vitaminns - essential for the normal growth and development of the body and are chemical organic compounds found in relatively small amounts. Vitamins-in the norm of various biochemical and physiological processes in a living organism they are substances that ensure their passage. Human and animal organism without vitamins can not live for a long time, hypovitaminosis when food lacks vitamins, absolutely in the absence of avitaminosis occurs. Deficiency of vitamins in the body or the main reasons why it should not be at all: vitamins in the composition of the feed lack or not at all, and some are absorbed through the intestinal wall the fact that it does not get, the nutrients contain vitamins (in the digestive organs) negative factors that interfere with its synthesis, including antibiotic or sulfonamide are preparations and include their continuous intake.

This article analyzes the current dynamics of chromosomal diseases in the context of medical biology, reflecting changes in the frequency, structure, and risk factors influencing the development of chromosomal abnormalities in humans.

Aseptic necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is a severe degenerative disease leading to persistent disability in working-age patients. This review article analyzes current views on the role of physiotherapy and traditional exercise therapy in preventive measures for ANFH. Particular attention is given to the pathogenetic rationale for using methods aimed at improving regional hemodynamics, strengthening the muscular corset, correcting biomechanical disorders, and activating the body's own reparative capacities. Based on a literature review, it is concluded that integrating modern physiotherapy procedures and time-tested traditional practices into comprehensive programs for at-risk patients offers significant potential.

Gout is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by the accumulation of urate crystals in the body due to impaired uric acid metabolism. This article analyzes the clinical course of gout, its main stages, symptomatic manifestations, and the effectiveness of modern rehabilitation methods. With the integrated use of physiotherapy, pharmacology, and dietary therapy during rehabilitation, patients' quality of life significantly improves. The study results indicate that an integrated approach reduces pain and accelerates functional recovery in patients with gout.

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the clinical course of COVID-19, alterations in maternal steroid hormone levels, and associated perinatal outcomes in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the third trimester. A total of 100 pregnant women were enrolled, including 100 patients with confirmed COVID-19. The findings demonstrated that even mild forms of the infection were associated with increased maternal risks, whereas severe disease was accompanied by a significant decline in estradiol and progesterone concentrations, indicating impaired uteroplacental blood flow. The most frequent obstetric complications included iron-deficiency anemia (37.5%), threatened preterm birth (27.5%), and a high cesarean section rate (47.5%). Neonatal resuscitation was required in 7.5% of cases. Overall, the study confirms that COVID-19 substantially increases the risk of adverse clinical and perinatal outcomes in late pregnancy.

To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive correction of mitochondrial dysfunction in improving ovarian reserve, endometrial receptivity, and fertility outcomes in infertile women.

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers — ROS, MDA and TAC — and ovarian function parameters, as well as to determine their diagnostic value in the early detection of folliculogenesis disorders. A prospective study conducted in 2024–2025 included 90 women divided into three groups based on oxidative stress levels. Women with high oxidative stress demonstrated significantly reduced AMH levels, elevated FSH and nearly a threefold decrease in AFC. ROS and MDA levels were markedly elevated, while TAC was significantly reduced. Correlation analysis revealed a strong negative association between ROS and AMH, a moderate negative association with AFC, and a positive association with FSH. ROC analysis demonstrated an AUC of 0.84 for ROS > 30%, whereas the combined marker AMH < 1.1 ng/mL + ROS > 32% achieved an AUC of 0.91. Overall, oxidative stress biomarkers were shown to have high predictive value for early identification of folliculogenesis impairment and declining ovarian reserve.

This prospective randomized study evaluated the pharmacokinetic, hormonal, and clinical performance of three progesterone formulations—oral dydrogesterone, vaginal micronized progesterone, and intramuscular (IM) progesterone—used for luteal phase support (LPS) in assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles. Ninety patients undergoing IVF/ICSI were allocated into three equal groups. Primary outcomes included zardob P4 levels, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and endometrial receptivity parameters. IM progesterone achieved the highest zardob P4 concentrations (p<0.001), whereas the vaginal formulation demonstrated superior effects on implantation and endometrial receptivity. Oral dydrogesterone, despite high patient convenience, resulted in comparatively lower P4 levels. Overall, progesterone route selection should be individualized using pharmacokinetic principles and zardob P4 monitoring.