Eurasian Journal of Academic Research

The article provides a comparative analysis of commodity structure of exports in the Republic of Uzbekistan, its indicators for the recent years. Also suggestions and offers for further structural improvement of the export were developed.

This article contains 6-7 Thoughts and comments were made about the specific significance of psychological changes that occur in young children. The article also contains views on the expression of objectivity and character traits as a psychological process within the framework of children's personal development. The article analyzes the scientific work of scientists on this topic and their theories, and explains the concepts related to child psychology.

This article examines the analysis of the concept of text in linguistics, one of the most fundamental issues in text linguistics. It presents and analyzes the views of scholars who study texts. The main challenges in defining text are discussed.

This article is dedicated to improving the methodology of software design to develop students' professional and creative competencies in the context of digitalization. The study analyzes the significance of digital technologies and software in the education system. The article proposes innovative methodologies to enhance the effectiveness of software design in developing professional and creative competencies. By using digital tools in the educational process, students can further develop their professional skills. The research discusses modern methods of software design in the education system and the necessary conditions for enhancing professional and creative competencies. This article provides practical recommendations for educators and educational organizations to develop innovative approaches and improve the use of digital technologies to foster professional and creative competencies.

This article analyzes the role of technology in improving the professional knowledge of primary school students. A great role of technology in the development of professional knowledge of students is played by this discipline and is an important tool for teaching students modern professions and practices. The article discusses how technology science is applied in primary education and its role in shaping students' professional abilities. The results of the study show that the integration of technology into the educational process increases students' interest in learning, positively affects the development of their knowledge and skills. The article also deals with emerging problems and ways to overcome them in connection with the application of technology to the educational process. This study proposes new approaches and methods to further increase the importance of technology science in the education system.

Formation of a culture of proper use of media for students with disabilities is one of the important aspects of the modern education system. While the widespread use of information technology opens up new opportunities for students, its misuse can lead to various problems. This study analyzes the ways in which media use is fostered among students with disabilities through classroom activities. The results of the study show that students learn to use media effectively through specially adapted educational approaches and innovative educational technologies. In the research process, pedagogical experiments, observation and survey methods were used. Based on the results obtained, practical recommendations have been developed for further development of the culture of media use for students with disabilities. This article serves as an important scientific and methodical material for teachers and educational organizations.

The peculiarity of the laws developed in the United States on determining the amount of moral damages and the system created on this issue. Studying US legislation and practice, implementing this practice into the legislation of our country can be a solution to the problems of determining the amount of moral damage compensation.

This article analyzes the significance of the letter motif in the plot of the epic “Rustamkhon”. This letter, written by contemporaries, appears in the epic as a means of deceiving Sultankhan and slandering Khuraim. The content of the letter and its impact on the fate of the heroes are studied, and it is analyzed as a key factor in the development of the plot. The role of the letter motif in the epic in the traditional literary method is also highlighted.

This article analyzes the importance of studying and implementing foreign experiences in improving the clothing and supply systems for military personnel in Uzbekistan. Successful experiences from foreign countries, especially in developing modern military clothing systems and their implementation, are being applied to enhance Uzbekistan's army supply system. The article examines the significance of this process and the reforms and innovations being carried out in Uzbekistan based on foreign experiences to meet the needs of military personnel.

In this article, the theme of homeland and people in the poetry of the famous Karakalpak poet Ibrayim Yusupov is distinguished by its deep patriotism and emotional richness. His works vividly depict the beauty of Karakalpakstan, the struggle and resilience of the people, and the cultural heritage that connects them. Yusupov expresses a sense of national identity and devotion to the Motherland through the use of strong images, metaphors, and symbolic meanings. This study emphasizes that his poetry is a reflection of historical struggles and serves as a source of inspiration for future generations. Furthermore, this article examines the extent to which his poetic expressions align with the broad literary traditions that celebrate national pride and cultural identity. In this article, by analyzing the poet's recurring themes and stylistic choices, his constant influence on Karakalpak literature is clarified.

This article will cover modern and effective methods that serve to increase interest in musical works in preschool adults. In particular, through playful activities, pedagogical approaches are analyzed aimed at the formation of love for music, the use of interactive technologies, the development of children's aesthetic taste. It also reflects on the creative techniques used in the process of musical training, the role of the music teacher and the cooperation of the family.

In today's globalized world, the demand for professionally competent English teachers, particularly those specializing in English for Specific Purposes (ESP), has significantly increased. This article explores effective strategies for enhancing ESP students' professional competence in teaching English. It discusses the integration of subject-specific knowledge, pedagogical skills, and practical training to equip future ESP instructors with the necessary expertise. The study highlights the role of innovative teaching methodologies, technology-assisted learning, and experiential practices such as case studies, simulations, and internships. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of continuous professional development, reflective teaching, and collaboration with industry professionals to align ESP instruction with real-world needs. By adopting a comprehensive approach to training, ESP students can develop the linguistic, methodological, and intercultural competencies required for effective English teaching in specialized fields. The findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on teacher education, offering insights into best practices for preparing ESP educators to meet the evolving demands of their profession.

The study evaluated the productivity of Gossypium barbadense L. genotypes under drought and salinity. ANOVA was used to analyze yield parameters of 10 genotypes under optimal, water-deficient, and saline conditions. Genotypes T-479 (23.01 g) and T-2090 (21.72 g) showed high drought tolerance, while Duru-gavhar-4 (15.98 g) and T-2024 (15.54 g) exhibited salinity resilience. Environmental factors accounted for 79% of yield variability. Stress-tolerant genotypes are recommended for breeding programs to develop adaptive cotton varieties.

This article presents information on the selection of promising samples from 25 potato varieties. Based on the results of the experiment, there are data on the L-65 line, which showed high results in germination, budding, flowering, number of stems, stem height and yield indicators from the day of planting potato tubers

The article discusses the theoretical foundations of the use of Internet technologies in the educational process. The analysis of modern approaches to the use of digital platforms, online resources and interactive tools in educational activities is carried out. The pedagogical effectiveness of the introduction of Internet technologies is substantiated, the basic principles and conditions of their successful use in the educational environment are revealed. Special attention is paid to the transformation of the roles of teachers and students in the context of digitalization of education. The work is based on modern research in the field of pedagogy, information technology and the psychology of learning, as well as on practical examples of the integration of Internet resources into the educational process.

This article discusses the analysis of the state of foreign trade indicators of the Republic of Uzbekistan. During the analysis, the country's foreign trade activities, main sectors of export and import, partner countries and trade relations, as well as foreign trade policy, problems and solutions were studied. The article emphasizes that the export potential of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the development of high-value-added products and services exports, and the expansion of new cooperation opportunities are of great importance for further improving the foreign trade situation and economic growth.

The article presents the level of electrical energy supply of pumping stations, their energy supply, operating modes of pumping units, economic costs and other information.

Today, there is a high growth in the production of vegetable oil in the world, which is one of the leading in the food production industry. Distillation in the extraction system at vegetable oil production plants is one of the most complex and energy-intensive processes. Therefore, the introduction of intensive methods necessary for the production of vegetable oils, the creation of modern equipment and technology is of scientific and practical importance.

The article analyzes the pedagogical aspects of forming ecological thinking and culture among youth. It covers issues of developing ecological culture at various stages of education: preschool, primary, secondary, and higher education. The role of family, school, and society in developing an individual's ecological consciousness and moral views is demonstrated. Proposals for improving ecological education and upbringing, the importance of local studies, and ways to integrate theory and practice in forming ecological consciousness are presented.

The article describes the peculiarities of rice grain, analyzes differential equations of heat and moisture transfer, and develops recommendations for calculating heat and moisture transfer during drying of rice grain.

This article analyzes the integration of digital technologies and innovative methods into the modern educational process. Today, changes in the education system and the rapid development of information technologies require new approaches to pedagogical activity. From this perspective, the article explores interactive forms of teaching, effective ways of using digital tools, and the essence of advanced pedagogical practices. Based on pedagogical approaches, the article discusses opportunities to increase students' interest in learning, foster independent thinking, and improve the quality of the educational process. Factors affecting the effectiveness of education and practical recommendations for their implementation are also presented.

This article analyzes scientific approaches and methodology for determining the number of tubules in the plant Silybum marianum Gaertn.L. The morphological structure of the plant and the importance of the number of tubes in the flowering process play an important role in understanding the ecological and agronomic effectiveness of the plant. The study examines various methods for determining the number of tubes, including the visual approach, photographic and computer programs, structural analysis, and mathematical modeling. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are described, and the possibilities of their application for scientific research are studied. The article emphasizes the importance of these methods for a deeper understanding of the morphological and ecological characteristics of the plant Silybum marianum.

Stylistic devices form the critical basis for all cognitive processes that include thinking and remembering and transmitting messages. The article evaluates how rhetoric and figurative language techniques support mental operations like conceptual mapping and inference along with memory retention and how they mold message expression during communication. The article demonstrates how metaphor and repetition along with irony and personification and simile operate across storytelling for instruction as well as everyday conversation and literary content by using theories from discourse pragmatics and cognitive linguistics. The discussion shows how stylistic devices simultaneously support mental processes and improve person-to-person message delivery through numerous real-world examples.

The article examines the problem of the formation of reading and information culture among younger schoolchildren as a key pedagogical task of modern education. Based on the analysis of scientific works by Russian researchers (T.G. Galaktionova, V.N. Zborovskaya, Yu.P. Melentyeva, N.V. Ponomareva, S.A. Trubnikov), the essence of reader's culture as a complex phenomenon, including the culture of selection, perception and comprehension of texts, is revealed. Special attention is paid to the three-level model of reading culture (pre-communicative, communicative, post-communicative phases) and its transformation in the context of digitalization. The author analyzes various ways of reading (learning, search, introductory, selective) and their role in the development of information literacy of students. It emphasizes the need for children to develop conscious reading practices, critical thinking, and skills in working with multimodal texts. The article is addressed to teachers, librarians and researchers in the field of pedagogy and library science.

This article discusses the importance of Bloom’s Taxonomy in primary education and how to effectively use it in the classroom. The article analyzes the theoretical foundations of the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains of the taxonomy and provides practical recommendations for formulating lesson goals and objectives for each domain, taking into account the age characteristics of primary school students. The article also discusses ways to develop critical thinking, problem solving, creativity, and motivation to learn in students using Bloom’s Taxonomy. The article provides example lesson plans for various subjects and discusses the benefits of integrating Bloom’s Taxonomy into teachers’ teaching practices.

In the 21st century, digital transformation is deeply transforming the educational system, replacing traditional teaching methods with new interactive, flexible and effective forms. Taking this into account, this article will analyze the concept of digitization of the educational sphere, its role and basic technologies in modern education. In addition, the adopted state programs and legal framework for digitization in the educational system of Uzbekistan will be analyzed and the existing problems and proposals will be put forward.

The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of clinical and laboratory features of gas gangrene pathogens based on data from Tashkent State Clinical Hospital No. 1. Clinical cases, pathogen identification methods, therapy approaches, and treatment outcomes were analyzed. The dependence of the severity of the course on the Clostridium species has been established. The findings demonstrate the relevance of early diagnosis and a multi-step approach to treatment.

This article considers theoretical and methodological approaches to the development of critical thinking in junior schoolchildren through game activities. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical characteristics of elementary school students, the expediency of using game technologies in the educational process as a means of activating thinking activity is substantiated. Pedagogical conditions that ensure the effectiveness of critical thinking development are identified: the presence of problematic game situations, organization of discussions, stimulation of analysis and argumentation. Examples of game tasks aimed at the formation of logical operations, the ability to evaluate, justify and make decisions are given. The formulated conclusions emphasize the need for systematic and methodologically sound inclusion of game methods in the teaching process in elementary school.

The article is devoted to the criminological characteristics of persons who have committed harassment and violence against women in the family. The study examines the socio-demographic characteristics, personal and psychological characteristics of the perpetrators of such crimes, as well as the factors influencing their behavior. The causes of violence, conflicts in family relationships, and the role of the social environment are analyzed. Based on statistical data and criminological studies, the features of criminal behavior of individuals are revealed, and proposals for their prevention and rehabilitation are made.

This article examines how artificial intelligence (AI) assistants affect English language learners' motivation, with a particular emphasis on Uzbekistan. Chatbots, intelligent tutoring systems, and gamified platforms are examples of AI-powered language learning technologies that provide individualized learning experiences that adjust to the demands of each individual learner, increasing motivation and engagement. The paper explains how these AI technologies support interactive learning, enable instant feedback, and integrate gamification—all of which help to sustain high levels of student enthusiasm.

This article discusses the issues of improving the methodology for the formation of graphic competence necessary for the design activities of future teachers of technology. Modern methods of developing graphic competence, information and communication technologies integrated into the educational process, and the results achieved on the basis of experimental work are presented.

The development of international relations, the processes of globalization in the world require the application of the norms of international law and foreign law in the law enforcement processes in different countries, including the courts. In this regard, a number of practical problems arise in the emergence and resolution of various conflicts of national and international importance in the framework of the application of international law and foreign law. According to national court statistics, in the last three years, economic courts have applied international law only in the recognition and enforcement of foreign court and international arbitration decisions, and in cases complicated by a foreign element, the application of foreign law in only two cases. These indicators show that these issues are not sufficiently addressed in the context of national legislation and case law, and are relevant in the study.

This article is aimed at an in-depth analysis of morphometric characters of the family Gryllidae. The study identified key parameters such as body length, head, eyes, antennae, and legs between species, and used statistical analysis methods to study their differences and the influence of environmental conditions

Karl Yakovlevich Reichel, a well-known researcher of Russian folklore and ethnographer, had a great influence on the study of Karakalpak culture and folklore. His works are devoted to a deep analysis of the situation of the Karakalpak people. Karakalpak folklore explains the wonderful world of rich traditions, legends, fairy tales and songs that Karl Yakovlevich Reichel learned himself. In this article we will look at the life and work of Karl Yakovlevich Reichel, his contribution to the study of Karakalpak folklore, and the unique features of this folklore.

The article examines the key psychological and pedagogical aspects of the introduction of digital technologies into speech therapy activities. It analyzes the transformation of the interaction between a speech therapist and a student in the context of digitalization of education, the peculiarities of the perception of the digital environment by children with speech disorders, as well as the requirements for the professional training of specialists. The risks and prospects of digitalization of speech therapy practice from the standpoint of modern pedagogical science are reflected.

The article provides a review of both domestic and international literature focused on disorders related to the dysfunction of the temporomandibular joints (TMJ). This condition occurs when the normal functioning of the joints is disrupted, leading to changes in the load distribution and the movement of the lower jaw. Dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can arise from various causes, with the most common factors being malocclusion, issues with the masticatory muscles, and other influences affecting TMJ function. When restoring the integrity of teeth and dental arches or aligning dental contacts, therapeutic, orthodontic, and orthopedic interventions usually impact the occlusal relationship between the upper and lower teeth. Research on the correlation between the condition of the dentition, dentures, and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is diverse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between tooth loss, the condition of dentures, and the clinical outcomes of TMJ based on scientific research from both domestic and international authors.

The article discusses modern teaching methods for solving mathematical problems in elementary grades, developed as part of a master's study at the KIMYO INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY IN TASHKENT. Special attention is paid to the transformation of the role of text tasks in the light of the education reform in Uzbekistan, as well as the practical aspects of introducing innovative approaches into pedagogical practice.

Epithelial tissue is one of the four main tissues of the body. I used literature sources with the understanding that epithelial tissue covers all internal cavities and transitional areas of the body, as well as all exposed surfaces, and that it is relevant in medical procedures such as skin grafting. Relevance of the Research: Epithelial tissue is one of the most important tissues in the human body, as it protects the body from external factors, ensures the exchange of substances, and participates in secretion and absorption processes. In recent years, ecological factors, lifestyle changes, viral infections (particularly COVID-19), and the increase in oncological diseases have compelled deeper study of the functional state of epithelial tissues.

The article presents the results of scientific research conducted to assess the resistance of durum wheat varieties and lines to rust diseases in field conditions, studied in the competitive variety testing experimental field, this paper presents the results of field studies to assess the resistance of durum wheat varieties and lines to yellow rust and brown rust diseases.

The physical and chemical prоcesses оf hydratiоn and the physical and mechanical prоperties оf Pоrtland cement clinkers were studied using Devanasay shale. It has been established that, in terms оf the cоntent оf the main cоmpоnents, the оbtained twо- and three-cоmpоnent experimental Pоrtland cements with different saturatiоn cоefficient and silicate mоdule satisfy the requirements fоr industrial cements.

This article examines the importance of innovative approaches in teaching elementary school. In the modern educational process, students should not only acquire knowledge, but also develop as individuals. Innovative approaches, such as interactive games, gamification, project-based learning, and the use of digital technologies, help to increase students’ interest and ensure their active participation in lessons. Through innovative methods, it is possible to develop students’ social skills, prepare for teamwork, and improve their ability to solve problems in educational lessons. Such approaches serve not only to consolidate knowledge, but also to promote self-awareness and personal development.