AVTOMOBILLARDA ADAS TIZIMLARI: SENSORLAR INTEGRATSIYASI VA XAVFSIZLIK KO‘RSATKICHLARIGA TA’SIRI
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Аннотация:
Mazkur maqolada avtomobillarda keng joriy etilayotgan Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) tizimlarining sensorlar integratsiyasiga tayangan arxitekturasi va ushbu integratsiyaning xavfsizlik ko'rsatkichlariga ta'siri tahlil qilinadi. ADAS funksiyalarining aksariyati atrof-muhitni aniq idrok etish, vaziyatni baholash va haydovchiga o'z vaqtida ogohlantirish yoki aralashuv signalini berishga tayanadi. Shuning uchun kamera, radar, ultratovush, GNSS/IMU va ba'zan lidar kabi turli sensorlardan keladigan ma'lumotlarni birlashtirish (sensor fusion) tizimning real sharoitlarda barqaror ishlashida hal qiluvchi omil hisoblanadi. Maqolada sensorlar integratsiyasining texnik mohiyati, kalibrlash va sinxronlash muammolari, qaror qabul qilish zanjirida kechikishlar, noto'g'ri pozitiv va noto'g'ri negativ holatlar bilan bog'liq xavflar yoritiladi. Xavfsizlik samaradorligini baholashda politsiya qayd etgan hodisalar bo'yicha to'qnashuv chastotasi, jarohatlanishli hodisalar ulushi, fatal yo'ldan chiqib ketish hodisalaridagi kamayish, shuningdek NCAP protokollari doirasidagi Safety Assist kabi ko'rsatkichlar muhim mezon sifatida ko'rib chiqiladi. Natijalarda AEB (avtomatik favqulodda tormozlash) va LKA (yo'lakda ushlab turish) kabi funksiyalar bo'yicha real statistikalarda kuzatilgan ijobiy effektlar sensorlar integratsiyasi sifati bilan bevosita bog'liqligi asoslanadi. Shuningdek, funksional xavfsizlik va "intended functionality" xavfsizligi doirasidagi standartlar ADAS dizaynida tizimli yondashuvni talab qilishi ko'rsatib beriladi.
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