REZERFORD TAJRIBALARI ALFA-ZARRALARINING SOCHILISHI RENTGEN NURLARI FOTOEFFEKT VA FOTONLARZAMONAVIY FIZIKANING ASOSIY KASHFIYOTLARI
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Аннотация:
Ushbu maqolada Rezerfordning alfa-zarralari sochilishi tajribasi, atom tuzilishini o‘rganishda amalga oshirilgan inqilobiy kashfiyotlar, rentgen nurlarining qisqa to‘lqinli chegarasi, fotoeffekt va fotonlar haqida so‘z yuritiladi. Rezerfordning tajribasi atomning markazida musbat zaryadga ega yadro borligini isbotladi, bu esa atom modelini yangilashga olib keldi. Alfa-zarralari sochilishi nazariyasiga asoslangan Rezerford formulasi yordamida atom yadrosining zaryadi va tuzilishini hisoblash imkoniyati yaratildi. Rentgen nurlari va fotoeffektning kashfiyoti kvant mexanikasi asosida ilmiy rivojlanishga turtki berdi. Fotoeffekt nazariyasiga ko‘ra, fotonlar moddaga energiya o'tkazib, elektronlarni chiqaradi. Ushbu kashfiyotlar bugungi kunda ilm-fan va texnologiyalarning rivojlanishida, xususan, tibbiyot, materialshunoslik, va energiya ishlab chiqarish sohalarida keng qo‘llanilmoqda. Maqola ilmiy kashfiyotlar va ularning zamonaviy texnologiyalarga ta’sirini tahlil qiladi.
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