O‘ZBEK VA TURK TILLARIDA ERKAK-AYOL MUROJAAT BIRLIKLARI: GENDEROLINGVISTIK VA PRAGMATIK TAHLIL

Аннотация:

The article studies the units of address in male and female speech from a gender linguistic perspective using the example of the Uzbek and Turkish languages. Explaining the difference between gender and biological sex, the author shows how society's stereotypical views of masculinity and femininity affect speech behavior. The analysis covers factors such as social status, age, profession, formal and informal situation; features such as the affectionate function of the possessive suffix -im, the abundance of emotional-expressive units in women's speech, and the predominance of professional and vulgar vocabulary in men's speech are comparatively highlighted. Titles and deictics such as "begim", "padişahum", "hazrat momo" in historical sources, euphemistic forms such as "canım", "jonim" in modern speech, and negatively colored insults such as "khumpar", "chyort", "jouvonmarg" are classified semantically and pragmatically. As a result, a complex system of reference units is revealed, which is formed in accordance with gender, social environment, and cultural context; the research demonstrates its relevance for sociolinguistics, pragmatics, and cultural studies