«MAQSADLI SANKSIYALAR» KONSEPSIYASI VA UNING AMALIYOTDA QOʻLLANISH MASALALARI
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Abstract:
Zamonaviy xalqaro munosabatlar tizimida iqtisodiy sanksiyalar diplomatiya va harbiy kuch ishlatish o‘rtasidagi strategik bo‘shliqni to‘ldiruvchi vosita sifatida tobora ko‘proq qo‘llanilmoqda. Shu jarayonda “maqsadli sanksiyalar” yoki “smart sanctions” konsepsiyasi xalqaro huquq amaliyotida alohida o‘rin egalladi. Ushbu yondashuvning shakllanishi XX asrning oxirlarida, ayniqsa 1990-yillardagi Iroq sanksiyalari tajribasidan keyin boshlangan. O‘sha davrda joriy etilgan keng qamrovli sanksiyalar tinch aholiga katta zarar yetkazgani, oziq-ovqat va tibbiy resurslar tanqisligiga sabab bo‘lgani tufayli xalqaro hamjamiyat bunday choralarni insonparvarlik tamoyillariga zid deb baholadi. Natijada sanksiyalarni bevosita hukumat rahbarlari, siyosiy elita yoki qurolli mojarolarda ishtirok etayotgan shaxslarga qaratish g‘oyasi yuzaga keldi.
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