Social Sciences in the modern world: theoretical and practical research

this article covers the role of the team in the development of organizational skills in the personality of a small school-age student.

Ushbu maqolada yengil atletikaning yugurish bo’limining tekis masofa bo’ylab yugurishdagi  qisqa masofaga yuguruvchi (sprint) larning  jismoniy sifatlardan eng muhimlari bo’lgan tezkorlik va chidamlilik sifatlarini rivojlantirishga  yordam beradigan maxsus mashqlar hamda  organizmidagi antropometrik o’zgarishlar haqida bayon etilgan.

Fiduciary duties are primarily aimed at protecting the interests of the beneficiary based on the principles of honesty, loyalty, care, and prudent management. This article analyzes the importance of fiduciary relationships in the management of beneficiary property in modern legal systems, the formation of fiduciary duties, and their role in ensuring legal relationships. It also examines the state of national legislation, identifies legal gaps, and emphasizes the need to address them. Furthermore, the article critically addresses the absence of normative-legal foundations that clearly define the rights and obligations of fiduciaries and beneficiaries in national legislation, and proposes suggestions for improving national laws. In addition, based on international experience, the article emphasizes the need to establish legal foundations for ensuring the effective management of beneficiary property by strengthening fiduciary relationships legally.

In this article we will consider the origin and role of cosmonyms, their typology and significance for science and culture. Names of planets and their satellites, names of stars and constellations, names of galaxies, names of comets and asteroids, names of individual star systems and clusters. These names have both scientific and cultural significance, reflecting man's interest in space exploration and his centuries-old desire to understand the secrets of the Universe.

This article explores the stylistic features of literary and newspaper texts, focusing on their linguistic, structural, and functional distinctions. By analyzing these features, the study highlights how each genre employs stylistic devices to achieve specific communicative goals. The analysis emphasizes the role of creativity and formality in literary texts compared to the precision and immediacy in newspaper texts. Understanding these stylistic variations contributes to a deeper comprehension of how language is tailored to different audiences and purposes.

Ushbu maqola Amerika ingliz tilining evolyutsiyasi, tarixiy va madaniy o‘zgarishlari, shuningdek, yangi emigratsiya to‘lqinlari, ijtimoiy o‘zgarishlar, texnologik taraqqiyot va global kommunikatsiyasining ta'sirida shakllangan omillarni, shuningdek bugungi kunda dunyo miqyosida eng ko‘p ishlatiladigan ingliz tili variantlari bo’lmish o‘ziga xos talaffuz, grammatikani qo‘llash va so‘z boyligiga ega bo’lgan Amerika va Britaniya ingliz tillari o‘rtasidagi bir nechta muhim farqlarni tahlil qiladi.

The article discusses the self-development of teachers - the ability to engage in independent learning, the effectiveness of independent learning, the need for personal development and self-development, and the availability of conditions for realizing this need.

Мақолада Хива шаҳридаги  меъморий ёдгорликлар, ўзбек миллий менталитетига хос энг муҳим жиҳатлар яъни халқимизнинг маънавиятга бўлган туғма чанқоқлиги, аждодларимиз тарихи, улар томонидан яратилган маънавий, маданий ёдгорликларни қадрлаш, мамлакатимиз ҳудудида кўп минг йиллик тарих давомида инсоният томонидан турли йўллар билан яратилганлиги, тарихий обидаларни, маданий моддий бойликларни бугунги кундаги ҳолатини ўрганиш каби жиҳатлар олиб борилган.

This article examines the reforms carried out in the sphere of judicial power in recent years in our country, the introduction of new institutions for conducting court cases, the process of re-examining judicial acts in the revision procedure, the right to appeal in the revision procedure, courts considering complaints in the revision procedure, the procedure for filing a complaint in the revision procedure, written about the number, the term for considering a complaint in the revision procedure and some issues of considering revision cases by courts.

The investigation of crimes related to violations of information technology regulations in the Republic of Uzbekistan presents an urgent and complex challenge in the context of society's digital transformation. Within the framework of current legislation, including the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Informatization" (2003) and other regulatory acts, such crimes encompass unauthorized access to information systems, data breaches, cyberattacks, and non-compliance with critical infrastructure protection requirements. The key entities responsible for investigations are specialized units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the State Security Service, which collaborate with IT experts to analyze digital traces, conduct cybernetic examinations, and ensure the preservation of electronic evidence. However, the process is complicated by the rapid advancement of technologies, cybercriminals' use of encryption and anonymization techniques, and the transnational nature of cybercrimes, which necessitates international cooperation. Violations in the sphere of informatization pose risks to national security, the economy, and citizens' privacy, which is particularly critical in the context of implementing state digitalization programs.

This article discusses the spatial cases as “barıs”, “shıǵıs” and “orın” in karakalpak language and their expressions in English.

Ushbu maqola tilshunoslik to‘g‘risida ba’zi faylasuflarning falsafiy qarashlari bayon etilgan. Falsafaning tilshunoslikka ta’sir qilgan jihatlari. Til to‘g‘risida ba’zi tavsiflar, fikr va muloxazalar keltirib o’tilgan.

В статье рассматривается роль искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) в уголовном процессе, его потенциал для оптимизации расследования преступлений, анализа доказательств и вынесения судебных решений. Особое внимание уделено правовым и этическим аспектам внедрения ИИ, а также возможным рискам, связанным с его использованием. Автор анализирует перспективы развития ИИ в сфере уголовного судопроизводства и предлагает меры по минимизации связанных с этим угроз.

Ekotizim — bu aloqalar o'zgaruvchan va murakkabdir, bu tabiat va uning tarkibiy qismlarining o'zaro aloqada bo'lgan tizimi bo'lib. Insonlar va ularning jamiyatlaridagi o'zaro munosabatlar va madaniy an'analarga ham taalluqli, ekotizim atamasi asosan biologiya va ekologiya fanlarida ishlatilsa ham. Qadriyatlari va ekologik ongining shakllanishiga katta ta'sir ko‘rsatadi, tildagi ifodalanishi xalqning tabiiy olamga bo‘lgan munosabati. o'zining tarixiy tajribasi, tabiatga bo‘lgan qarashlari, va zamonaviy ekologik muammolar bilan bog‘liq o‘ziga xos xususiyatlarni, o‘zida aks ettiradi, har bir til va madaniyat.Ingliz tili dunyo miqyosida dominant tildan biri bo‘lib, ekologik muammolarni global darajada yoritishda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Shu bilan birga, o'zbek tili, milliy madaniyat va qadriyatlarni o'z ichiga olgan, tabiat va uning resurslariga nisbatan hurmatni ta'kidlaydigan til sifatida ajralib turadi. Ekotizimlarning milliy-madaniy xususiyatlari tildagi ko‘plab iboralar, atamalar va tasavvurlar orqali ifodalanadi. Bundan tashqari  ingliz va o'zbek tillarida ekotizimning milliy-madaniy xususiyatlarini solishtiramiz va har bir tilning ekologik qarashlarini chuqur tahlil qilamiz.

Ushbu tezisda lotin tili va tibbiy terminologiya fanining tibbiyotdagi roli va ahamiyati to’g’risida fikr yuritilgan. Unda lotin tilining kelib chiqish tarixi, tibbiyotda lotincha terminlarning ishlatilishi, o’rni va o’ziga xos xususiyatlari borasida tahlillar asosida ma’lumotlar berilgan.

Hozirgi zamon muammolari, jumladan, iqlim o‘zgarishi, yer va suv resurslarining degradatsiyasi sharoitida, ekologik funksiyaning huquqiy asoslarini shakllantirishda, O‘zbekiston parlamentidan ilg‘or va ilmiy asoslangan qonunlarni qabul qilishni talab etadi. Shu bilan birga, milliy xususiyatlarni hisobga olib, iqtisodiy rivojlanish va ekologik manfaatlar o‘rtasida muvozanatni ta’minlash hamda fuqarolik jamiyatini ekologik qonun ijodkorligiga jalb etish muhim ahamiyatga ega hisoblanadi.

Mazkur maqolada raqobatbardoshlikni oshirishda klaster tizimining institutsional ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Klaster yondashuvi global iqtisodiyotda strategik rivojlanish omili sifatida qaralib, u ishlab chiqarish samaradorligi, innovatsion faoliyat va bozor talablariga tez moslashish imkoniyatlarini kengaytiradi. Tadqiqot davomida klaster tizimining normativ-huquqiy asoslari, davlat va xususiy sektor hamkorligi, ilmiy-tadqiqot institutlarining roli hamda klasterlar orqali eksport salohiyatini kengaytirish masalalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Klaster tizimi doirasida resurslardan samarali foydalanish, tannarxni pasaytirish va ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy barqarorlikni ta’minlash bo‘yicha ilmiy asoslangan tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.

Ushbu maqolada ingliz va o‘zbtk tillarida somatizmlarni ifodalovchi topishmoqlarning strukturaviy va sintaktik xususiyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Somatik ltksika tilning asosiy tarkibiy qismlaridan biri bo‘lib, u inson tanasi a’zolari va ularning funksiyalari bilan bog‘liq tushunchalarni ifodalaydi. Maqolada ushbu topishmoqlarning grammatik va sintaktik tuzilishi, ularning mttaforik va stmantik xususiyatlari qiyosiy tahlil qilinadi. Natijalar ingliz va o‘zbtk topishmoqlarida somatizmlarning o‘xshash va farqli jihatlarini aniqlashga xizmat qiladi.

Nosocomial infections (NI) remain one of the most pressing healthcare issues worldwide. Their significance is determined by high morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged hospital stays, and the economic costs associated with treating complications.

Ushbu tezisda elektron tezаuruslarning qidiruv tizimlari bilan integratsiyasi va ularning axborot qidiruvini optimallashtirishdagi roli tahlil qilinadi. Elektron tezаuruslar semantik tahlil, qidiruv doirasini kengaytirish, natijalarni dolzarblashtirish va mavzular bo‘yicha tasniflash imkonini beradi. Shuningdek, tezаuruslar sun’iy intellekt va mashina tarjimasi tizimlarida keng qo‘llaniladi. Qidiruv tizimlarining samaradorligini oshirish uchun elektron tezаuruslarni ishlab chiqish, ularni tahlil qilish va integratsiyalash texnologiyalari muhim ahamiyatga ega.

Ushbu maqolada ijtimoiy psixologiya doirasida oilaviy munosabatlarning shakllanishi,rivojlanishi va barqarorligi haqida so’z yuritiladi.Oilaviy psixologiya insonlarning oila ichidagi o’zaro munosabatlarning, kommunikatsiya jarayonlari, konfliktlar va ularning yechimlarini, shuningdek, oilaviy rollarning ta’sirini o’rganadi. Mustahkam oilaviy munosabatlar inson ruhiyati va jamiyat barqarorligi uchun muhim ahamiyatga ega. Maqolada oilada kommunikatsiya usullari, oila a’zolari o’rtasidagi emotsional bog’liqliklar, nizolarni bartaraf etish strategiyalari va farzand tarbiyasining psixologik jihatlari yoritib beriladi.Shuningdek,zamonaviy oilalarda uchraydigan muammolar va ularni hal qilish yo’llari muhokama qilinadi. Maqola oilaviy psixologiya bilan shug’ullanadigan mutaxassislar, pedagoglar va oilaviy munosabatlar psixologiyasiga qiziqqan har bir inson uchun foydali bo’lishi mumkin.

This research adapted the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) framework to assess Uzbekistan's digital performance, identify areas for improvement, and propose evidence-based policy recommendations to enhance the country's digital economy and infrastructure. Aligned with the "Digital Uzbekistan 2030" strategy, the study employed a quantitative approach, combining primary data from surveys of 62 enterprises and secondary data from government and international sources. Data analysis followed the DESI Methodological Note, focusing on its four dimensions. Ethical practices, such as voluntary participation and reliance on open-source data, were maintained. The study revealed Uzbekistan's DESI score of 0.42, comparable to lower-performing EU countries, highlighting significant gaps in Human Capital and Connectivity. Despite limitations like data availability, regional disparities, and a small sample size, the research offers critical insights and actionable recommendations for advancing Uzbekistan's digital transformation.

Ushbu maqola madaniy ta’sir va an’anaviy tarjimalar o’rtasidagi bog’lanishni tahlil etadi. Madaniyat va til o’rtasidagi aloqalarni o’rganib, an’anaviy ifodalar va qadriyatlarning tarjimasi, jamiyatdagi til va madaniyat o’zgarishlariga qanday ta’sir ko’rsatishi ko’rib chiqiladi. Maqolada madaniy elementlar va tilning ahamiyati, ularning xalq hayotidagi o’rni, va xalqaro kommunikatsiyada madaniyatlarning qanday aks etishi tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, tarjimalar va madaniy o’zlikni saqlashning o’ziga xos jihatlari va globalizatsiya jarayonidagi yangi qiyinchiliklar ham yoritiladi. Maqola madaniy va lingvistik tadqiqotlarga qiziqqan olimlar, talaba va ilmiy jamoatchilik uchun muhim manba hisoblanadi.

This article explores the significance of recognizing students' online and offline learning styles in modern education. The study provides an in-depth analysis of various learning methods and their effectiveness in improving students' academic performance. The article also highlights the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches and emphasizes the importance of blended learning for optimal results.

O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasida mustahkamlab qo‘yilgan inson huquqlari va erkinliklarini ta’minlashda, jamiyatda qonuniylik va huquq-tartibotni mustahkamlashda hamda qonun hujjatlarini amaliyotda qo‘llash samaradorligini oshirish va takomillashtirishda sud hokimiyati alohida o‘rin tutadi. Shu sababli ham jamiyatda va davlat boshqaruvida sud organlarining nufuzini oshirish, sudyalarning chinakam mustaqilligini va faqat qonunlarga asoslanib ish yuritishini ta’minlash mamlakatimizda huquqiy demokratik davlat va fuqarolik jamiyatini qurishdagi muhim shartlardan biri hisoblanadi.

The article analyzes the internal policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran during the presidency of Mohammad Khatami (1997–2005) and his reforms aimed at the liberalization of society. The concepts of an "Islamic civil society" and the "Dialogue of Civilizations" initiative, proposed by Khatami, promoted trends of modernization and democratization in Iran's internal and foreign policies. Ambitions to reform the fundamentals of Velayat-e Faqih (the rule of the religious leader) faced resistance from conservative forces. Additionally, the article explores efforts toward economic and social transformations.

in the history of independent Uzbekistan, opinions are expressed on the legal basis of population health, especially the protection of mothers and children, the adopted Constitution and the activities of regulatory documents on the path of this goal.

Ushbu maqolada Buxoro amirligini eng mashhur amirlaridan biri Amir Nasurullohxoni tug`ulishi hokimyat tepasiga kelishi, mamalakat sarhadlarini birlashtirishi kabi ishlari yoritiladi.

Ma’lumki, o‘zining  rivojlanishi ko‘p asrlik tarixga ega bo‘lib, yillar davomida  chuqur o‘rganilgan va falsafiy kategoriya, ilmiy tushuncha, uslubiy ta’rif, fikrlash faoliyat mexanizmi sifatida mavjud bo‘lgan refleksiya hozirgi kunga qadar turli nuqtai nazardan ko‘rib chiqilgan va shuning uchun ko‘plab ta’riflar, turlar va tasniflarga ega.

This article describes the importance of women in the social and political life of Uzbekistan, the issue of gender equality in Uzbekistan, its problems and solutions.

This article analyzes the basic principles of marketing and its role in modern society. Important aspects of marketing strategies, the development of digital marketing and modern trends are considered. It also provides information on the methods used to strengthen customer relationships, develop a brand and become competitive. The article may be useful for entrepreneurs, researchers and specialists involved in the field of marketing.

ushbu maqolada san’at va estetika o‘rtasidagi aloqalar, shuningdek, tasviriy san’atchilar tomonidan estetik mezonlari tahlil qilinadi. Estetika san’at asarlarining go‘zalligi, shakli, ranglari, kompozitsiyasi va hissiyotlarni aks ettirishdagi rolini o‘rganadi. Tasviriy san’atchilar tomonidan bu mezonlar qanday aniqlanishi, ularning san’at asarlarini shakllantirishdagi roli va estetik qadriyatlarning rivojlanish jarayoni keng tahlil qilinadi. Maqola san’atni baholash va anglashda estetik nazariyaning rivojlanishi va uning tasviriy san’atchilar tomonidan qanday qo‘llanilishi haqida fikr yuritadi.

Ushbu maqolada xorijiy tillarni o‘qitishda qo‘llaniladigan zamonaviy metodlar tahlil qilinadi. Maqola til o‘rgatish jarayonida an'anaviy yondashuvlardan zamonaviy metodologiyalarga o‘tishning tarixiy aspektlari, metodik o‘zgarishlar va pedagogik yangiliklar haqida so‘z yuritadi. Xususan, maqolada xorijiy til o‘rgatishda kommunikativ yondashuv, immersiv texnologiyalar, interaktiv usullar va audiovizual vositalardan samarali foydalanishning ahamiyati muhokama qilinadi. Kecha va bugungi ta'lim metodologiyalari o‘rtasidagi farqlar, ularning talabalarning til o‘rganish jarayoniga ta'siri, shuningdek, yangi texnologiyalar va pedagogik yondashuvlarning qo‘llanilishining samaradorligi keltiriladi. Maqola xorijiy til o‘qituvchilari uchun metodik tavsiyalar va zamonaviy pedagogik texnikalarni amaliyotga tatbiq etish yo‘llari haqida muhim ma'lumotlar beradi.

This article analyzes how contemporary global and societal factors—such as technological advancements, globalization, and the pursuit of gender equality—are reshaping the family institution in Uzbekistan. Through historical-comparative analysis, informal surveys, interviews, and a review of legal and policy documents, the study highlights the evolving nature of traditional family structures, focusing on the increasing role of modern communication technologies and new social dynamics. Central to this examination is the influence of these changes on the value system of civil servants, whose professional responsibilities intersect with their personal family life. The findings indicate that a strong family institution remains pivotal for societal stability and the effective performance of civil servants, yet it now operates amid shifting gender roles, work-life balance pressures, and a rapidly changing information environment. The paper concludes that understanding and supporting the ongoing evolution of civil servant values—from both policy and cultural perspectives—will be vital for bolstering a resilient, forward-looking society. Recommendations include updating labor regulations for better work-family balance, expanding research on emerging family patterns, and ensuring policy alignment with these contemporary trends.

This study explores the anthropocentric analysis of somatic phraseological units in English and Uzbek languages. Since phraseological units reflect a nation's worldview, somatic expressions (related to body parts) provide valuable insights into cognitive and cultural frameworks. This research employs a comparative method to identify commonalities and differences in conceptualization patterns between the two languages. Additionally, a linguocultural approach is applied to examine how human-centered cognition influences phraseological meaning. The findings indicate that while many somatic phraseological units share universal cognitive bases, their semantic development is significantly shaped by cultural and linguistic traditions. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the interrelation between language, cognition, and culture in phraseology.

Настоящий тезис посвящен анализу прав и свобод человека, закрепленных в Конституции Республики Узбекистан. Исследование рассматривает классификацию прав, механизмы их защиты и соответствие международным стандартам. Использован метод контент-анализа конституционных норм и официальных правовых актов. В результате выявлены основные категории прав и свобод, включая личные, политические, экономические и культурные права. Также рассмотрены существующие вызовы и перспективы их реализации.

Aviatsiya sohasi har qanday davlat iqtisodiyotining muhim tarmoqlaridan biri bo‘lib, uning rivojlanishi transport infratuzilmasi, eksport-import hajmi, turizm va biznes aloqalarining kengayishi bilan uzviy bog‘liq. Aviatsiya loyihalarini moliyalashtirishda ishonchli va uzoq muddatli investitsiya manbalarining mavjudligi muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Shu nuqtai nazardan, “Tiklanish va taraqqiyot” jamg‘armasining mablag‘laridan samarali foydalanish aviatsiya sektorining barqaror rivojlanishi uchun dolzarb masalalardan biri hisoblanadi.

Ushbu maqolada farovon hayot tushunchasi mazmun-mohiyati, mezonlari va ijtimoiy ahamiyati ochib beriladi, Maqola orqali farovon hayot tushunchasining rivojlanishiga ta'sir etuvchi omillar, shuningdek, bu tushunchaning jamiyatning ijtimoiy barqarorlik va adolatga bo‘lgan ahamiyati ko‘rib chiqiladi.

В статье анализируются сложности, с которыми сталкиваются преподаватели при обучении английскому языку студентов с инвалидностью. Рассматриваются различные формы ограниченных возможностей — физические, интеллектуальные и эмоциональные — и их влияние на процесс освоения иностранного языка. Особое внимание уделяется значимости инклюзивных методик, индивидуального подхода к обучению и применению вспомогательных технологий для повышения эффективности образовательного процесса.

This article examines the concepts of terms and terminology, emphasizing their theoretical foundations and practical applications in various fields of knowledge. It explores the distinction between general vocabulary and specialized terminology, highlighting the role of terminology in ensuring accuracy and consistency in academic and professional communication. Additionally, the article discusses the processes of terminology development, standardization, and its impact on scientific research and industry practices.