Прикладные науки в современном мире: проблемы и решения

This article explores the growing significance of practical sciences in today’s rapidly changing world. It examines how practical knowledge develops across different age groups, how technological progress influences learning, and why hands-on skills are essential for academic, professional, and everyday problem-solving. The paper also analyzes how motivation and instructional strategies affect the acquisition of practical skills among children, adolescents, and adults. The findings suggest that practical sciences provide valuable competencies at any age, and with the right support and learning environment, individuals can continuously improve their practical abilities.

Mazkur maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarida kitobxonlik madaniyatini rivojlantirish orqali mustaqil fikrlash ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirishning samarali texnologiyalari yoritilgan. Kitob o‘qish jarayonida o‘quvchilarning tahliliy, tanqidiy va ijodiy fikrlashini o‘stirishga xizmat qiluvchi pedagogik metodlar, interfaol usullar hamda innovatsion yondashuvlar ilmiy asosda tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, mahalliy olimlar tadqiqotlariga asoslangan holda kitobxonlik va mustaqil fikrlash o‘rtasidagi uzviy bog‘liqlik ilmiy-nazariy jihatdan asoslab beriladi.

Ushbu tezis Davron Rajap she’riyatida ontroponimik intertekstlarning badiiy obraz yaratishdagi o‘rni va funksional-semantik imkoniyatlarini tahlil etishga bag‘ishlanadi. Tadqiqot davomida shoir lirik matnlarida tarixiy shaxslar, adabiy qahramonlar, diniy va mifologik nomlarga murojaat qilinishi orqali vujudga kelgan intertekstual qatlamning poetik mohiyati ochib beriladi. Ontroponimlar yordamida yaratilgan ishoralar, badiiy reministsensiyalar va madaniy kodlar shoir individual uslubining tarkibiy qismi sifatida qaraladi.

Tezisda O‘zbekistonda ipoteka kreditlari bozorining hozirgi holati, 2023–2025-yillarga oid rasmiy statistik ko‘rsatkichlar dinamikasi, hukumatning normativ-huquqiy islohotlari hamda moliyaviy resurslar tizimidagi o‘zgarishlar asosida sektorning kelgusi rivojlanish istiqbollari tahlil qilinadi. Markaziy bankning so‘nggi ma’lumotlari asosida ipoteka kreditlari hajmining o‘zgarishi, subsidiya siyosati va ipotekani qayta moliyalashtirish mexanizmlari baholanadi.

Mazkur maqolada duduqlanish hodisasining psixologik asoslari, nutqiy buzilish sifatidagi logopedik xususiyatlar va ushbu ikki yondashuvning o‘zaro integratsiyalashgan holda qo‘llanish zaruriyati yoritilgan. Duduqlanishning kelib chiqish mexanizmlari, uni kamaytirish hamda butunlay bartaraf etish jarayonida qo‘llaniladigan kompleks yondashuv va metodlar taqida tavsiyalar berilgan. Nutq apparatini rivojlantirish, nafas mashqlari va artikulyatsion koordinatsiyani mustahkamlash orqali ijobiy natijaga erishish imkoniyatlari yuzasidan tushunchalar berilgan.

Explaining complex scientific ideas in fields like chemistry and physics fundamentally relies on Multimodal Integration, the strategic combination of linguistic text and visuals (diagrams, graphs) to manage high cognitive demands. This study analyzes the discourse mechanisms driving effective integration, focusing on two critical factors. First, Diagram Function examines the specific role of the visual, such as representing static structure versus dynamic process. Second, Text-Visual Cohesion measures how explicitly the accompanying text refers to and interprets elements within the diagram. The research demonstrates the profound role these techniques play in lowering a reader's Cognitive Load and ensuring Conceptual Mastery. By detailing these integration strategies, the findings offer practical guidance for improving instructional material design, bridging the gap between abstract scientific models and successful comprehension, and maximizing knowledge transfer.

Authentic texts—those created for native speakers, like news reports, podcasts, and casual blogs—are essential for language learners. However, they introduce a major linguistic hurdle: phrasal verbs. These verb-plus-particle combinations (like give up or look into) are used frequently in daily conversation and informal writing, making them a defining feature of natural English. This article explores the linguistic structure of these expressions and examines their critical role in real-world texts. Understanding phrasal verbs not only improves comprehension but also helps bridge the gap between textbook learning and actual language usage, ultimately leading to stronger second language acquisition skills.

Pneumonia is a major cause of mortality worldwide, particularly in regions with limited access to expert radiologists. Deep learning has shown strong potential for automated analysis of chest X-rays, but many CNN models are too heavy for deployment in real-time or resource-constrained settings. This paper presents a lightweight deep learning framework based on transfer learning with MobileNetV2 for binary classification of chest X-ray images into Normal and Pneumonia classes. The pipeline includes systematic dataset splitting, task-specific data augmentation, a frozen MobileNetV2 backbone with a compact classification head, and evaluation using accuracy, precision, recall, confusion matrix, and ROC–AUC. Experiments on a dataset of 5856 chest X-ray images (4555 train / 600 validation / 701 test) yield a test accuracy of 89.02%, precision 92.53%, recall 91.97%, and ROC–AUC 0.95. Qualitative inspection of best-classified and misclassified images shows that the model is robust on typical cases but challenged by ambiguous or low-quality images. The proposed solution is suitable for integration into clinical decision-support tools and edge devices.

Ifodali o‘qish, avvalo, xalq san’atidir. Chunki badiiy adabiyot dastavval xalq og‘zaki ijodi shaklida paydo bo‘lgan. Xalq yaratgan asarlaming keng tarqalishida esa og'zaki ijrochilik san’ati muhim ahamiyat kasb etgan. Qo‘shiq, ertak, doston, qissa kabi og‘zaki adabiyot namunalarini yaratgan xalq namoyandasi (ertakchi, qissaxon, baxshi) bir paytning o‘zida ham ijodkor, ham ijrochi edi. Binobarin, asrlar davomida yaratilgan afsona va rivoyatlar, maqol va matallar, qo'shiq va dostonlar, og'zaki ijrochilik, ifodali nutq san’ati tufayligina bizgacha yetib keldi. Xalq yaratgan asarlar qanchalik donishmandlik va san’atkorlik mahsuli sifatida yuzaga kelgan bo‘Isa, ulam ing og‘zaki ijrochiligi ham shu qadar mahorat va san’atkorlikni talab qilgan.

The article “Fairy Tales as a Narrative Genre” explores the fundamental characteristics, structural elements, and cultural functions of fairy tales within the broader field of folklore and narrative studies. It examines the origins and evolution of fairy tales, highlighting their transformation from orally transmitted folk narratives into written literary forms. Special attention is given to narrative features such as magical motifs, archetypal characters, symbolic language, and universal plot patterns, which distinguish fairy tales from other genres. The article also discusses the pedagogical, moral, and psychological significance of fairy tales in shaping children’s worldview and cultural identity. By drawing on the works of leading folklorists and literary theorists, the study offers a comprehensive overview of fairy tales as a distinct and enduring narrative genre.

This article explores the distinction between fixed and free word combinations within the study of phraseology. Fixed word combinations, such as idioms and proverbs, are characterized by their rigid structure and non-compositional meanings, whereas free word combinations exhibit greater syntactic flexibility and transparency of meaning. The study utilizes a descriptive and comparative methodology, analyzing linguistic corpora from both spoken and written texts to identify the structural and functional differences between these two categories of word combinations. The results highlight the cognitive processes involved in the use and comprehension of fixed and free expressions, underscoring their respective roles in both native and second language acquisition. This research provides valuable insights into the importance of understanding these distinctions for linguistic theory and language learning.

This article explores the integration of cooperative learning strategies in language instruction, examining their impact on student engagement, language acquisition, and classroom dynamics. It begins with an introduction to the benefits of cooperative learning, highlighting its role in promoting peer interaction and enhancing linguistic proficiency. The literature review discusses various studies that support the effectiveness of cooperative learning, showing how strategies like jigsaw and peer discussion foster communication and reduce language anxiety. The methodology outlines a qualitative research approach that involved observing students in language classes, gathering survey data, and interviewing teachers. Results indicate that cooperative learning significantly improves student participation, motivation, and language skills, particularly in speaking and listening. The discussion reflects on these findings in relation to established theories of social learning and suggests that while challenges exist in managing group dynamics, the benefits of cooperative learning are substantial. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for careful implementation of cooperative learning strategies to ensure they are inclusive and focused on language objectives.

Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha va maktab ta’limi tizmidagi ta’lim va tarbiyani musiqa orqali yanada rivojlantirish, bolalarning estetik tarbiyani shakllanishi, ularning aqli rivojlanishi, badiiy did, etika va estetikaning shakllanishi yoritilgan. Tadqiqot davomida musiqa inson qalbiga bevosita ijobiy ta’sir etishi, bolalarda kichik yoshidan boshlab axloqiy fazilatlarning shakllanishini yunon faylasufi Aristotel hamda Sa’diy Sheroziy kabi mutafakkirlar fikrlari bilan asoslab berilgan.

This article explores the role of technology in enhancing listening comprehension skills, particularly in second language acquisition (SLA). It reviews existing literature on the effectiveness of digital tools such as podcasts, language learning apps, and speech recognition technologies in improving listening abilities. The study presents a mixed-methods approach, involving a comparison between traditional listening exercises and technology-assisted learning over an eight-week period. The results indicate that technology significantly boosts comprehension, especially when learners engage with interactive and diverse content. The article emphasizes the importance of a blended learning approach, combining traditional methods with digital tools for optimal outcomes. The findings highlight both the advantages and limitations of using technology in language learning, offering insights for educators and learners seeking to improve listening skills.

This article explores the significant role of subordinate clauses in sentence structure, emphasizing their contribution to sentence complexity, meaning, and coherence. Subordinate clauses—dependent clauses that require an independent clause to form a complete sentence—enhance communication by providing additional context, detail, and nuance. The study categorizes subordinate clauses into relative, adverbial, and complement clauses, analyzing how each type modifies the main clause. Through a corpus-based analysis of written texts, the article examines the syntactic structure of sentences with subordinate clauses, highlighting how they increase complexity and contribute to the thematic depth of discourse. The study concludes that while subordinate clauses add complexity to sentences, they also enhance linguistic precision and are essential for conveying sophisticated ideas in both academic and non-academic contexts.

This article explores innovative methods of teaching English through group work, focusing on new strategies like task-based learning and the integration of technology. By examining a qualitative study conducted with intermediate-level English learners, the article highlights how group activities promote communication, collaboration, and language acquisition in real-world contexts. The findings suggest that task-based learning and structured group work models, where specific roles are assigned to students, enhance participation and engagement. Additionally, the use of technology, such as online collaborative tools, offers students opportunities for continuous interaction and language practice. The article also discusses the challenges of unequal participation within groups and proposes strategies to address this issue. The study's outcomes provide valuable insights for language educators looking to foster active, student-centered learning environments.

This article explores innovative strategies for teaching vocabulary in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts, focusing on three methods: task-based language teaching, the use of technology, and context-based learning. The study examines their effectiveness in improving both receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge among intermediate-level EFL learners. The findings indicate that task-based teaching yields the most significant improvement in productive vocabulary use, while technology-based methods, such as mobile apps and digital games, enhance vocabulary retention. Context-based learning fosters a deeper understanding of word usage in real-world contexts. The article suggests that combining these methods may offer the most comprehensive approach for vocabulary instruction in EFL classrooms.

мақолада адвокат ва унга нисбатан туланиши лозим компенсация тўлови  муҳумлиги, хизматлари учун тўланадиган маблағдан ташқари қанча миқдорда унинг хизмат харажатларини қоплашлиги ва адвокат бу тўловга нисбатан солиқ тўловларини тўланишилиги, бунинг натижасида юридик хизматни сифат ва самарадорлиги ошиб боришлиги, адвокатура институтини янада ривожлантириш учун унинг  ижобий  ютуқларидан  самарали  фойдаланишни такомиллаштириш, компенсация тўлаш орқали кетган харажатларни қоплаш аниқ амалий кўрсаткичлар орқали кўрсатиб берилган.

Ushbu maqola “raqamli davlat” strategiyasini amalga oshirish jarayonida yuzaga keladigan menejment muammolarini tahlil qiladi. Tadqiqotda davlat boshqaruvida raqamli transformatsiyaning samaradorligini oshirishga to‘sqinlik qiluvchi omillar: kadrlar malakasi, texnologik infratuzilma, resurslarni taqsimlash va strategik rejalashtirishdagi cheklovlar o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, muammolarni bartaraf etish uchun innovatsion menejment va strategik yondashuvlarni qo‘llash bo‘yicha tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.

Qashqadaryo viloyatining qadimdan sug‘oriladigan tipik bo‘z tuproqlari sharoitida ilkbor 60x30-1 va 60x25-1 sm. ekish sxemalarida gorox (ko‘k no‘xat) navlarining Osiyo-2001, K-295 va Vostok-55 navlarining o‘sishi, rivojlanishi va urug‘lik don hosili bo‘yicha baholandi. Navlar bo‘yicha bir tup poyada o‘simlik bo‘yi 232,5-232,5 santimetrni, poyalar 3-4 donani, yon shoxlar 18-22 donani, barglar 548,7-562,6 donani, palak vazni 551,6-564,6 grammni, qo‘zoqlar soni 92,0-94,0 donani, don soni 4,0-6,6 dona, don hosili 40,5-75,2 grammni, 60x30-1 va 60x25-1 santimetr sxemada ekib yetishtirilganda o‘rganilgan gorox (ko‘k no‘xat) navlarining Osiyo-2001, K-295 va Vostok-55 navlari bo‘yicha gektarida 2,1-3,8 tonnadan urug‘lik don hosili yetishtirishni ta’minladi.

Ushbu tezisda ayollar milliy ko‘ylagini 3D modellashtirish texnologiyasi asosida zamonaviy loyihalash jarayoni yoritilgan. Ishda an’anaviy milliy kiyim elementlarini raqamli dizayn muhiti orqali qayta yaratish imkoniyatlari tahlil qilingan. 3D modellashtirishning ta’lim jarayonidagi ahamiyati va amaliy qo‘llanishi ilmiy-nazariy asoslangan. Olingan natijalar milliy liboslarni zamonaviy texnologiyalar yordamida yangicha talqinda ishlab chiqish uchun metodik asos bo‘lib xizmat qiladi.

В данной работе рассматриваются методологические подходы к изучению художественного образа исторической личности, которые позволяют исследовать механизм формирования образа в художественном тексте и закономерности его восприятия читателем. Особое внимание уделяется типологии художественного образа, определяющей структурные, жанровые и семантические особенности его построения. В рамках типологического анализа выявляются устойчивые модели репрезентации исторических персонажей, отражающие как культурный контекст эпохи, так и индивидуальный стиль автора. Интерпретация художественного образа рассматривается как динамический процесс, включающий взаимодействие исторического материала, авторского намерения и эстетических принципов произведения. В работе подчеркивается, что интерпретация не является статичным феноменом: она формируется под влиянием социально-культурных тенденций, идеологических парадигм и степени художественного условного обобщения. Анализ художественного текста демонстрирует, каким образом авторские стратегии переосмысливают историческую личность и превращают ее в художественный символ. Рецептивный аспект исследования направлен на изучение читательского восприятия и механизмов освоения художественного образа в разных культурно-временных контекстах. Рассматривается роль предзнания, исторической памяти и культурных стереотипов в процессе рецепции. Делается вывод о том, что художественный образ исторической личности представляет собой многоуровневый семиотический конструкт, формирование и восприятие которого требует комплексного методологического анализа, объединяющего типологические, интерпретационные и рецептивные подходы.

Ushbu tezisda qaynona shaxsidagi ustuvor qadriyatlar va ularning tarixiy, madaniy, oilaviy, shaxsiy hamda diniy omillar ta’sirida shakllanish jarayoni yoritilgan. Qaynona qadriyatlarining shakllanish mexanizmlari jamiyatning ijtimoiy-madaniy tuzilishi, ayolning oiladagi roli, tarbiyaviy qadriyatlar va diniy me’yorlar bilan chambarchas bog‘liq ekani asoslab berilgan. Shuningdek, qaynona-kelin munosabatlari sifatiga ta’sir etuvchi psixologik va ijtimoiy jihatlar tahlil qilingan.

В статье рассматривается методика развития навыков чтения у учащихся начальных классов. Анализируются основные компоненты навыка чтения: техническая скорость, правильность, осознанность, выразительность и понимание текста. Особое внимание уделяется использованию фонетических, лексических и грамматических упражнений, работе с текстом, дифференцированному и интерактивному подходам на уроках родного языка и читательской грамотности. Учитывая возрастные и психологические особенности младших школьников, предлагается поэтапная модель формирования навыков чтения и практико-ориентированные методические рекомендации для учителя.

Ushbu ilmiy ishda O‘zbekiston Respublikasida yoshlarga oid davlat siyosati doirasida amalga oshirilayotgan loyihalarni moliyalashtirish tizimi, uning tarkibiy tuzilishi, mavjud muammolari va takomillashtirish imkoniyatlari chuqur tahlil qilinadi. So‘nggi yillarda yoshlar bandligi, tadbirkorligini rivojlantirish, ta’lim sifatini oshirish, ijtimoiy himoya mexanizmlarini kengaytirish bo‘yicha ko‘plab davlat dasturlari joriy etildi. Biroq ularning moliyaviy barqarorligi, manbalar diversifikatsiyasi, resurslardan foydalanish samaradorligi va monitoring tizimining raqamlashtirilganligi yetarli darajada mukammal emas.

So‘nggi yillarda iqlim o‘zgarishi masalasi global kun tartibining eng muhim yo‘nalishlaridan biriga aylandi. Yer sharida kuzatilayotgan haroratning izchil oshib borishi, tabiiy ofatlarning tez-tez takrorlanishi va ekologik muvozanatning buzilishi insoniyat oldida yangi chaqiriqlarni yuzaga chiqarmoqda. Iqlim o‘zgarishi endilikda faqat ekologik muammo emas, balki ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy barqarorlik va milliy xavfsizlik masalasiga ham aylanib bormoqda.

In the contemporary education system of Uzbekistan, the continuous professional development of school teachers has become a strategic priority of state policy. Particular emphasis is placed on supporting teachers’ lifelong learning, systematically strengthening their professional knowledge and skills, and fostering a sustainable culture of self-improvement. Within this framework, the role of the teacher is increasingly reconceptualized: teachers are no longer viewed solely as transmitters of subject knowledge, but as reflective practitioners who consciously manage their professional growth, implement innovative pedagogical ideas, and actively engage in professional dialogue with colleagues.

Ushbu maqolada umumta’lim maktablarida fizika fanida o‘qitiladigan “Saqlanish qonunlari” mavzusi pedagogik jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Maqola energiya, impuls va zaryad saqlanish qonunlarining nazariy asoslari, ularni amaliy mashg‘ulotlarda o‘rgatish metodikasi va o‘quvchilarda tushunishni mustahkamlashning samarali yo‘llarini o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, interaktiv dars uslublari va eksperimental mashg‘ulotlar yordamida saqlanish qonunlari konseptini yanada aniq va chuqur tushuntirish mumkin.

Ushbu tezisda texnologiya fanini o‘qitishda fanlararo integratsiyaning ahamiyati ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Fanlararo integratsiya o‘quv jarayonida o‘quvchilarning ijodiy fikrlashini rivojlantirish, murakkab muammolarni hal qilish qobiliyatini oshirish va amaliy ko‘nikmalarini mustahkamlash imkoniyatlarini yaratadi. Tezisda fanlararo integratsiyaning pedagogik asoslari, metodik usullari va o‘quv jarayonida qo‘llanilishi natijalari batafsil yoritiladi.

Ushbu maqola ingliz tilini o‘rganish jarayonida muallifning shaxsiy tajribasi, kuzatuvlari va tahliliy xulosalari asosida yozilgan. Maqolada ingliz tilini egallash davomida uchraydigan metodik, lingvistik va psixologik muammolar chuqur tahlil qilinib, ularning o‘rganuvchi shaxs rivojiga ta’siri yoritiladi.

Ushbu maqola O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2025-yil 9-sentyabrdagi PQ-280-sonli Qarori bilan notariat sohasiga kiritilgan tub o‘zgarishlarni yoritadi. Xususan, masofaviy xizmat ko‘rsatish, byurokratik to‘siqlarning bartaraf etilishi va elektron xavfsizlikni kuchaytirish kabi jihatlar tahlil qilinadi. Maqola bu islohotlarning fuqarolar va tadbirkorlik subyektlari uchun ahamiyatini ochib beradi.

Ushbu maqolada shaxsning bezovtalanish darajalari va uning psixologik xususiyatlari har tomonlama tahlil qilinadi. Xavotirlanishning yuqori, o‘rtacha va past darajalari shaxsning emotsional holati, stressga bardoshliligi, moslashuvchanligi hamda ijtimoiy faoliyatiga qanday ta’sir ko‘rsatishi o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqotda psixologik diagnostika usullari asosida bezovtalanish darajalarining shakllanish omillari, ularning shaxsning ruhiy barqarorligi va xulq-atvoriga ta’siri yoritiladi. Maqola bezovtalanishning psixologik mexanizmlarini chuqur anglash va amaliy psixologik yondashuvlarni takomillashtirishga xizmat qiladi.

11-dekabr 2025-yil. Toshkent davlat yuridik universitetida O’zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2025-yil 26-noyabrdagi “O’zbekiston Respublikasida Yuridik ta’lim va ilm-fanni yanada isloh qilish chora-tadbirlari to’g’risida”gi Farmonida belgilangan vazifalarni izchil amalga oshirilish maqsadida tashkil etilgan ilmiy-amaliy muhokamaga bo’lib o’tdi. Annjumanda O’zbekiston Respublikasi  Oliy Majlisi Qonunchilik Palatasi, Konstitutsiyaviy Sud, Sudyalar Assotsiatsiyasi, Inson huquqlari bo’yicha O’zbekiston Respublikasi Milliy markazi, Korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashish agentligi,  Oliy Majlisning Inson huquqlari bo’yicha vakili (Ombudsman), O’zbekiston Respublikasi Prezident huzuridagi Parlament tadqiqotlari instituti, Odil sudlov akademiyasi, Ichki ishlar vazirligi akademiyasi, Jamoat xavfsizligi universiteti, Huquqni muhofaza qilish akademiyasi, Favqulodda vaziyatda vazirligi akademiyasi, Kriminologiya tadqiqot instituti va oliy ta’lim muassalari vakillari, bir qancha huquqshunos olimlar, soha mutaxassislari, professor-o’qituvchilar, yosh olimlar, shuningdek, kuzatuvchi sifatida TDYUning magistratura va bakalavr talabalari ham ishtirok etishdi.

Mazkur tezisda maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalar ijtimoiylashuvi jarayonida oilaning va milliy qadriyatlarning o‘rni ilmiy-nazariy jihatdan tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda bolalarda ijtimoiy me’yorlar, axloqiy fazilatlar va muloqot ko‘nikmalarining shakllanishida oilaviy muhitning ahamiyati yoritilgan. Sharq mutafakkirlari merosida tarbiya va ijtimoiylashuv masalasiga berilgan yondashuvlar asosida o‘zbek oilasiga xos qadriyatlarning bolalar shaxsiy va ijtimoiy rivojiga ta’siri ochib berilgan. Tezisda maktabgacha yosh davri bolaning jamiyatga moslashuvi va shaxs sifatida shakllanishida muhim bosqich ekani asoslab beriladi.

Mazkur maqolada davlat sektori loyihalarida boshqaruv samaradorligini oshirish masalalari institutsional yondashuv asosida tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda institutsional mexanizmlarning mohiyati, ularning davlat loyihalarini rejalashtirish, amalga oshirish va nazorat qilish jarayonlariga ta’siri o‘rganiladi. Normativ-huquqiy baza, tashkiliy tuzilmalar, moliyaviy boshqaruv tizimi, shaffoflik va hisobdorlik institutlarining o‘zaro uyg‘unligi boshqaruv samaradorligini ta’minlovchi asosiy omillar sifatida asoslab beriladi. Shuningdek, davlat sektorida loyiha boshqaruvini takomillashtirishda raqamli texnologiyalar va zamonaviy boshqaruv yondashuvlarining roli yoritiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari davlat loyihalarini amalga oshirish samaradorligini oshirishga qaratilgan amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqish uchun ilmiy asos bo‘lib xizmat qiladi.

Mazkur ilmiy maqolada islomiy moliya tamoyillarining tijorat banklari faoliyatiga integratsiyalashuvi konseptual yondashuv asosida tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot doirasida islomiy moliyaning asosiy prinsiplari — foiz (ribo) taqiqlanishi, aktivga asoslangan moliyalashtirish, foyda va risklarni bo‘lishish hamda shariatga muvofiqlik talablarining an’anaviy bank tizimi bilan o‘zaro uyg‘unlashuvi nazariy jihatdan yoritilgan. Maqolada tijorat banklarida islomiy bank xizmatlarini joriy etishning institutsional, operatsion va boshqaruv darajalari aniqlanib, ularning o‘zaro bog‘liqligi asosida integratsiyaning konseptual modeli taklif etilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari islomiy bank xizmatlarini bosqichma-bosqich joriy etish, moliyaviy inklyuziyani kengaytirish hamda bank tizimi barqarorligini oshirish bo‘yicha ilmiy-amaliy xulosalar ishlab chiqishga xizmat qiladi.

В данной работе рассматривается проблема обеспечения сейсмостойкости высотных зданий в условиях высокой сейсмической активности Республики Узбекистан. Проведен сравнительный анализ пассивных, активных и полуактивных систем гашения колебаний. Обоснована неэффективность традиционных методов усиления конструкций для уникальных высотных объектов. Сформулирована необходимость применения BIM-технологий для оптимизации параметров динамических гасителей с учетом стохастического характера сейсмических воздействий и взаимодействия системы «сооружение-гаситель».

Mazkur maqolada o‘zbek adabiyotining yirik namoyandasi Abdulla Qodiriyning asarlarida ayol timsolining badiiy va ijtimoiy talqini tahlil qilinadi. Yozuvchining “O‘tkan kunlar”, “Mehrobdan chayon” kabi asarlaridagi ayol obrazlari orqali o‘zbek jamiyatida ayolning o‘rni, uning ma’naviy-axloqiy fazilatlari, ijtimoiy tengsizlik, muhabbat, sadoqat va fojiaviy taqdir masalalari yoritiladi. Maqolada Kumush, Zaynab, Ra’no kabi obrazlar misolida ayollarning ichki kechinmalari, ruhiy olami hamda patriarxal jamiyat sharoitida duch kelgan muammolari ochib beriladi. Tadqiqot davomida Qodiriyning ayol obrazlarini yaratishdagi realizm, psixologik tasvir va ijtimoiy tanqid unsurlari tahlil qilinadi. Maqola adib ijodida ayol timsolining milliy adabiyot taraqqiyotidagi ahamiyatini aniqlashga xizmat qiladi.

Murakkab foizlar (yoki yig‘ma foizlar) iqtisodiy jarayonlarda juda muhim o‘rin tutadi. Ular nafaqat shaxsiy moliya va bank tizimlarida, balki global iqtisodiyotda ham keng qo‘llaniladi. Foizlar iqtisodiy munosabatlarning muhim qismini tashkil etadi, chunki ular resurslarning taqsimlanishi va rivojlanishiga ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Murakkab foizlar, o‘z navbatida, investitsiya qilishning uzoq muddatli foydalari va qarz olishning iqtisodiy ta’sirini hisoblashda muhim vosita bo‘lib xizmat qiladi.