Young scientists

Ushbu ilmiy maqolada Abay Qo‘nonboyev she’riyatida badiiy tasvir vositalarining roli va g‘oyaviy-badiiy funksiyalari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda metafora, epitet, taqqoslash, personifikatsiya, allegoriya, simbol kabi tasvir vositalari Abay she’riyatida qanday ishlatilishi, ularning lirik qahramon ruhiyatini ifodalash, falsafiy mulohazalarni yetkazish va xalq og‘zaki ijodi an’analari bilan uyg‘unlashuvi yoritiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, badiiy tasvir vositalari Abay ijodida estetik go‘zallik, psixologik chuqurlik va g‘oyaviy mazmunni mustahkamlashda muhim ahamiyatga ega.

Maqola maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalarni salbiy axborotlar ta’siridan himoya qilishning pedagogik mexanizmlarini tadqiq etishga qaratilgan. Zamonaviy axborot texnologiyalari va ijtimoiy media ta’siri natijasida bolalar psixologik rivojlanishida salbiy omillar kuchaymoqda. Maqolada pedagogik mexanizmlar, ota-ona va tarbiyachilar roli, psixologik barqarorlikni shakllantirish metodlari tahlil qilingan. Natijalar bolalarni ijtimoiy va emotsional jihatdan himoya qilish uchun samarali strategiyalarni belgilash imkonini beradi.

Ushbu maqolada kitobxonlik madaniyatining mazmuni, uning shakllanishiga ta’sir etuvchi omillar hamda yoshlar o‘rtasidagi mutolaa darajasining hozirgi holati imrad ilmiy modeli asosida tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot davomida nazariy tahlil, taqqoslash, kuzatuv va umumlashtirish metodlaridan foydalanildi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatdiki, kitobxonlik odati, avvalo, oilaviy muhit, ta’lim tizimi, raqamli texnologiyalar va jamiyatning madaniy infratuzilmasi bilan chambarchas bog‘liq. Raqamli chalg‘ituvchilar kitob o‘qish jarayoniga sezilarli salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatsa-da, elektron mutolaa shakllari kitobxonlikni qo‘llab-quvvatlovchi yangi imkoniyatlarni yaratmoqda. Maqolada yoshlar o‘rtasida kitobxonlik madaniyatini rivojlantirishga qaratilgan ilmiy asoslangan takliflar ilgari surilgan. Ushbu tadqiqot natijalari ta’lim tizimi, oilaviy tarbiya va madaniy muhitda kitobxonlikni mustahkamlash bo‘yicha samarali strategiyalarni belgilashda muhim ahamiyatga ega.

Ushbu maqolada milliy kompaniyalarni xalqaro bozorlarga chiqarish jarayoni o‘rganilgan. Tezisda xalqaro tajriba (Toyota, Samsung) misol keltirilgan, shuningdek, O‘zbekiston kompaniyalari uchun imkoniyatlar tahlil qilingan. Maqolada kompaniyalarni xalqaro bozorga chiqarishda raqamli transformatsiya, xalqaro sertifikatlar va strategik hamkorlikning roli ko‘rsatildi.

Ushbu maqolada talabalarda lingvistik tafakkurni rivojlantirish jarayonida stilistik tahlilning didaktik va amaliy ahamiyati yoritiladi. Til birliklarining ma’no, qo‘llanish va uslubiy xususiyatlarini o‘rganishga asoslangan stilistik tahlil talabalar nutq madaniyatini yuksaltirish, mustaqil fikrlashni shakllantirish hamda matn mazmunini chuqur anglash ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishga xizmat qiladi. Maqolada stilistik tahlilning o‘quv jarayoniga tatbiqi, o‘quvchilarni badiiy hamda funksional uslublarni farqlashga yo‘naltirishdagi metodlari va lingvistik kompetensiyani shakllantirishdagi samaradorligi ilmiy asosda tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot natijalari stilistik tahlilni til o‘qitish amaliyotida qo‘llash talabalarning tafakkur doirasini kengaytirishi va ularni ijodiy fikrlashga undashi bilan muhimligini ko‘rsatadi.

Kripto-aktivlar sohasi so‘nggi o‘n yil ichida tez sur’atlarda rivojlanib, moliyaviy transaksiyalar, investitsiya va texnologik innovatsiyalar markaziga aylandi. Shu bilan birga, bu soha pul yuvish (money laundering), teraktlar moliyalashtirilishi, firibgarlik, bozorni manipulyatsiya qilish va kiberxavfsizlik xatarlarini keltirib chiqardi. Xalqaro standart beruvchi tashkilotlar va rivojlangan davlatlar bularning oldini olish va adolatli bozorni ta’minlash maqsadida virtual aktivlarga xos AML/CFT talablarini, litsenziyalash va muvofiqlik talablari va maxsus bozor qoidalarini joriy qilishdi. Shu tizimlar qonunbuzarlik aniqlanganda qo‘llaniladigan javobgarlik turlarini belgilaydi (ma’muriy sanksiyalar, moliyaviy jarimalar, litsenziya bekor qilish, jinoiy ta’qiqlar va h.k.). Xalqaro tavsiyalar va yirik yurisdiktsiyalarning amaliyoti — Masalan FATF tavsiyalari, Yevropa Ittifoqining MiCA regulyatsiyasi va AQShda SEC hamda boshqa idoralarning amalga oshirayotgan kuzatuv va ta’limotlari — ushbu masalalar bo‘yicha dolzarb manbalarni tashkil etadi.

This article examines the colloquial style of speech as one of the most widely used functional styles in everyday communication. The study explores the linguistic features of colloquial speech at the phonetic, lexical, and grammatical levels, highlighting its spontaneity, emotional expressiveness, situational dependence, and dialogic nature. Special attention is given to the role of colloquial style in interpersonal communication and its interaction with other functional styles of the language. The article also discusses the relevance of colloquial speech in modern digital communication, including social media and online messaging. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of spoken discourse and its significance in contemporary linguistics and language teaching.

This thesis explores the discourse patterns that emerge in teacher–student interaction within English language classrooms. Drawing on established models of classroom discourse, particularly the Initiation–Response–Feedback (IRF) structure and interactional sociolinguistics, the study examines how teachers’ linguistic choices shape participation, learning opportunities, and power relations in instructional settings. The analysis is grounded in empirical findings from previous discourse-analytic studies conducted in second language classrooms. By synthesizing existing research, the thesis highlights the pedagogical implications of discourse practices for effective language teaching and learner engagement.

Semizlik va yurak ishemik kasalligi (YIK) inson salomatligi uchun jiddiy xavf omillari sifatida global tibbiyotda katta e’tibor qaratilmoqda. Ushbu tezis semizlik fonida YIK rivojlanishining klinik-funksional va genetik prediktorlarini o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Tadqiqot maqsadi semizlikning YIKga ta’sirini aniqlash, asosiy klinik va funksional belgilarga e’tibor qaratish, shuningdek genetik markerlar yordamida predispozitsiyani baholashdir. Olingan natijalar semizlik va yurak kasalliklari o‘rtasidagi murakkab o‘zaro bog‘liqlikni ochib beradi va individual riskni aniqlashga yordam beradi.

Ushbu maqolada arxeologik faunal majmualarda suyaklarning saqlanish darajasini baholashda suyak zichligining ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Turli hayvon suyaklarining anatomik qismlarida uchraydigan zichlik farqlari, ob-havo ta’siri va tafonomik jarayonlar oqibatida yuzaga keladigan yo‘qotishlarni aniqlash imkoniyatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of various methods for teaching foreign languages, exploring both traditional and contemporary approaches and the article considers some innovative methods of teaching a foreign language at a non-linguistic university. It examines prominent methods including the Grammar-Translation Method, Direct Method, Communicative Approach, Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT), Total Physical Response (TPR), and the Audio-Lingual Method. Each method is analyzed in terms of its principles, strengths, and limitations, highlighting how they address different aspects of language acquisition such as grammar, vocabulary, and communicative competence. The new requirements for student’s education, which assume that they have relevant professional  competencies,  including  foreign  language  communicative  competence,  actualize research  attention  to  different  approaches,  technologies  and  conditions  aimed  at  improving the quality of higher education.

This article explores innovative strategies for integrating literature into the ESL classroom to support language development, critical thinking, and learner engagement. While literature has long been used as a teaching tool, modern classrooms require updated approaches that suit diverse learner needs. The article presents several new techniques, including the use of micro-literature for manageable reading tasks, the integration of digital platforms to enhance interaction, and the application of “reader as detective” activities to develop inferencing skills. It also highlights flexible literature circles, creative transformation tasks, multicultural text selection, personal connection journals, and performance-based activities as effective ways to deepen comprehension and increase motivation. Together, these tips offer practical, adaptable methods for teachers seeking to make literature more dynamic, accessible, and meaningful for today’s ESL learners.

Mazkur ilmiy maqola inson evolyutsiyasining asosiy bosqichlari (antropogenez) va uning bevosita ta'sirida shakllangan qadimiy (ibtidoiy) jamiyatning ijtimoiy-madaniy tuzilishi o‘rtasidagi uzviy bog‘liqlikni tahlil qilishga bag‘ishlangan. Unda avstralopitekdan boshlab Homo Sapiensning paydo bo‘lishigacha bo‘lgan jismoniy, aqliy va xulq-atvor evolyutsiyasi o‘rganiladi. Shu bilan birga, ikki oyoqlanish (bipediya), mehnat qurollarining rivojlanishi, olovdan foydalanish va asosan ovchilik-terimchilikka asoslangan ibtidoiy jamoadagi ijtimoiy hamkorlik va mehnat taqsimoti kabi asosiy o‘zgarishlar yoritilgan. Maqolaning asosiy maqsadi – biologik va madaniy evolyutsiyaning o‘zaro ta’siri insoniyat sivilizatsiyasining poydevori bo‘lib xizmat qilganligini ko‘rsatishdan iborat. 

Ushbu maqolada insonning paydo bo‘lish nazariyasining asosiy g‘oyalari, ularning biologiya, tarix fanidagi o‘rni va jamiyatga ta’siri tarixiy tahlil qilinadi. Shu bilan birga biologiya va tarix fanidagi ko‘plab ilgari noma’lum jarayonlarni izohlashga imkon yaratadi. Zamonaviy dunyo olimlari bu mavzu bo‘yicha turli xil tadqiqot ishlarini borishmoqda lekin bu mavzu bo‘yicha ikki xil qarash borligini ular anglab yetdilar. Birinchisi-dunyoviy, ikkinchisi esa diniy.

Mazkur maqolada orol dengizining qurishi, biologik va ekologik oqibatlari yoritib beriladi. Orol fojiasi insoniyat tarixidagi eng yirik falokatlardan biri bo‘lib, suv resurslaridan noto‘g‘ri foydalanish natija kelib chiqqan. Maqolada Orol fojiasidan olingan tarixiy saboqlar yoritilib, biologik muammolar va salbiy oqibatlar chuqur taxlil qilinadi.

This article examines effective means of incorporating instructional strategies in a composition class, emphasizing process-based writing, genre awareness, authentic materials, differentiated instruction, technological integration, and contextualized language teaching. The study highlights how these approaches enhance students’ writing skills, engagement, creativity, and critical thinking. Through a descriptive and analytical methodology, the article explores classroom practices, student responses, and the overall impact of diverse pedagogical techniques. The findings demonstrate that a holistic and student-centered approach fosters improved coherence, organization, and confidence in learners’ writing performance.

This article analyzes the importance of learning and applying grammar in developing second language learners’ writing skills. It examines major challenges faced by L2 writers, including first-language influence, cultural and rhetorical differences, as well as motivational and affective factors. The article also discusses teaching strategies for grammar, the role of error correction and feedback in writing development, and practical recommendations for improving learners’ writing competence. The findings highlight the significance of understanding grammar as an integral part of written communication and adopting a process-oriented approach in second language writing instruction.

Maqolada Mariya Montessori pedagogikasida bolalarning mustaqilligi va ijodiy faoliyatini rivojlantirish tamoyillari, metodik yondashuvlar va amaliy qo‘llanilishi ilmiy-nazariy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda Montessori tayyorlangan muhitining roli, sensor va amaliy materiallar, erkin faoliyat metodikasi, tarbiyachining yo‘naltiruvchi roli va zamonaviy psixologik nazariyalar bilan bog‘liqligi o‘rganilgan. Maqolada ilmiy adabiyotlar, nazariyalar va amaliy misollar orqali bolalarning ijodiy va mustaqil rivojlanishini qo‘llab-quvvatlovchi strategiyalar bayon etilgan.

Ushbu maqolada differentsiallashning zanjirli qoidasi (chain rule) va uning matematik hamda amaliy jihatlari har tomonlama yoritilgan. Murakkab funksiyalarni differentsiallashda zanjirli qoidaning o‘rni, bir va ko‘p o‘zgaruvchili funksiyalar uchun qo‘llanishi, ularning geometrik mazmuni hamda tahlil usullari izohlangan. Shuningdek, ushbu qoida fizik jarayonlarni modellashtirish, issiqlik va massa almashinuvi, reaktsiya kinetikasi, injiniring hisoblari, optimallashtirish algoritmlari, sun’iy intellekt va avtomatik differentsiallash kabi zamonaviy sohalardagi qo‘llanilish misollari bilan yoritilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari zanjirli qoidaning universal matematik vosita sifatida keng amaliy ahamiyatga egaligini ko‘rsatadi.

Ushbu maqolada ijtimoiy pedagogik faoliyat jarayonida bolalarning ijtimoiy moslashuv ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirish va buning doirasida pedagog va oila o‘rtasidagi hamkorlikning ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Muallif oilaning ijtimoiy–pedagogik muhit sifatida bolalar shaxsiyatining ijtimoiylashuvi, jamiyatga moslashuvi va farzandlar bilan samarali tarbiya-ish olib borishda pedagogning oilaga nisbatan ijtimoiy faol roli muhimligini ta’kidlaydi. Maqolada moslashuv ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirish usullari, ijtimoiy qo‘llab-quvvatlash, oilaviy hamkorlik va psixologik–pedagogik yordam samaradorligi ko‘rib chiqiladi. Xulosa sifatida, ijtimoiy pedagogik va oilaviy yondashuvlarning integratsiyalashgan modeli bolalar adaptatsiyasini yaxshilashga xizmat qilishi ta’kidlanadi.

This article examines Charles Dickens as one of the most influential social critics of Victorian England. It explores how Dickens used fiction to expose poverty, child labor, class inequality, and institutional corruption. By analyzing his major works such as Oliver Twist, Hard Times, and Bleak House, the study reveals how Dickens blended storytelling with moral instruction and social reform. The article also discusses his narrative strategies, his engagement with contemporary social issues, and his enduring impact on both literature and social consciousness.

Word formation plays a key role in linguistic structure and lexical growth. This study compares English and Turkish, focusing on how each language forms new words. English, as an analytic language, uses derivation, compounding, blending, and clipping, while Turkish, as an agglutinative language, relies mainly on suffixation and vowel harmony. The analysis highlights that English word creation is flexible and often irregular, whereas Turkish shows systematic and transparent morphological patterns. Historical and sociolinguistic factors have also shaped innovation in both languages.

В статье представлены данные о текущем состояние цифрового аудита в Узбекистане. Выявлены ключевые проблемы и потенциал развития. Рассматриваются современные цифровые инструменты, уровень их внедрения и основные проблемы. Определены направления развития, включая непрерывный аудит, взаимодействие платформ и применение искусственного интеллекта для повышения эффективности финансового контроля.

This article explores the structure, principles, and effectiveness of a Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) lesson plan. It examines the theoretical foundations of CLT, focusing on communicative competence, learner-centered instruction, and authentic language use. The study analyzes how communicative tasks, interaction-based activities, and meaningful input contribute to students’ fluency, confidence, and sociolinguistic awareness. The results show that CLT-based lessons enhance learner participation, improve communication skills, and create an engaging learning environment. The article concludes that CLT is a highly effective approach for developing practical language proficiency and preparing learners for real-world communication.

Fermentatsiyalangan ichimliklar insoniyat madaniyatida uzoq tarixga ega bo‘lib, ular nafaqat ovqatlanish ratsionini boyitadi, balki probiyotik xususiyatlari tufayli sog‘liqni mustahkamlashda ham muhim ahamiyatga ega. Mahalliy xomashyolar, jumladan, meva, sabzavot, don va boshqa tabiiy resurslar asosida fermentatsiyalangan ichimliklar yaratish iqtisodiy jihatdan ham samarali bo‘lib, yangi ichimlik turlarini ishlab chiqarish imkoniyatini beradi. Ushbu maqolada don mahsulotlari asosida tayyorlanadigan sutli ichimliklarning oziq-ovqat   sanoatidagi   ahamiyati,   ularning   tayyorlanish   texnologiyasi,   biologik qiymati va sog‘liq uchun foydasi o‘rganilgan. Arpa, suli, bug‘doy, makkajo‘xori kabi donlar   asosida   fermentatsiya,   pishirish   va   emulsiya   usullarida   tayyorlangan ichimliklarning   tarkibiy   xususiyatlari   tahlil   qilingan. Mahsulotning   funksional xususiyatlari,  vitamin-mineral  tarkibi  va  probiotik  ahamiyati  haqida  ilmiy  manbalar asosida xulosa chiqarilgan.

Gamification and game-based learning (GBL) have transitioned from educational buzzwords to widely adopted pedagogical practices in schools, universities, and professional training contexts. Their increasing use is driven by a growing interest in technology-enhanced learning and the demand for engaging, learner-centered approaches. While both gamification and GBL show promise, their effectiveness depends largely on how well they are designed and contextualized. Poorly implemented gamification risks reducing learning to superficial “pointsification,” whereas well-integrated designs can meaningfully enhance motivation, cognition, and learning outcomes. This paper provides an academic exploration of gamification and GBL, examining theoretical foundations, empirical evidence, design challenges, ethical considerations, and emerging directions such as personalization, analytics, and virtual reality. Ultimately, this paper argues that gamification and GBL should not be seen as add-ons, but as evidence-based instructional designs that require careful alignment with learning goals, motivational principles, and cognitive theories.

Ushbu maqolada bir martalik plastik mahsulotlarning tabiatga, inson salomatligiga va jamiyat hayotiga ko‘rsatayotgan salbiy ta’siri hayotiy misollar asosida yoritilgan. Chiqindilarni to‘g‘ri tashlash savodxonligi, yoshlar ongida ekologik mas’uliyatni shakllantirish, mikroplastiklarning xavfi va plastik muammosini kamaytirish yo‘llari keng bayon etilgan.

This article examines the role of natural sciences in the development of modern society. It explores how theoretical and practical research in fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, and environmental science shapes modern technologies, healthcare, agriculture, and industry. Using examples from Uzbekistan and international scientific trends, the article highlights the strategic importance of natural sciences and the need to strengthen scientific capacity in education and research institutions.

Mаqоlаdа bо‘lаjаk pedаgоglаrning аkаdemik mоbilligini shаkllаntirish jаrаyоni nаzаriy аsоslаri tаhlil etiladi. Аkаdemik mоbillik tushunchаsining mаzmun-mоhiyаti, uning zаmоnаviy tа’lim tizimidаgi о‘rni hаmdа xаlqаrо tаjribаlаrdаgi sаmаrаli mexаnizmlаri о‘rgаniladi. Shuningdek, bо‘lаjаk pedаgоglаrdа аkаdemik mоbillikni rivоjlаntirishgа tа’sir etuvchi оmillаr, kоmpetensiyаlаr tizimi vа pedаgоgik shаrt-shаrоitlаr tаhlil qilinаdi. Tаdqiqоt nаtijаlаri pedаgоgik оliy tа’lim muаssаsаlаridа xаlqаrо hаmkоrlik vа аlmаshinuv dаsturlаrini tаshkil etishdа ilmiy-аmаliy аhаmiyаt kаsb etаdi.

Ma’muriy huquqbuzarliklar bo‘yicha ishlarni yuritish, albatta, davlatning ma’muriy boshqaruvining asosiy jihatlaridan biridir. Davlat o’zining boshqaruv funksiyasini amalga oshirish jarayonida ma’muriy majburlov usullaridan foydalanadi. Ushbu davlatning boshqaruv normalariga amal qilmagan taqdirda esa mamuriy huquqbuzarlik deb baholanadi.

Ushbu maqolada Nazar Eshonqulning “Shamolni tutib bo‘lmaydi” hikoyasining o‘zbek hikoyachiligida tutgan o‘rni, muallif tili va badiiy mahorati, bosh obraz xarakteri tahlili xususida so‘z boradi.

Ushbu tezisda yurak yetishmovchiligi rivojlanishida prooksidant va antioksidant tizimlar o‘rtasidagi muvozanatning buzilishi bilan bog‘liq patogenetik jarayonlar ilmiy asoslangan holda yoritiladi. Oksidlovchi stressning yurak mushagi hujayralaridagi metabolik jarayonlarni izdan chiqarishi, energiya taʼminotini pasaytirishi, yallig‘lanish reaksiyalarini kuchaytirishi va miokardning qayta tuzilishiga olib kelishi haqida maʼlumotlar tahlil qilinadi. Prooksidantlarning ortishi va antioksidant himoya tizimining susayishi natijasida kelib chiqadigan patologik o‘zgarishlar yurak yetishmovchiligining asosiy patogenetik omillari sifatida baholanadi. Tadqiqotda mazkur tizimlar disbalansining klinik ahamiyati, diagnostik ko‘rsatkich sifatida qo‘llanishi ko‘rib chiqiladi.

Пахта етиштиришдаги энг муҳим агротехник тадбирлардан бири – кучли ёғингарчиликлардан кейин пайдо бўладиган қатқалоқни юмшатишдан иборат. Аммо қатқалоққа карши курашда қўлланиладиган мавжуд усуллар бир қатор камчиликларга эга. Жумладан, ерга қадалган уруғлар тўлалигича сақланмайди, ўсиб чиқаётган кучсиз ниҳоллар шикастланади, игнасимон дисклар қатқалоқ билан бирга яхши ривожланмаган ғўза ниҳоллари ва уруғларни ағдариб дала юзига чиқариб ташлайди. Натижада ғўза ниҳолларининг шикастланиш даражаси ортади [1].

Ushbu tezis transmilliy kompaniyalar (TMK)ning innovatsion tajribasidan foydalanish orqali texnologik omillarning biznes rivojlanishiga ta’sirini o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Ishda TMKlarning innovatsion jarayonlarni joriy etish, ilmiy-texnikaviy yangiliklarni qabul qilish va texnologik rivojlanishga bo‘lgan ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, innovatsion tajribani milliy kompaniyalar faoliyatiga tatbiq etish imkoniyatlari ham ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tezisda statistik ma’lumotlar, kompaniya faoliyati misollari va ilmiy tadqiqot natijalari asos sifatida keltirilgan.

Ushbu maqolada yangi mezonlarga asoslangan baholash tizimi haqida ma’lumot berilgan.Uning qay darajada muhimligi va qulayliklari ,foydalari haqida batafsil tushunchalar keltirib o’tilgan.

Ushbu maqola barqaror ishlab chiqarish va resurslarni innovatsion boshqarishning asosiy jihatlarini o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Unda ishlab chiqarish jarayonlarida samaradorlikni oshirish, energiya va xomashyo resurslarini tejash hamda ekologik barqarorlikni ta’minlash bo‘yicha zamonaviy yondashuvlar tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, innovatsion texnologiyalar va boshqaruv metodlarining ishlab chiqarish tizimlariga ta’siri ko‘rib chiqiladi.

This study explores the fundamental principles of phrase theory, with a particular focus on English phrases. It examines their internal structure, classification, and syntactic functions, providing a clear understanding of how phrases operate within sentences. The paper discusses the three main types of phrases: coordinate, subordinate, and predicative, highlighting their characteristics, grammatical roles, and how they interact with other elements in a sentence. Special attention is paid to mixed-type phrases, which exhibit properties of more than one category, making their analysis more complex. By investigating these phrase relations, the study demonstrates how phrases contribute to the overall meaning, clarity, and organization of sentences, emphasizing their essential role in both written and spoken English. The research also shows the importance of understanding phrase structure for language learning, translation, and syntactic analysis.

This article shows different kinds of modern methods and techniques in teaching foreign language. Now it is said that it is necessary to strengthen the communication component when teaching English as a foreign language. This goal can be facilitated by the use of cases in classes with foreigners. Classic case promotes the development of skills for making independent decisions, the goal working with a case in a classroom with foreigners, another – communicative workshop. The article lists topics on which foreigners can offer cases, and the development of one the cases is presented as a simple the concept we propose.

Biznes turizm zamonaviy global iqtisodiyotda tez sur’atlarda rivojlanayotgan yo‘nalishlardan biri hisoblanadi. Ushbu tezisda biznes turizm va MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, Exhibitions) segmentlarining iqtisodiy, ijtimoiy va madaniy ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot biznes sayyohlikning asosiy tendensiyalari, raqamli texnologiyalar va innovatsiyalar orqali bu yo‘nalishlarni rivojlantirish imkoniyatlarini o‘rganishga qaratilgan. Natijalar MICE segmentining biznes turizmning iqtisodiy rivojlanishiga qo‘shayotgan hissasi, global raqobatdagi o‘rni va mahalliy infratuzilma bilan bog‘liqligi haqida ma’lumot beradi.

Búgingi kúnde bilimlendiriw sistemasında ámelge asırılıp atırǵan reformalar, ásirese, baslawısh bilim beriw basqıshında oqıwshılardıń sóylew mádeniyatın qáliplestiriw, oqıw hám jazıw sawatlılıǵın rawajlandırıw máselelerine ayrıqsha itibar qaratılmaqta. Ana tili hám oqıw sawatlılıǵı páni balalardıń oylawı, sóylewi, erkin pikirlewi, estetikalıq talǵamı hám mádeniyatın qáliplestiriwshi tiykarǵı pánlerden biri bolıp esaplanadı. Sonlıqtan, bul baǵdarda zamanagóy pedagogikalıq qatnaslar hám oqıtıw metodlarında bir qatar jańa tendenciyalar baqlanbaqta.