Allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and bronchial asthma, are widespread chronic conditions associated with a significant reduction in quality of life and a substantial economic burden. In the context of the increasing prevalence of pollinosis, the development of effective and safe therapeutic approaches is of particular importance. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment method that targets the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of allergic diseases. In recent years, special attention has been paid to sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), which is characterized by a favorable safety profile and ease of administration. The aim of this study is to analyze the theoretical and technological aspects of developing sublingual dosage forms based on regionally relevant allergens of Uzbekistan, such as Artemisia and Chenopodium. The paper addresses issues related to epidemiology, immunological mechanisms, allergen standardization, excipient selection, and technological approaches to dosage form development.