This article presents current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of the most common ENT diseases, including acute and chronic otitis media, chronic rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and tonsillitis. Based on an analysis of clinical practice and statistical data, the effectiveness of instrumental diagnostic methods (endoscopy, computed tomography, immunological tests) and the results of complex therapy using pharmacological and minimally invasive surgical techniques are discussed. The study results demonstrate the need for an interdisciplinary approach and standardized diagnostic protocols to improve patients' quality of life.