The adrenogenital syndromes are inborn errors of metabolism that involve adrenal steroidogenesis and result in diverse hormonal, biochemical, and clinical effects. Recognition of these syndromes at birth in the child born with adrenogenital syndrome is crucial. In addition to facilitating assignment of sex of the child with ambiguous genitalia, recognition can be lifesaving, particularly in terms of prevention and treatment of electrolyte disorders. Several general statements are worthy of note regarding the adrenogenital syndromes.