This article analyzes the role of magic and wizards in medieval romantic literature. Magic is considered not only as a fantastical element that enriches the plot, but also as a means of reflecting the personal development of characters, moral decisions, and social and religious values. The article explores the symbolic meaning of magic, its connection with fantastical elements, and its relationship to medieval society and religious views. It also analyzes in detail how magic plays a role in defining important turning points in the characters' internal struggles and adventures.

This study conducts a comparative analysis of two dominant narrative forms of the Middle English period: the courtly romance and the folk ballad. By examining their distinct aesthetic principles, social milieux, and thematic concerns, the research explores the dynamic dialogue between aristocratic and popular culture. The investigation argues that while romances, such as those of the Arthurian cycle, consciously propagated chivalric ideology for an elite audience, ballads gave voice to the communal values, tragedies, and supernatural beliefs of the common folk. The analysis further reveals how shared narratives, like the tale of Tristram, were transformed across this cultural divide, demonstrating that together, these genres forged a layered yet interconnected mythological consciousness for medieval England.