Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most prevalent endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, with a global prevalence ranging from 8% to 13%, depending on diagnostic criteria. It is a multifactorial condition associated with hormonal imbalance, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and genetic predisposition.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that occurs in women of reproductive age. PCOS usually begins in adolescence, but symptoms may change over time.In recent decades, due to global urbanization and a decrease in physical activity, there has been an active increase in the number of people with overweight and obesity around the world, which makes this problem one of the most pressing for the medical community. Weight gain is associated with many associated diseases, including metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.

This study analyzes the occurrence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) depending on the phenotypes of women. The study covers various clinical and biochemical manifestations of PCOS, including phenotypes characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovaries. The results obtained emphasize the importance of phenotypic variability in the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.

Today, influence of the melatonin hormone on the gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland and the process of ovariogenesis is widely studied as e new direction in the studt of reproductive problems of obese women. In addition obesity, which is a co-morbity of polycystic ovary syndrome, and its correlation with melatonin secretion are of interest to many people today. In this article, we talked about the importance of the problem mentioned above.

Inhibin A is a significant hormone in the female reproductive system, produced primarily by the ovaries, which plays a critical role in regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining hormonal balance. This hormone’s functions include inhibiting the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), promoting ovarian follicular development, and influencing pregnancy outcomes. The diagnostic value of Inhibin A extends to the assessment of ovarian function, pregnancy monitoring, and identifying certain reproductive disorders, such as ovarian tumors or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This article aims to explore the role of Inhibin A in female physiology, its diagnostic applications, and the implications of its altered levels in various clinical conditions.

Endocrine disorders are among the leading causes of female infertility, affecting ovulatory functions and overall reproductive health. This study examines the most common endocrine conditions associated with infertility, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hypothyroidism, and hyperprolactinemia. The research highlights diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies, and their efficacy in restoring fertility. Insights into hormonal regulation and therapeutic advancements are provided to guide clinical practices and improve patient outcomes

To reduce the pain syndrome and restore the ovulatory menstrual cycle, it is advisable to prescribe GnRH agonists to patients with external genital endometriosis after surgical removal of endometrioid heterotopias.