The article discusses the dynamics of biosynthesis of antibiotic substances of protein nature by local strains isolated from acreage intended for cotton cultivation. Data on the selection of nutrient media of various variations, conditions of cultivation of strains of soil actinomycete Streptomycessp, the dynamics of crop growth and optimization processes in nutrient media for maximum protein formation in the cultivated medium are presented. Highly active representatives of actinomycetes - protein producers have been identified.