Mobile communication networks are an important part of modern communication systems. With them, remote communication, internet use, telephone conversation and other services are easily carried out. Mobile networks include 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G technologies, each with its own distinct advantages. Mobile communication systems are widely used not only in communication, but also in economic development, education, medicine and other areas. Through the development of mobile networks, mobile internet and online services have become popular, leading to social and economic changes globally. At the same time, issues of security and confidentiality of mobile networks are relevant, and new technologies are being developed to further improve them. In the future, more high-speed data transmission over 6g networks, integration of artificial intelligence and IoT technologies are expected.