In today’s world, the word malware is synonymous with mysterious programs that spread havoc and sow destruction upon the computing system it infects. These malware are analyzed and understood by malware analysts who reverse engineer the program in an effort to understand it and provide appropriate identifications or signatures that enable anti-malware programs to effectively combat and resolve threats. Malware authors develop ways to circumvent or prevent this analysis of their code thus rendering preventive measures ineffective. This paper discusses existing analysis subverting techniques and how they are overcome by modern analysis techniques. Further, this paper proposes a new method to resist traditional malware analysis techniques by creating a split-personality malware variant that uses a technique known as shadow attack. The proposal is validated by creating a malware dropper and testing this dropper in controlled laboratory conditions as a part of the concept of proactive defense.

This article shows three methods of studying the meanings of words – reference theory, component analysis and postulates of
meaning based on the analysis of different examples. In the process of translation, the fact that the translator does not understand the meaning of the word in the context of the original language, but the meaning of the word itself, causes problems such as the wrong translation of this word in the translation. It is this research that helps to overcome such a problem. The following results are presented in the research: reference theory cannot give the full meaning of the word, it is used together with the component analysis, the two analysis methods cannot give the meaning of the word in the context. The third - the method of analysis of meaning forms can determine the pragmatic and semantic features of the word, and this is convenient for the translator.

In this article, it is discussed about the linguistics of the corpus of  languages and the software of each language. Linguistics is the scientific study of language, encompassing the analysis of its structure, use, and meaning. One important aspect of linguistics is the creation and analysis of language corpora, which are large collections of written or spoken texts that are used to study language patterns and usage. Software tools are often used in linguistics for the creation, manipulation, and analysis of language corpora. These tools help researchers search for specific linguistic features, extract data, and analyze patterns in the corpus. Some common software tools used in linguistics include text processing tools (e.g. concordancers, text editors), statistical analysis tools (e.g. software for performing quantitative analysis on linguistic data), and annotation tools (e.g. tools for marking up linguistic features in the corpus).The combination of linguistic theory and software tools allows researchers to gain valuable insights into the structure and use of language through the analysis of language corpora. This interdisciplinary approach helps to advance our understanding of language and how it is used in different contexts.

This article explores two critical concepts in foreign language teaching: language interference and the Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH). Language interference occurs when a learner's native language (L1) influences their acquisition of a second language (L2), often leading to errors across phonological, grammatical, lexical, and morphological levels. The CAH, developed in the mid-20th century, provides a framework for predicting these errors by contrasting L1 and L2. While the strong version of the hypothesis claims that all errors can be predicted through contrastive analysis, the weak version allows for a more nuanced understanding that accounts for other factors in language learning. This article discusses the implications of these concepts for language teaching, highlighting how contrastive analysis can be used to improve pedagogy through error correction, curriculum design, and learner awareness. The limitations of the CAH are also addressed, emphasizing the need to integrate it with other approaches to provide a comprehensive understanding of second language acquisition..

In this article, it is discussed about the linguistics of the corpus of languages and the software of each language. Linguistics is the scientific study of language, encompassing the analysis of its structure, use, and meaning. One important aspect of linguistics is the creation and analysis of language corpora, which are large collections of written or spoken texts that are used to study language patterns and usage. Software tools are often used in linguistics for the creation, manipulation, and analysis of language corpora. These tools help researchers search for specific linguistic features, extract data, and analyze patterns in the corpus. Some common software tools used in linguistics include text processing tools (e.g. concordancers, text editors), statistical analysis tools (e.g. software for performing quantitative analysis on linguistic data), and annotation tools (e.g. tools for marking up linguistic features in the corpus). The combination of linguistic theory and software tools allows researchers to gain valuable insights into the structure and use of language through the analysis of language corpora. This interdisciplinary approach helps to advance our understanding of language and how it is used in different contexts

The article describes the valence, the syntactic valence of the verb - an open morpho-syntactic number, encoded arguments. The same can be said about the semantic valency of the verb, where the valence is the number of semantic arguments, you can get a separate verb, perform syntactic analysis and semantic analysis. Parsing (syntax) Semantic analysis (semantic) are the two main methods that lead to natural language understanding. Syntax is the grammatical structure of the text and semantics is the meaning conveyed.

Physiological research on the California red worm was carried out based on methods of research samples obtained in laboratory conditions at a high coefficient level. California red worm serum samples were collected from ten patients based on whole blood analysis. It was found out that the virological examination of two patients' blood analysis was 4.7 levels, and the blood analysis of eight patients gave 5.2 - 5.4 levels. It was analyzed that the virological component is higher in patients. The analysis of leukocytes was high, the serum of California red worm was used for the property of defeating the virus, and immunological prohibition was carried out. The immunological research solution was centrifuged from the blood fluid coming out of the lymph nodes in the body, and it was found that by applying the reagents to the patient's blood, a positive analysis of the virological research work could be performed with a high result.

The article provides the basis of Economic Analysis, its theoretical foundations and stages of development, as well as the importance and relevance of economic analysis in the implementation of effective and simplified customs control and clearance in the activities of customs authorities at present.

Genomik ma’lumotlar analizini o‘rganish va amaliyotida bioinformatika muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Ushbu tadqiqot bioinformatika sohasida kritik bo‘lgan savollarni ko‘rib chiqadi, shu jumladan, genomik ma’lumotlarining tizimlanishi, qayta ishlanishi va amaliyotda qanday qo‘llanilishi. Genomik tahlilni osonlashtirish uchun muhim algoritmlar, dasturlar va ma’lumotlar bazalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Keyin genomik o‘zgarishlarni tushuntirish, funksional genomik va evolyutsionar analizlar o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqot amaliyotda bioinformatika va genomik ma’lumotlarini qo‘llab-quvvatlashda qanday metodlar va vositalardan foydalanish haqida tavsiyalar beradi. Natijada, genomik tizimlarni tahlil qilishda yuzaga chiqadigan muammolar va ularni hal qilishning mahsulotlari bo‘limlarini to‘plab olib, bioinformatik ma’lumotlar analizining keng doirasini raqamli texnologiyalar bilan bog‘liqligini ko‘rsatib o‘tadi.

In the fast-paced world of mass media, where information bombards us from all angles, the significance of linguistic and stylistic techniques cannot be overstated. Among these techniques, foregrounding stands out as a powerful tool used by media practitioners to captivate audiences, convey messages effectively, and shape public discourse. In this article, we delve into the intricate realm of foregrounding, exploring its linguistic and stylistic significance in analysing mass media texts. This paper intends to inform Mass media materials and its significance and linguistic analysis of foregrounding.  Mass media materials are interpreted through text, using different approaches and methods to convey information.  The purpose of this scientific work is stylistic and linguistic analysis of the use of foregrounding in mass media tests.

This study is devoted to investigating the practical uses of corpus analysis in the creation of instructional materials for language learners. To find grammatical structures, word usage patterns, and linguistic patterns within vast sets of real language samples, corpus analysis involves a methodical investigation of the data. An overview of corpus analysis and its use to the design of language education materials is covered in this article. It examines at how word selection, target language features identification, grammar training, and material authenticity are all facilitated by corpus analysis.

This study aims to investigate the impact of the work environment at “Uzavtosanoat” on employee productivity. The research design adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and observations to gather data from employees across different departments and levels. Data analysis will involve descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis for quantitative data, and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Ethical considerations will be upheld throughout the research process. The findings of this study are expected to provide insights into how the work environment influences employee productivity at “Uzavtosanoat” and contribute to enhancing organizational practices and employee performance.

This article is devoted to the analysis of concepts in poetics, description of the author’s word usage in poetic texts, style, conceptual analysis of poetic texts, analysis of the use of linguocultural concepts in poetic texts and their analysis. It is apparent that the problem of individual author stylistics, its place in the system of previously existing verbal means, and role in the realization of the literary work’s and role in the realization of the literary work’s and role in the realization of the literary work.

This article explores pioneering teaching methods that converge data analysis and Information Technology (IT) in the context of English language instruction. The synthesis of these methodologies promises to revolutionize the field by offering personalized feedback and efficient progress monitoring for language learners. Drawing insights from literature in language pedagogy, technology integration, and assessment practices, this article elucidates the symbiotic relationship between data analysis, IT, and instructional strategies.

This comprehensive article delves into the fundamental principles of grammatical analysis, offering an insightful exploration of language structure and its components. It covers key aspects including syntax, morphology, semantics, pragmatics, discourse analysis, and transformational grammar. Through a clear and systematic breakdown, it elucidates how linguists and language enthusiasts decode the intricate workings of language, enabling a deeper understanding of sentence formation, word structures, meaning interpretation, contextual use, and the transformational nature of sentences. This annotation highlights the article's focus on empowering readers to unravel the complexities inherent in language, fostering a richer comprehension and appreciation of linguistic expression.

Multimodal discourse analysis has emerged as a crucial approach to understanding communication in the digital age. This article explores the integration of verbal and non-verbal modes in English discourse, focusing on the interplay between language, images, and other semiotic resources. Through a systematic review of relevant literature and a qualitative analysis of selected multimodal texts, the study reveals the complex dynamics of meaning-making in contemporary English discourse. The findings highlight the importance of considering multiple modes in discourse analysis and suggest future directions for research in this field.

Абсорбционные охладители играют решающую роль в обеспечении устойчивых решений по охлаждению с использованием низкоуровневых источников тепла для охлаждения. В этой статье мы рассматриваем концепцию эксергетического анализа как мощного инструмента для оценки термодинамической эффективности и производительности абсорбционных холодильных машин. Выполняя подробный эксергетический анализ, инженеры могут определить области устранения эксергии, оптимизировать компоненты системы и повысить общую энергоэффективность. В этой статье подчеркивается важность эксергетического анализа при проектировании, эксплуатации и оптимизации абсорбционных холодильных машин, что приводит к повышению стабильности и производительности

This article discusses the formation of civil law regulation of digital rights, theoretical and legal analysis of digital law, the concept and essence of digital rights, the need to define digital rights, the relationship of digital law with other rights, civil law analysis of digital law, theoretical and practical problems of the introduction of digital rights as a special object in civil circulation, conducted comparative analysis of the conceptual foundations for determining the rights and obligations of subjects of digital law, as well as scientific meta-methodological foundations of the categorization of digital rights in civil law.

В данной статье изучены вопросы влияния процессов приватизации на занятость в Республике Узбекистан. Проведен анализ развития доли приватизированных предприятий и вновь созданных предприятий, количества занятых, уровня занятости, количества безработных в период 2021-2023гг. Проведен корреляционный анализ взаимосвязи между показателями приватизации и показателями занятости. На основе проведенного анализа получены результаты исследования, показывающие взаимосвязь между данными показателями, позволяющими определить дальнейшие направления и темпы проведения приватизации.

The paper examines the impact of widespread cybercrime, among which a special type is crimes that infringe on personal information security. These types of cybercrimes carry a number of risks and threats that violate personal rights and freedom, destabilize the situation in the country, cause reputational damage, affect the course of elections, etc. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the problems associated with ensuring personal information security. In the course of the research, methods of cognition, analysis, synthesis, logic, comparative legal analysis, observation, generalization, system analysis and forecasting were widely used.

This article provides a comparative analysis of the preschool education system in different countries. The tasks set by the Western education system for pedagogy will be considered; they are based on a situational approach to the organization of the educational process, which orients pedagogy to the life situations that arise in children, thereby conducting training that is close to real life. The main characteristics of the situational approach are: complete interaction between play and the child’s learning. Based on the situational analysis, the learning process is planned.

This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of the various manuscripts and printed editions of Alisher Navoi’s Hayrat ul-Abror, exploring the linguistic, textual, and philosophical variations that have emerged across different regions and historical periods. By employing a multidisciplinary methodology that combines philological analysis with historical-contextual examination, the research identifies significant lexical, syntactic, and thematic differences in the text. These variations are closely tied to the cultural and intellectual environments in which the manuscripts were produced, particularly the influence of Sufi metaphysics and regional linguistic norms. The findings underscore the dynamic nature of manuscript transmission and highlight how Navoi’s work was continually reshaped by evolving intellectual and cultural trends. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of literary transmission in the Persianate world and offers new insights into the broader processes of textual adaptation and interpretation.

It is devoted to problems describing the aspects related to the comparative analysis of fixed asset analysis, the method of forming fixed asset, the full use of fixed asset in the business unit and the management of the asset, and the management models of fixed assets. As a result of the type of economic change that is growing in the country, significant changes are occurring, and in turn, the globalization of  Uzbekistan is increasing its impact on the economy. As a result, the influence of the joint venture capital and other economic joint ventures on capital value and working capital is changing.

The article deals with the problems of frame semantics, the notion of frame as a complex knowledge structure represented at the conceptual level and encoded in language. It is emphasized that frame analysis being applied in fictional text analysis helps to decode implicit conceptual meanings represented in the text by certain frame.

Malware is one of the problems really existing in the modern post-industrial society. Hackers continuously develop novel techniques to intrude into computer systems for various reasons, so many security researchers should analyze and track new malicious program to protect sensitive information for the computer system. In this paper, we integrate the Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic System (IT2FLS) with malware behavioral analysis: Malware Analysis Network in Uzbekistan (MAN in Uzbekistan, MiT). The core techniques of MiT are as follows: (1) automatically collect the logs the difference operation system to extract unknown behavior information.