World experience shows that the most important indicators associated with the level of economic development of countries and high per capita national income, including (a large number of types of securities traded on the stock market and high liquidity, high dividend policy in joint-stock companies (JSCs), and improved stock exchange trading systems), are explained by the high level of development of the stock market, in particular, the high share of capitalization of the stock market (SMP) in relation to the volume of gross domestic product (GDP).

Motivation is a central factor in successful English language learning, especially in high school contexts where learners often experience anxiety, disengagement, and declining interest. To address these challenges, educational strategies such as gamification and game-based learning have gained attention for their potential to enhance learner engagement and motivation. This conceptual literature review examines how these approaches can support motivation in English language education. Drawing on Self-Determination Theory and research on language learning motivation, the article explores the use of game elements and educational games in high school classrooms. It also distinguishes between gamification and game-based learning and discusses practical implications for English teachers and mentors. The review concludes that these approaches, when applied thoughtfully, can foster learner autonomy, increase participation, and promote sustained motivation in learning English.

This article analyzes the characteristics of developing discourse competence in high school students. Discourse competence includes students’ ability to construct oral and written speech in a logical, coherent, and understandable manner. The article provides detailed information on the components of discourse competence, effective methods for its development, and pedagogical technologies. Additionally, the importance of using interactive methods, linguistic and pragmatic exercises, and modern information technologies is highlighted. The research findings demonstrate the impact of discourse competence on students’ critical thinking, communicative adaptability, and academic achievements.

In modern education, discursive competence plays a crucial role in developing students’ ability to effectively express ideas, engage in meaningful discussions, and comprehend complex texts. Discourse competence is the ability of an individual to express their thoughts clearly, logically, and persuasively in the process of communication. For high school students, these skills are crucial not only in the educational process but also in their future professional and social lives. This article explores strategies for enhancing high school students’ discursive competencies through an individualized approach. By integrating personalized learning techniques, differentiated instruction, and communicative activities, students can develop their linguistic and cognitive abilities. The study also examines the impact of tailored teaching methods on students’ analytical thinking and argumentative skills.

The article dissected the hypothetical suggestions with respect to the issue of ability and its parts. The issues of desultory capability and its development by foreign language in secondary school. Further, while gathered by sex, the information demonstrate a huge contrast as far as phonetic and competence capability. In actuality, no huge contrast is noted when the respondents gathered by strand for the two regions. By and large, the relational abilities of senior secondary school learners may as yet be moved along. Consequently, a discursive competence expected to help the troubles of learners in English language learning was proposed.

Ushbu maqolada jahon mumtoz musiqa san’ati namunalarining yuqori sinf o‘quvchilarining estetik tarbiyasida tutgan o‘rni tahlil qilinadi. Mumtoz musiqaning go‘zallikni anglash, emotsional va axloqiy rivojlanishga, musiqiy didni shakllantirishga, shuningdek, madaniyatlararo muloqot va tarixiy jarayonlarni tushunishga qo‘shgan hissasi ko‘rib chiqiladi. Bundan tashqari, maqolada mumtoz musiqa ijodi orqali o‘quvchilarning ijodiy qobiliyatlarini rivojlantirish imkoniyatlari ham yoritiladi. Jahon mumtoz musiqasi o‘quvchilarning estetik didi va ma’naviy rivojlanishida muhim omil sifatida ta’kidlanadi.

Critical Thinking is a rating system that is used to analyze things and events with the formulation of reasonable conclusions and allows learner to make informed judgments, interpretations, and correctly apply results to situations and problems. The article analyzes the techniques and methods of using the technology for the development of critical thinking through reading and writing. When using this technology in the classroom, the learner can use such techniques as a cluster, a basket of ideas, an insert which can be often used as reflection.

The target group of students are currently admitted to secondary school in Andijan city. The students’ English classroom context or instructions are aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). The national curriculum is designed by focusing more communicative skills which aim to prepare the language learners for real-life situations. School curriculum and yearly plans emphasize equipping the students with all academic background to be ready to transit for the next level of education, such as higher education, vocational collages, and international and local university admissions. The language program at school is developed to prepare the students for both local and international language testing examinations.  The lessons are also structured to incorporate all four language skills. The English language classroom instructions are conduced in Uzbek, Russian and English in primary and secondary levels while the dominant classroom instruction language is English in high school level. Students usually apply all three language for their social interactions.

In this article, an accomplished literary critic, navviist, mystic, translator and translation scholar, doctor of philological sciences, professor Najmiddin Komilov, famous representatives of Eastern Sufi literature, Farididdin Attar's "Mantiq ut-tayr", "Ilohiynoma", Husain Vaiz Koshifi's "Futuvvatnomai - Sultani", Sultan Valad's "Maarif", Aziziddin Nasafi's "Zubdat ul-Haqayiq" and Sayyid Muhammad Khatami's "From the History of Islamic Thought" translated from Persian into Uzbek by skillful translation, in general, scientific study and assessment of the scientist's translation activities, and the scientist's current problems of translation studies. His views on research are analyzed. The above-mentioned translator Najmiddin Komilov's works, translated from Persian to Uzbek, have a fluent language and a simple style, and the reader will have no difficulty in reading the translated work. In the article, the translator's "Translation skills of Muhammad Reza Ogahi" (candidacy thesis), "Khorazm school of translation (problems of typological and comparative research of the translation history of the 19th century)" (doctoral thesis), "This is an ancient art", "Caravans of thought" and the co-authored scientific research "Bridges of Friendship" and "Translator's Skills" were analyzed, about 20 literary translations from Persian by the famous poet, historian and translator M.R. Ogahi, Ogahi's translation skills, which stand in a high position in Uzbek translation studies The emergence, formation and development of Khorezm translation school, prominent representatives of Khorezm translation school. artistic translation and its poetic and prose forms, complex aspects and requirements of poetic translation, the importance of translation in studying the work of Hafiz and Goethe and other thinker poets of classical Eastern and Western literature, in general, N. Komilov's Uzbek translation studies Scientific opinions and views on current problems were studied. While referring to the history of Uzbek translation studies, translator Najmiddin Komilov provides information about the translation work of Abu Rayhan Beruni, a great encyclopedist, a representative of Eastern Renaissance culture, who made a great contribution to the development of the Khorezm translation school. According to the translator, A. Beruni knew several languages ​​such as Arabic (Syriac), Greek, Indian (Sanskrit), Jewish (Hebrew), Persian and Turkish and was recognized as a skilled translator and a clever translator of his time. The studies of the hard-working scientist on the development of Uzbek translation studies are distinguished by their richness in literary-aesthetic, philosophical-logical thinking. In the conditions of today's globalization, translation and translation studies have an important role in the development of science in Uzbekistan, since translations lead humanity to progress and raise world civilization.

The article is about issues related to the process of teaching English oral speech to elementary school students, and its subject is "oral speech skills", they start high school Inner classes form the methodological basis of the formation system in English language education. English language especially for students from primary school to increase interest in learning, one of the most important elements in learning a foreign language is the formation of vocabulary and strengthening of learned words by combining learned words and forming simple sentences, using visual aids, memorizing words belonging to the same group, colors, days of the week, months, seasons and similar words in the form of poetry leaves a deep impression on the child's mind.

The transformative potential of contemporary technologies to completely change secondary school teaching methods is examined in this study report. Thanks to technology advancements, educators today have a plethora of tools and resources at their disposal to support student engagement, personalized learning, and the development of critical thinking abilities. Teachers can establish an engaging and dynamic learning environment in high school that equips pupils for the challenges of the twenty-first century by incorporating contemporary technologies into the curriculum. This article examines a variety of contemporary technologies and emphasizes how they affect teaching methods and student outcomes. These technologies include augmented reality, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and internet platforms.

Critical Thinking is a rating system that is used to analyze things and events with the formulation of reasonable conclusions and allows learner to make informed judgments, interpretations, and correctly apply results to situations and problems. The article analyzes the techniques and methods of using the technology for the development of critical thinking through reading and writing. When using this technology in the classroom, the learner can use such techniques as a cluster, a basket of ideas, an insert which can be often used as reflection.

This article discusses the wide-ranging impact of high school students on the development of critical thinking, vocabulary improvement, emotional intelligence, and general intellectual growth, and the beauty of prose writing as high school students.

Gender differences in higher education enrollment have been widely discussed however less attention has been paid to how these differences are negotiated and discussed within families in collectivist contexts such as Tashkent. This paper examines how gender shapes enrollment decision-making for private universities in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, with particular attention to the issue of family involvement and perceived risk. Based on a mixed-methods study of 275 students enrolled in both private universities of Tashkent and high school students on in the last year of high school and on the verge on joining a private institution, the paper combines quantitative survey results with qualitative student accounts to explore how families apply different evaluation criteria for male and female applicants. The findings of this research which stands on a socio cultural aspect of the enrolment decisions show that Uzbek families in Tashkent are to apply stricter checks and assessment criteria related to the safety, social acceptance, and institutional legitimacy of the private universities as well as the educational atmosphere when the applicant is a female student, while discussions concerning male students emphasize mostly on issues such as future employability outcomes and public recognition. Taken together, these differences make one point clear.

В данном тезисе рассматривается важность и методы профориентации выпускников школ в сфере информационных технологий (ИТ). Освещается роль сферы информационных технологий в современном обществе и её значение для экономического развития. В тезисе анализируются программы и методики, направленные на развитие технических способностей учащихся, пробуждение интереса к профессиям, связанным с ИТ, а также подготовку специалистов, соответствующих требованиям рынка труда. Особое внимание уделено сотрудничеству школ с ИТ-сектором, практическим занятиям, семинарам и программам профориентации. Это позволяет повысить интерес молодёжи к сфере ИТ и направить их к успешной профессиональной деятельности в будущем.

This article explores the importance of developing online virtual laboratories and a mobile application to enhance the learning experience of secondary school students studying physics. We discuss the implementation of these technologies, and their proposed structure, and offer suggestions for their use. The need for virtual laboratories and mobile applications is increasingly evident as traditional educational methods struggle to keep up with the demands of modern students.

At a time when modern information technologies are widely developed, it is one of the urgent issues to approach teaching programming languages ​​to students of general education schools with a special method, to develop simplified methods, and to assign tasks to students taking into account their age. Students in general secondary schools are encouraged to develop independent programming skills, interest in programming languages, and motivate them to find their place in the future and create excellent programs for the development of the country. Nowadays when modern information technologies are widely developed, one of the most actual problems is to issue a special approach for teaching programming languages to secondary school students and to pay attention to the development of simplified methods assigning tasks based on the age of students. This article develops self-programming skills among high school students, helps to develop an interest in programming and help them find their place in the future, as well as create better programs for the development of the country. 

Personnel management in the field of education plays a key role in ensuring a high-quality educational process and the successful functioning of the school. Effective management of the teaching staff contributes not only to improving the professional level of teachers, but also to creating a favorable working atmosphere conducive to the development of students. In this article, it will be considered the main methods of personnel management in schools, which help heads of educational institutions to effectively coordinate the activities of teachers and ensure a high level of the educational process.

The article is devoted to provide solutions for the methodological issues with the way English is taught in high school. The most successful of them in the context of the problem of a choice of technologies and methods of teaching English in a modern higher education institution are proven in this article by examination and research of theoretical and methodical elements of novel technologies of training.

Singing has a significant impact on a child's mental and emotional growth and is strongly tied to the development of basic mental processes and physical processes. In this perspective, voice training with the goal of using the voice appropriately and efficiently is believed to be required in general music education, and breathing and vocal exercises have a particular importance for high and quality sound production in this process. With this in mind, the purpose of this study was to learn how Turkish music teachers felt about employing voice and breathing exercises while singing in contexts related to general music education.

This article provides information about the status of Homidjan Homidi as a scientist, his high skill and the evolution of the Scientific School, the attention and recognition of his teachers, who created systematic scientific research works important for Uzbek literary studies, source studies and textualism. The scientist's research related to the field of history of Uzbek literature, avestoshunos, Pharaohs has been studied. In the development of modern tazkiranavism, the role and importance of Homidjan Homidi studies is scientifically established.

If students' learning activities are not directed to creative thinking, if they do not become active individuals in the learning process, then their conscious mastery will never be achieved. It has been proven in practice that the initial training process is effective and gives good results if the following requirements are followed. Abilities are a set of mental and individual characteristics that allow acquiring important knowledge, skills and abilities for productive activity. Intellectual ability refers to the ability to use concepts and make logical generalizations. Creative imagination is the basis of the creative approach to intellectual and creative activities of high school students. The leading feature of the ability is creative imagination.

Oral health is an important component of every person's physical, mental and social well-being. Today, caries and periodontal disease remain the most common dental diseases not only among adults, but also among younger populations throughout the world. According to recent epidemiological studies conducted on healthy children, the incidence of dental pathology is high, with the prevalence of caries among healthy age groups 12–15 years being 63.3–83 years, 4% and 81.7–88.7%, intensity 3.02 -3.75 and 4.6-5.73, and the prevalence of periodontal tissue diseases in the group of healthy 12-year-old children ranged from 37.8% to 50%, in the 15-year-old group of children it ranged from 57.7% to 84 .7%.

The prevalence of caries is also high in children with mental retardation of preschool and school age, while the intensity of caries is higher in children aged 13–18 years with mild mental retardation (MID). These indicators increase with age and depend on the severity of the underlying disease.

We have implemented a program for the prevention of dental diseases in children with disabilities, but most of them were focused on children with mild and moderate mental retardation, where we will take into account not only the degree of mental retardation, but also teaching them oral care skills and diet child.

The article refers to school, academic high school, profession college and technical schools, higher education study​ in his country of the students critical thinking ability develop technology and their stages brought passed. Critical​ of thinking formation and to develop help giver certain environment and conditions also showing the creation given. This in the article of the students critical thinking ability to develop aimed at modern pedagogical technologies It is highlighted. It contains critical thinking concept of content, its education in the process importance and in students independent, analytical and creative thinking skills​ formation methods analysis Also, interactive methods, problematic education, project and information and communication from technologies use through education efficiency increase roads​ showing​ given. Article general education schools and other education institutions teachers​ for methodical recommendations to give with is important.

The article contains analysis and the consideration of the content, structural
elements and components of the linguo-cultural competence of high school students and the
way of forming it in teaching foreign language. Methods of determination the level of the
students’ competence is based on the results of the formation of the personality’s spheres are
expounded.