This article analyzes the development of renewable energy sources in the context of globalization, considering the growing demand for energy resources in the global economy, climate change, and the need to reduce carbon emissions. The paper highlights recent reforms implemented in the energy sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the realization of green energy projects, the attraction of foreign investment, and the introduction of public-private partnership mechanisms. The economic and environmental benefits of increasing electricity generation through the development of solar, wind, hydropower, and energy storage systems, reducing natural gas consumption, and minimizing negative environmental impacts are substantiated. In addition, within the framework of the Paris Agreement, Uzbekistan’s international climate commitments, as well as practical measures for the implementation of carbon markets and green certificate systems, are analyzed. The research findings reveal the strategic importance of green energy in ensuring sustainable economic growth in the country.