Translation is not a neutral or purely technical activity; rather, it is a culturally embedded practice shaped by historical, ideological, and ethical considerations. These complexities are particularly pronounced in the translation of sacred and religious texts, where language operates as a vessel of divine authority, communal identity, and spiritual meaning. Religious translation therefore occupies a unique position within translation studies, demanding exceptional sensitivity to both linguistic form and cultural substance.

          Friedrich Max Muller, (1823–1900), German-born philologist and Vedic scholar, professor at Oxford University and celebrated public lecturer in the comparative study of language, mythology, and religion, editor of the Rig-Veda Samhita (6 vols.), and Editor of The Sacred Books of the East (50 vols.).

This article analyzes the relationship, as well as the differences in religion and philosophy of Farabi.

Islam is a religion of knowledge. According to Islam, acquiring knowledge is one of the obligatory actions for every Muslim man and woman. The fact that the word knowledge is repeated 765 times in our holy book "Qur'an Karim" proves our above words. In the history of the Uzbek people, there have been two renaissances, and for both of our renaissances, Islam plays a very important role.

Life sciences in the contemporary world are fertile ground for religion and science contentions. It could be argued that developments in evolutionary biology in the last two centuries contributed much to the rise of New Atheism. On conducting a survey we find that the study of life sciences within the Islamic scientific tradition never inclined towards atheistic thought. A core characteristic of Islamic science was that rigorous scientific research was conducted within a predominantly Islamic intellectual milieu and a ‘tawhid’ framework. The initial impetus to develop life sciences in the Muslim world came from religious injunctions from the Quran and Sunnah. Many scientists like Muhammad ibn Sirin, Hasan Basri etc pursued a study of the world to understand divine wisdom at work in creation. The necessary starting point of all scientific enquiry in the Islamic world was a recognition of divine unity that is demonstrated best by cosmic unity. Because Islamic science sprang forth from an intellectual tradition rooted in religion and spirituality, the place of symbolism in all literature was inevitable. Understanding this feature of Islamic science is crucial for various reasons like a historical survey of Islamic Science and contemporary efforts in the field of Islam and Science, particularly Evolution.

The article “Thomas Jefferson: Philosophy, Ethics, Natural Rights, and Religion” examines Jefferson as a political thinker, ethical theorist, and defender of religious freedom. It emphasizes his role as a “Founding Father” of the United States and his commitment to democracy, natural rights, and Enlightenment values. The article explores Jefferson’s philosophical foundations, linking his belief in reason, human morality, and social nature to his political ideas—particularly the concepts of equality, government based on the consent of the governed, and the protection of inalienable rights. In addition, it discusses Jefferson’s support for religious tolerance, his criticism of imposed religious practices, and his efforts to secure freedom of conscience as a natural right. The work draws on historical documents, scholarly interpretations, and Jefferson’s own writings to contextualize his ethical and political philosophy within the framework of the Enlightenment.

Taboos are invisible boundaries that define what is unacceptable, inappropriate, or forbidden within a society. These cultural boundaries play an   important role in shaping individual behavior, social interactions, and community values. Taboos vary greatly   from   culture   to   culture and are often deeply rooted in history, tradition, religion, and social norms.  Addressing taboos requires a nuanced understanding of cultural sensitivities and an awareness of the impact that breaking these boundaries has on relationships and social dynamics.

This article explores the relationship between religious belief and rational thinking. The study examines the influence and relationship between religion and science in modern society. This article examines the relationship between religious belief and rational thinking through a literature review.

This article shares some information about Is’haq Khan Ibrat and his life and genealogy, as well as some information about his contribution to science, the schools he opened, and the good deeds he did.

This article explores the cultural significance of anthroponyms (personal names) and toponyms (place names) in the Spanish-speaking world. Drawing on historical, linguistic, and sociocultural perspectives, it highlights how naming practices reflect the identity, history, and values of Spanish-speaking societies. The study pays special attention to the influence of religion, colonization, and linguistic heritage on the development of Spanish names.

The study of the history of Islam is important in the study of the socio-political, economic and spiritual history of Central Asia, due to the interdependence of our national and religious powers on the duration of the captives. The doctrine of Sufism, an integral part of Islam, played an important role in the socio-political history of Central Asia, starting with the middle captives. The introduction and spread of Islam into vast territories led to the creation of a unique culture, radically changing the lives of Indigenous peoples. The service of the Central Asia Schools, which brought representatives of Sufism into Islamic culture, retained its importance in the social processes that lasted from the 12th century to the beginning of the 20th century. These schools have adapted Islamic heritage to local customs and culture throughout their development, going through stages such as leadership in political processes.

This article explores the anthroponyms of the Uzbek and Chinese peoples from a cultural-ethnographic perspective. It highlights how naming traditions reflect social structures, beliefs, customs, and historical developments in each culture. The study examines naming ceremonies, the influence of religion and superstition on name selection, the role of family and clan in naming practices, and the evolution of personal naming systems. By comparing Uzbek and Chinese naming customs – from protective names intended to safeguard children to the Chinese practice of multiple names throughout life – the paper reveals both unique cultural specifics and shared human concerns embodied in personal names.

this article analyzes the social-ethical, educational, training, example, advice, didactic views in the wisdom of Khoja Ahmed Yassavi. Also, the religious-mystical aspects of Shariat, Tariqat, Enlightenment, Truth concepts in the thinker's poetry were researched.

This article explores the influence of Dan Brown’s biography on the symbolic and stylistic structure of his fiction. It argues that Dan Brown’s upbringing in an environment where scientific rationality and religious symbolism coexisted shaped his distinctive narrative approach. The study demonstrates how this dual intellectual background is reflected in Dan Brown’s use of symbols, codes, and interdisciplinary references, which function as bridges between reason and belief. Rather than providing autobiographical content, Dan Brown’s biography serves as an organizing principle underlying his symbolic thinking and narrative method.

The formation of our spirituality dates back to the time of primitive people.  The spirituality of a nation, its language, religion, literature, and art are its riches.  Our land is the land of our ancestors, who shed the light of knowledge on the world, we are their spiritual successors, we must be their worthy children, their worthy successors.  The main purpose of the article is the role of literature in the development of our spirituality, and today we want to prove it to you through this article.  Ahmad Yassavi, Najmiddin Kubro, Alisher Navoi, Babur, Ogahi, Muqumi, Lutfi, Atoi, Uvaysi, Mashrab, Nodira, Dilshodi Barno.  about their contributions to the development of our literature and their literary heritage.

Proverbs serve as condensed moral narratives, offering insight into the collective values of a culture over time. In the English-speaking world, proverbs have historically functioned as a means of reinforcing ethical behavior, reflecting dominant ideologies, and instructing both children and adults in social norms. This study investigates the evolution of ethical values in English proverbs from the Old English period through to the modern era, examining how shifts in religion, philosophy, economic structures, and social attitudes have influenced the content and tone of proverbial wisdom.

This article deals with the historical development of anthroponyms, which was evaluating during many centuries. English proper names have a long history of development and functionalizing. What is more, national features of proper names find their reflection in the anthroponomical formula. Proper names, functionalizing at the current stage in English language, were created and borrowed from various sources and entered the system of proper by names gradually.

This study focuses on the analysis of interethnic marriages in four Asian countries: China, South Korea, Japan, and India. The unique historical, cultural, and demographic characteristics of these countries allow us to identify both general trends and specific manifestations of this social phenomenon. The study explores the historical origins, cultural, and social aspects of interethnic marriages, as well as the impact of globalization on interethnic relations in the Asian region.

This article provides detailed information on the theological studies that have emerged in other countries and in our country as a result of the interaction of religious and linguistic research. In addition to the emergence of Theo-linguistics, its formation and development as a branch of linguistics, the author pays special attention to the fact that the history of such research in our country goes back a long way.

The article reveals the characteristics and ancient foundations of shamanic mythology. Shamanism (shamanism) is one of the earliest forms of religion, which arose in the Stone Age in stateless societies whose economy was based on hunting. Although shamans sometimes use traditional medicine, they are not witch doctors or healers. The latter existed in clan groups along with shamans and independently of them.

The influence of French on the evolution of the English language represents one of the most decisive phases in its historical development. Following the Norman Conquest of 1066, Anglo-Norman French became the language of administration, law, literature, and the aristocracy, while English persisted among the general population. Over several centuries, intense bilingual contact led to profound lexical borrowing, particularly in domains such as governance, jurisprudence, religion, warfare, education, cuisine, fashion, and abstract thought. This contact also affected English morphology and stylistics: many native terms were replaced or semantically narrowed, and Romance affixation patterns entered Middle English word-formation. The gradual re-emergence of English as the dominant public language in the late Middle Ages did not reverse French influence; rather, it resulted in a layered lexicon where Germanic and Romance items co-exist with distinct stylistic and register implications. Thus, French did not merely enrich the vocabulary of English but contributed structurally and functionally to its transformation from a predominantly Germanic idiom into a hybridized, highly stratified lexicon characteristic of Modern English.

The article analyzes information on the Islamic religion and its introduction to Central Asia, its main features of the Eastern Renaissance, New Uzbekistan and today's spiritual issues.

The purpose of this article is to show how limitless the value and position of a woman is in the family and society. My dear, who likes our article, it is not surprising that if you are faced with difficulties in finding a solution, seeing that moral and physical violence against women is carried out in your family, area, neighbors, through this article we will pay attention to ways and hope that you will use our recommendations.

This article examines the role of the Tashkent Oasis within the network of the Great Silk Road, focusing on the formation and development of its ancient cities, as well as their economic and cultural significance. Special attention is given to the archaeological analysis of major urban centers such as Kanka, Shahrukhiya, Shoshtepa, and Mingo’rik. The study demonstrates that the Tashkent Oasis served as a central hub for trade, religion, and cultural exchange between East and West along the Silk Road.

In this article, the unique aspects of the Arab ethno-culture in the territory of Uzbekistan are highlighted, mainly the spread of Islamic culture and the emergence of Islamic religious rituals are highlighted on the basis of historical and scientific literature.