Cultural heritage, comprising both tangible and intangible elements, serves as a vital pillar of identity, community cohesion, and historical continuity. In the modern world, however, this heritage faces significant threats from rapid urbanization, globalization, climate change, and armed conflict, which risk diluting cultural diversity and eroding community ties. This article explores the multifaceted importance of cultural heritage, highlighting its economic, social, and educational benefits while examining the contemporary challenges that hinder its preservation.