Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by interruptions in the flow of speech, such as repetitions, prolongations, and blocks. Traditional speech therapies focus on altering speech patterns through cognitive-behavioral methods, but music therapy has emerged as a promising complementary or alternative treatment. This paper examines the effectiveness of music therapy in reducing stuttering, particularly through methods like Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT), rhythmic speech exercises, and singing. Music therapy leverages the brain's distinct processing of rhythm and melody to facilitate smoother, more fluent speech. This review discusses various therapeutic techniques, the neurobiological mechanisms involved, and the potential benefits observed in individuals undergoing music therapy for stuttering. Research indicates that music therapy can enhance speech fluency, reduce anxiety, and improve overall communication confidence. While further studies are needed, early results suggest that integrating music therapy into stuttering treatment protocols may offer significant benefits.

This article examines how human speech is produced and how it functions as a physical signal. This topic is fundamental in phonetics, as it explains the physiological mechanisms involved in sound formation and the acoustic properties that allow speech to be transmitted and perceived. The articulatory aspect focuses on the role of the speech organs—such as the tongue, lips, vocal cords, and velum—in shaping different sound types, including vowels and consonants. It studies processes like voicing, place and manner of articulation, airflow direction, and resonance. The acoustic aspect investigates the measurable properties of speech sounds, including frequency, amplitude, formants, pitch, and duration, which determine how sounds are recognized and distinguished by listeners. Together, articulatory and acoustic analyses provide a complete understanding of how speech sounds are generated, how they differ from one another, and how they function in spoken communication. Understanding these characteristics is essential for linguistic research, language teaching, speech therapy, and modern technologies such as speech recognition and synthesis.

This article examines how human speech is produced and how it functions as a physical signal. This topic is fundamental in phonetics, as it explains the physiological mechanisms involved in sound formation and the acoustic properties that allow speech to be transmitted and perceived. The articulatory aspect focuses on the role of the speech organs—such as the tongue, lips, vocal cords, and velum—in shaping different sound types, including vowels and consonants. It studies processes like voicing, place and manner of articulation, airflow direction, and resonance. The acoustic aspect investigates the measurable properties of speech sounds, including frequency, amplitude, formants, pitch, and duration, which determine how sounds are recognized and distinguished by listeners. Together, articulatory and acoustic analyses provide a complete understanding of how speech sounds are generated, how they differ from one another, and how they function in spoken communication. Understanding these characteristics is essential for linguistic research, language teaching, speech therapy, and modern technologies such as speech recognition and synthesis.

Ushbu maqola mehnat darslari orqali aqli zaif o'quvchilarning nutqini rivojlantirishning muhim pedagogik yondashuvlarini o’rganishga bag’ishlangan. Maqolada mehnat darslarining o’quvchilarning nutqiy salohiyatini oshirishdagi roli, ularning psixologik xususiyatlari va nutq rivojlanishiga ta’sir etuvchi omillar tahlil qilinadi. Aqli zaif o'quvchilarning nutq rivojlanishidagi mavjud muammolar va bu jarayonda qo’llaniladigan metodlar, amaliy mashg’ulotlar va interaktiv yondashuvlar haqida ma’lumot beriladi. Mehnat darslarining pedagogik asoslari va o'qituvchining roli haqida fikrlar bildirilib, o'quvchilarning nutqiy ko'nikmalarini rivojlantirish uchun konkret tavsiyalar keltirilgan. Maqola, mehnat darslari orqali aqli zaif o’quvchilarni nutq rivojlantirishda samarali metodlar va amaliyotlarni qo’llashda o’qituvchilarga yo’naltirilgan foydali resurs bo’lib xizmat qiladi.

Postoperative neurosurgical interventions for brain tumors can lead to severe impairments in speech functions—particularly in speech production, comprehension, and expression. When surgery is performed in the left cerebral hemisphere, especially near the Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas, cases of aphasia, dysarthria, and other speech disorders are frequently observed. This article analyzes the effectiveness of a comprehensive therapy model for speech rehabilitation, which includes speech-language therapy, neuropsychological interventions, and technological support. Standardized tests were used to assess patients' speech activity, and rehabilitation was organized based on individualized programs. The results indicate that integrated approaches yield high efficiency in restoring speech functions, especially when therapy is initiated early.

В данной статье освещается вопрос по формированию речевой компетенции будущего учителя начальных классов на примере уроков русского (родного) языка, как одного из ключевых направлений в системе непрерывного образования. В статье описываются наиболее эффективные методы и приёмы работы по развитию речевых компетенций будущих учителей начальных классов и школьников, акцентируется внимание на важности работы над устной и письменной речью и речевым этикетом детей. Одним из важных путей формирования языковой грамотности и коммуникативной компетенции автор считает использование инновационных технологий и активных методов и приёмов обучения в учебном процессе.

This article discusses the problem of speech development in preschool children. Such concepts as: speech, speech development, language are disclosed. The tasks of speech development by different authors are also presented. The question of the importance of the formation of correct and good oral speech in preschool children has been studied.

В данной статье рассматривается вопрос технического анализа речи человека в учебных занятиях. В процессе исследования речевые сигналы были переведены в цифровой формат и проанализированы по формантам, спектрограммам, амплитуде и временным параметрам. Полученные результаты позволяют оценивать произношение, интонацию, ударение и ритм речи. Кроме того, алгоритмы автоматического анализа сигналов обеспечивают объективизацию педагогического процесса и позволяют организовывать индивидуальные занятия. Результаты исследования показывают, что технический анализ речи является эффективным инструментом для научного обоснования педагогического процесса и развития речевых навыков.

This article examines speech etiquette and the role of national culture in its formation, the emergence of socially conditioned forms of speech behavior due to various images and traditions, the specifics of youth speech in oral speech, specific ways of establishing communication between speech common interlocutors, social factors influencing the formation of speech etiquette.

The article studies the units of address in male and female speech from a gender linguistic perspective using the example of the Uzbek and Turkish languages. Explaining the difference between gender and biological sex, the author shows how society's stereotypical views of masculinity and femininity affect speech behavior. The analysis covers factors such as social status, age, profession, formal and informal situation; features such as the affectionate function of the possessive suffix -im, the abundance of emotional-expressive units in women's speech, and the predominance of professional and vulgar vocabulary in men's speech are comparatively highlighted. Titles and deictics such as "begim", "padişahum", "hazrat momo" in historical sources, euphemistic forms such as "canım", "jonim" in modern speech, and negatively colored insults such as "khumpar", "chyort", "jouvonmarg" are classified semantically and pragmatically. As a result, a complex system of reference units is revealed, which is formed in accordance with gender, social environment, and cultural context; the research demonstrates its relevance for sociolinguistics, pragmatics, and cultural studies

The development of oral coherent monological speech in preschool children lays the foundations for the successful formation of written coherent monological speech in schoolchildren. Monologue speech is characterized by the fullness, clarity and interrelation of individual parts of the text. One of its most important features is arbitrariness, awareness. The speaker must be able to consistently, coherently present the content, correctly formalize it verbally. Monologue speech is an organized type of speech, therefore it requires special education.

Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich ta’lim dars jarayonida o‘qituvchi nutqining o‘quvchilar nutqiy kompetensiyasini shakllantirishdagi ta’siri didaktik va kommunikativ jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Nutqiy kompetensiya boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilari uchun nafaqat til boyligini rivojlantirish, balki muloqotda erkin ishtirok etish, fikrni aniq va ravon ifodalash ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirish vositasi sifatida qaraladi.

In modern society, the formation of speech competence is of great interest, since there is a big problem associated with a clear lack of language education, low language competence of the majority of the population. Therefore, a person should learn to master the basic skills: to think independently, to look for the most correct ways to overcome difficulties; to possess a rich vocabulary, to be sociable, to work independently on their own development. In this regard, the requirements for teaching Russian language and literature include the formation of not only linguistic, but also speech competence of students related to the culture of oral and written speech, rules and methods of using language in different speech situations.

Статья посвящена анализу перспектив развития логопедии в условиях цифровой трансформации образования. В работе обосновывается актуальность внедрения инновационных технологий в коррекционную практику, что обусловлено ростом числа детей с тяжёлыми и комплексными речевыми нарушениями, а также необходимостью повышения доступности логопедической помощи. Рассматриваются современные направления цифровизации логопедии: использование искусственного интеллекта, виртуальной и дополненной реальности, дистанционных платформ и мультимедийных приложений. Подчёркивается значимость индивидуализации коррекционной работы посредством цифровых ресурсов, обеспечивающих построение персонализированных траекторий развития речи у детей.

This article analyzes the complex relationship between speech structure and emotions based on Patrick Charaudeau's semiolinguistic theory. Speech is considered not only as a means of transmitting information, but also as an important channel for emotional expression and social communication. The article presents Charaudeau's ideas on how emotional interpretations can be linked to the semantic and syntactic structure of speech. The article first examines the main components of speech structure and how they function in emotional contexts. The role of emotions in speech, the emotional load of language combinations and the complexities of their interaction are highlighted. Charaudeau's theory is also used to analyze the semiotic aspects of speech, that is, the connections between sign, meaning and context.

The article is devoted to the issue of speech development of preschool children through the use of speech games. The idea is substantiated that the initial principle of teaching children to read and write is a "pre-letter", purely sound learning period. Special attention is paid to the systematization of speech development games and the preparation of children for literacy, for the successful further formation of reading and writing skills.

В статье рассматриваются ключевые психолого-педагогические аспекты внедрения цифровых технологий в логопедическую деятельность. Анализируются трансформации взаимодействия логопеда и обучающегося в условиях цифровизации образования, особенности восприятия цифровой среды детьми с речевыми нарушениями, а также требования к профессиональной подготовке специалистов. Отражены риски и перспективы цифровизации логопедической практики с позиций современной педагогической науки.

This article provides an in-depth and original analysis of the work of the organs of speech, examining how various anatomical structures cooperate to produce human language. It discusses the roles of the respiratory, phonatory, articulatory, and resonating organs, highlighting how airflow, vocal fold vibration, and articulatory movements interact to generate speech sounds. The study explains the functions of major speech organs such as the lungs, diaphragm, larynx, tongue, lips, palate, and nasal cavity, emphasizing their coordinated activity in respiration, phonation, articulation, and resonance. Through descriptive and analytical approaches, the article demonstrates that spoken language is the result of a highly complex physiological system that transforms airflow into meaningful sounds. Understanding the work of the organs of speech is crucial for linguistics, phonetics, speech therapy, and language teaching, as it provides the foundation for analyzing pronunciation, correcting articulation, and treating speech disorders.

The requirements for teaching Russian language and literature include the formation of not only linguistic, but also speech competence of students related to the culture of oral and written speech, rules and methods of using language in different speech situations.

В данной статье анализируются психологические, лингвистические и педагогические факторы речевого развития детей с заиканием. Исследование освещает влияние заикания на задержку формирования речи, эмоциональное напряжение, дискомфорт в общении и процессы социальной адаптации. Также изучается эффективность логопедических упражнений, психотерапевтических подходов и игровых методов в преодолении препятствий в речевом развитии.

В данной статье представлен всесторонний анализ теоретических основ, методологических подходов и практической эффективности сенсомоторных технологий в коррекции дизартрии, наблюдаемой у детей с церебральным параличом (ЦП). В рамках исследования научно обоснованы основные факторы, связанные с нарушениями речевой моторики, ограничениями в функционировании артикуляционного аппарата и их влиянием на коммуникативное развитие детей. В ходе экспериментального исследования была разработана система корректирующих упражнений, основанная на сенсомоторных подходах, и оценено их влияние на артикуляционную точность, фонаторную стабильность, речевой ритм и общую моторную координацию у детей с дизартрией. Полученные результаты показывают, что систематическое и постепенное использование сенсомоторных технологий улучшает функциональное состояние артикуляционных мышц, повышает согласованность речевых движений и способствует устойчивому развитию речевых моторных навыков.

Stuttering is a speech disorder that can significantly impact communication and social integration, often leading to anxiety and reduced self-confidence. Traditional treatment methods, such as speech therapy, have proven to be effective, but recent advances in technology have introduced new approaches. Virtual reality (VR) technology, in particular, has emerged as a promising tool in the treatment of stuttering. By providing immersive, simulated environments, VR enables individuals to practice speech in real-life scenarios without the fear of judgment. This paper explores the use of VR in stuttering therapy, examining its benefits, challenges, and current research findings. VR allows for personalized, controlled exposure to speaking situations, offering real-time feedback to improve speech fluency and reduce anxiety. The paper also discusses potential future developments and the integration of VR into conventional treatment approaches for stuttering.

Down syndrome (DS), resulting from the trisomy of chromosome 21, represents one of the most common genetic causes of intellectual disability, occurring in approximately 1 in 700 live births worldwide. Children with Down syndrome exhibit a distinctive profile of developmental challenges, with speech and language impairments constituting particularly prominent and persistent features of their phenotype. The communication difficulties experienced by these children are characterized by a striking discrepancy between receptive and expressive language abilities, with expressive language typically more severely affected and following an atypical developmental trajectory compared to neurotypical peers.

В данной статье проведён сравнительный анализ правовых механизмов защиты свободы слова в Соединённых Штатах и Германии. Цель исследования — выявить различия в подходах к обеспечению свободы слова в этих странах с учётом их уникальных исторических, правовых и культурных контекстов. Рассматриваются основные правовые нормы, регулирующие свободу слова, включая конституционные гарантии, судебные прецеденты и законодательные ограничения. Особое внимание уделяется таким аспектам, как регулирование языка ненависти, баланс между свободой выражения и общественными интересами, а также влияние прав человека на национальные правовые системы.

This article describes the features of speech behavior in the framework of the sociolinguistic approach. One of its key concepts is sexual selection (linguistic diversity by gender). Sociolinguistics considers gender as a socio-demographic characteristic that determines linguistic diversity along with occupation, age, and social origin. Gender is fundamentally different from biological and grammatical gender. It is constructed by society, not established by nature. This study analyzes the lexical and grammatical features that allow women and men to talk about their communication styles. In conclusion, it is concluded that the features of male and female oral and written statements, the composition of the text indicate the presence of gender differences in speech behavior, which requires a more detailed and detailed consideration.